Abstract：
:Percutaneous coronary interventions are associated with increased radiation exposure compared to most radiological examinations. This prospective study aimed at (1) measuring entrance doses for all in-room personnel, (2) performing an assessment of patient effective dose and intracoronary doses, (3) investigating the contribution of each projection to kerma-area product (KAP) and irradiation time, (4) comparing results with established DRL values in this clinical setting and (5) estimating the risk for fatal cancer to patients and operators. Measurements were performed during 40 consecutive procedures of coronary angiography (CA), half of which were followed by ad hoc coronary angioplasty (PTCA). KAP measurements were used for patients and thermoluminescent dosimetry for the in-room personnel. The mean KAP value per procedure for CA was 29 +/- 9 Gy cm2. Thirty four per cent of KAP was due to fluoroscopy, whereas the remainder (66%) was due to digital cine. Accordingly, the mean KAP value per PTCA procedure was 75 +/- 30 Gy cm2, and contribution of fluoroscopy is 57%. Effective dose per year was estimated to be 0.04-0.05 mSv y(-1) for the primary operator, and 0.03-0.04 mSv y(-1) for those assisting. Corresponding measurements for radiographer and nurse were below detectable level, implying minimal radiation hazards for them. Regarding radiation exposure, coronary intervention is considered a quite safe procedure for both patients and personnel in laboratories with modern equipment and experienced operators as long as standard safety precautions are considered. Exposure optimization though should be constantly sought through continuous review of procedures.
journal_name
Phys Med Bioljournal_title
Physics in medicine and biologyauthors
Efstathopoulos EP,Makrygiannis SS,Kottou S,Karvouni E,Giazitzoglou E,Korovesis S,Tzanalaridou E,Raptou PD,Katritsis DGdoi
10.1088/0031-9155/48/18/307subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-09-21 00:00:00pages
3059-68issue
18eissn
0031-9155issn
1361-6560journal_volume
48pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract：:In this paper we describe a method for quantitative photoacoustic tomography (qPAT) based on the photon radiative transfer equation (RTE) coupled with the Helmholtz photoacoustic wave equation. Considerable simulations and tissue-like phantom experiments are conducted to evaluate transport-based qPAT in comparison wit...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/55/7/009
更新日期：2010-04-07 00:00:00
abstract：:A method for quantifying the tissue sodium concentration (TSC) in the rat brain from ²³Na-MR images was developed. TSC is known to change in a variety of common human diseases and holds considerable potential to contribute to their study; however, its accurate measurement in small laboratory animals has been hindered ...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/55/24/019
更新日期：2010-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent research has suggested that endothelialization of vascular stents is crucial to reducing the risk of late stent thrombosis. With a resolution of approximately 10 microm, optical coherence tomography (OCT) may be an appropriate imaging modality for visualizing the vascular response to a stent and measuring the p...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/53/12/001
更新日期：2008-06-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Subharmonic contrast imaging promises to improve ultrasound-imaging quality by taking advantage of an increased contrast to tissue signal. However, acoustic pressures beyond the subharmonic generation threshold using common ultrasound pulses may induce significant contrast microbubble destruction. In this work, a chir...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/52/18/005
更新日期：2007-09-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of a novel non-coplanar-arc optimization algorithm (CyberArc). This method aims to reduce the delivery time of conventional CyberKnife treatments by allowing for continuous beam delivery. CyberArc uses a 4 step optimization strategy, in which nodes, beams, and c...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1361-6560/aa6f92
更新日期：2017-06-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The electromagnetic spectrum contains different frequency bands useful for medical imaging and therapy. Short wavelengths (ionizing radiation) are commonly used for radiological and radionuclide imaging and for cancer radiation therapy. Intermediate wavelengths (optical radiation) are useful for more localized imaging...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1088/1361-6560/aaf4de
更新日期：2019-02-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this work is to model electron contamination in clinical photon beams and to commission the source model using measured data for Monte Carlo treatment planning. In this work, a planar source is used to represent the contaminant electrons at a plane above the upper jaws. The source size depends on the di...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/49/12/013
更新日期：2004-06-21 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper we describe measurements of the contrast transfer function, modulation transfer function and point-spread function of an optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging system through scattering layers having a dimension-less scattering depth over the range 0.2-6.9. The results were found to be insensitive to...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/56/9/014
更新日期：2011-05-07 00:00:00
abstract：:We extend the theory of three-dimensional (3D) tomographic intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). The geometry consists of two-dimensional modulated beams on a sphere centred in the tumour. The theory provides an efficient algorithm for computing beam modulation patterns that approximately 'reconstruct' the pre...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/47/5/306
更新日期：2002-03-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Monte Carlo (MC) algorithms are recognized as the most accurate methodology for patient dose assessment. For intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) delivered with dynamic multileaf collimators (DMLCs), accurate dose calculation, even with MC, is challenging. Accurate IMRT MC dose calculations require inclusion o...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/47/17/312
更新日期：2002-09-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The Hug-Kellerer (H-K) equation is one of the earliest proposed radiation cell survival curves. We examine this equation in view of the recent perceived need for a universal cell survival curve which would be applicable to single radiation fractions at high doses. We derive relationships between the three parameters o...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/55/10/N01
更新日期：2010-05-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Various forms of GAFChromic film have been used for several years as radiographic media for measuring dose distributions of brachytherapy sources and small radiation fields. Upon irradiation the film changes colour and darkens with time post-irradiation. The darkening is most rapid in the first 24 h, and it has been s...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/001
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dependence of boron-dose enhancer (BDE) characteristics on dose protocol and 10B concentration was evaluated for BNCT using near-threshold 7Li(p,n)7Be direct neutrons. The treatable protocol depth (TPD) was utilized as an evaluation index. MCNP calculations were performed for near-threshold 7Li(p,n)7Be at a proton...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/50/1/013
更新日期：2005-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The significance of accurate knowledge of background optical properties and time-resolved information in reconstructing images of hemodynamic changes in the neonatal brain from diffuse optical imaging data was studied using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. A segmented anatomical magnetic resonance (MR) image and literatur...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/54/3/005
更新日期：2009-02-07 00:00:00
abstract：:In this work, we investigate longitudinal sampling and aliasing effects in multi-slice helical CT. We demonstrate that longitudinal aliasing can be a significant, complicated, and potentially detrimental effect in multi-slice helical CT reconstructions. Multi-slice helical CT scans are generally undersampled longitudi...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/47/15/318
更新日期：2002-08-07 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we investigate light penetration into skin in order to define the optimal wavelength for the treatment of port wine stains. A two-layer model (epidermis and dermis) is applied with a cylindric tube representing the ectatic blood vessel. Light propagation is calculated by the Monte Carlo method. Values fo...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/40/10/001
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The theory of task-based assessment of image quality is reviewed in the context of imaging with ionizing radiation, and objective figures of merit (FOMs) for image quality are summarized. The variation of the FOMs with the task, the observer and especially with the mean number of photons recorded in the image is discu...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/60/2/R1
更新日期：2015-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Silicon diodes have good spatial resolution, which makes them advantageous over ionization chambers for dosimetry in fields with high dose gradients. However, silicon diodes overrespond to low-energy photons, that are more abundant in scatter which increase with large fields and larger depths. We present a cavity-theo...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/54/20/007
更新日期：2009-10-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this work is to develop a validated Geant4 simulation model of a whole-body prototype PET scanner constructed from the four-layer depth-of-interaction detectors developed at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Japan. T...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1361-6560/abaa24
更新日期：2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last decade, the performance of benchtop x-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) systems has been significantly enhanced through hardware and software optimizations. Recent studies have indicated the need of energy-resolving pixelated/array detectors in the x-ray detection component to further improve t...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1361-6560/ab9774
更新日期：2020-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:This work applies a previously developed analytical algorithm to the reconstruction problem in a rotating multi-segment slant-hole (RMSSH) SPECT system. The RMSSH collimator has greater detection efficiency than the parallel-hole collimator with comparable spatial resolution at the expense of limited common volume-of-...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/54/13/024
更新日期：2009-07-07 00:00:00
abstract：:A theoretical analysis and numerical solutions are presented for viscosity-dominated flow through a uniform, highly distensible tube with a slit-shaped cross section undergoing peristalsis. At flow rates below an intrinsic upper limit to the peristaltic carrying capacity of the tube, provided that there is always at l...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/32/7/002
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper presents a method to experimentally validate the beam quality correction factors (kQ) tabulated in IAEA TRS-398 for proton beams and to determine the kQ of non-tabulated ionization chambers (based on the already tabulated values). The method is based exclusively on ionometry and it consists in comparing the...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/60/8/3207
更新日期：2015-04-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Picking geometrically relevant atlases from the whole training set is crucial to multi-atlas based image segmentation, especially with extensive data of heterogeneous quality in the Big Data era. Unfortunately, there is very limited understanding of how currently used image similarity criteria reveal geometric relevan...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/61/11/4223
更新日期：2016-06-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence that some lung tumors change shape during respiration is derived from respiratory gated CT data by statistical shape modeling and image manipulation. Some tumors behave as rigid objects while others show systematic shape changes. Two views of lung motion are presented to allow analysis of the results. In the ...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/57/4/919
更新日期：2012-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Dynamic PET image reconstruction is a challenging issue due to the low SNR and the large quantity of spatio-temporal data. We propose a robust state-space image reconstruction (SSIR) framework for activity reconstruction in dynamic PET. Unlike statistically-based frame-by-frame methods, tracer kinetic modeling is inco...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/56/8/010
更新日期：2011-04-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Four-dimensional (4D) methods strive to achieve highly conformal radiotherapy, particularly for lung and breast tumours, in the presence of respiratory-induced motion of tumours and normal tissues. Four-dimensional radiotherapy accounts for respiratory motion during imaging, planning and radiation delivery, and requir...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/48/1/304
更新日期：2003-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：:At certain frequencies, when the human head becomes a resonant structure, the power absorbed by the head and neck, when the body is exposed to a vertically polarized plane wave propagating from front to back, becomes significantly larger than would ordinarily be expected from its shadow cross section. This has possibl...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/43/8/026
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monitoring the spatio-temporal characteristics of microcirculation is crucial for studying the functional activities of biotissue and the mechanism of disease. However, conventional methods used to measure blood flow suffer from limited spatial resolution or the injection of exogenous substances or the need of scannin...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/49/7/020
更新日期：2004-04-07 00:00:00
abstract：:A comprehensive set of measurements and calculations has been conducted to investigate the accuracy of the Dose Planning Method (DPM) Monte Carlo code for electron beam dose calculations in heterogeneous media. Measurements were made using 10 MeV and 50 MeV minimally scattered, uncollimated electron beams from a racet...
journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/0031-9155/47/11/301
更新日期：2002-06-07 00:00:00
