Abstract：
:Nematodes are useful organisms for aquatic and soil toxicity testing because of their abundance and diversity as well as their ease of culturing and maintenance in the laboratory. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been used extensively in toxicity testing, but its sensitivity to metal exposures in relation to other nematodes remains unclear. In this study, we compare the sensitivity and ease of use of two other rhabditid nematodes, Panagrellus redivivus and Pristionchus pacificus, to C. elegans. Toxicity endpoints were chosen to investigate the effects of Cu on the survival of these nematodes after soil exposures and on the survival, reproduction, movement, and feeding behavior of nematodes after exposures in aquatic medium. In all lethality testing, P. pacificus was the most sensitive, C. elegans exhibited intermediate sensitivity, and P. redivivus was the least sensitive. Reproduction and movement of C. elegans and reproduction of P. pacificus were decreased 50% by similar concentrations of Cu (EC50s approximately 2 mg/L), but P. pacificus movement was less sensitive to Cu exposures (EC50 = 8 mg/L). Although all nematodes may be useful in lethality assays, using P. redivivus in toxicity tests is complicated by the presence of two sexes and difficulties in obtaining age-synchronized cultures. Pristionchus pacificus is an ideal acute toxicity-testing organism because of its sensitivity and ease of culturing. However, C. elegans appears to be more sensitive and therefore most useful in behavioral assays. Future studies of the relative sensitivities of nematodes in toxicity testing should continue to investigate additional toxicants, nematode species, and quantifications of sublethal effects after soil exposures.
journal_name
Environ Toxicol Chemjournal_title
Environmental toxicology and chemistryauthors
Boyd WA,Williams PLdoi
10.1897/02-573subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-11-01 00:00:00pages
2768-74issue
11eissn
0730-7268issn
1552-8618journal_volume
22pub_type
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