Cortical and brainstem control of locomotion.

abstract：:The rat subcommissural organ (SCO), which forms the roof of the third ventricle is an adequate model to study certain mechanisms of neuron-glia interactions in vivo. The ependymocytes, the main component of the SCO, have a glial origin. They possess particular phenotypic characteristics: they accumulate [3H]GABA by a ...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Didier-Bazes M,Chouaf L,Hardin H,Aguera M,Voutsinos B,Belin MF

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The therapeutic potential of stem cells for regeneration after cerebral lesion has become of great interest. This is particularly so for neurodegenerative diseases as well as for stroke. Contrary to more conventional, cerebroprotective treatment approaches, the focus of regeneration lies in a longer time window during...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Adamczak J,Hoehn M

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Swallowing is an essential function in our daily life; nevertheless, stroke or other neurodegenerative diseases can cause the malfunction of swallowing function, ie, dysphagia. The objectives of this review are to understand the neural and cortical basis of swallowing and tongue, and review the latest techniques on th...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Yang H,Ang KK,Wang C,Phua KS,Guan C

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantitative models of the oculomotor plant and control of the saccadic eye movement system are presented in this chapter. Oculomotor plant models described here are linear, including a second-order model by Westheimer (1954), Bahill et al. (1980) and Enderle et al. (2000). The model of the saccade generator is initia...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Enderle JD

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This chapter reviews research that focuses on the effects of emotionality of single words, and of simple phrases, on event-related brain potentials when these are presented visually in various tasks. In these studies, presentation of emotionally evocative language material has consistently elicited a late (c. 300-600 ...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Fischler I,Bradley M

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The organization of key molecules at glutamatergic synapses in the rat cerebellar cortex as analyzed by high resolution immunocytochemical techniques using gold particles as markers. The distinct compartmentation of glutamate and glutamine was consistent with biochemical data indicating an active role of glia in the r...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Ottersen OP,Chaudhry FA,Danbolt NC,Laake JH,Nagelhus EA,Storm-Mathisen J,Torp R

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complex migrations of neurons born in the dorsal neural tube of the isthmic and rhombomere l (rl) domains complicate the delineation of the cerebellar primordium. We show that Purkinje cells (P) are likely generated over a wide territory before gathering in the future cerebellar primordium under the developing ext...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Narboux-Nême N,Louvi A,Alexandre P,Wassef M

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Objects have specific cognitive attributes, elicit particular visuo-motor responses, and require visual processes beyond primary visual cortex to combine information over extended regions as a basis for the segmentation and integration of visual objects. As well as segmentation, the assignment of region boundaries to ...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Braddick O,Atkinson J

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The visual system is tied to the retina. Because the eyes move in the orbit, and the head moves on the body, accurate location of an object in extrapersonal space cannot simply result from a visual signal. Instead, the retinal signal must be combined with an estimate of where the eyes are in the orbit, and where the h...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Zhang M,Wang X,Goldberg ME

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammals, the circadian system is composed of the central clock in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and of peripheral clocks that are located in other neural structures and in cells of the peripheral tissues and organs. In adults, the system is hierarchically organized so that the central clock provides the o...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Sumova A,Sladek M,Polidarova L,Novakova M,Houdek P

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concerted efforts are realizing cell-based therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). In this chapter, I describe efforts at the Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University. These efforts use induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as donor cells. The iPSCs were established as human leukocyte antig...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Takahashi J

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological disorder that can affect any individual at a given instance. Current treatment options for SCI include the use of high dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate, a corticosteroid, surgical interventions to stabilize and decompress the spinal cord, intensive m...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Baptiste DC,Fehlings MG

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) participate in a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes in the nervous system. nNOS was originally felt to be a constitutively expressed enzyme, but recent observations suggest that its levels are dynamically controlled in response to neuronal development, plasticity and ...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Dawson TM,Sasaki M,Gonzalez-Zulueta M,Dawson VL

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The description of a biological system using a mathematical model is the most effective means to specify the functioning of a quantitative hypothesis, providing at the same time the ability to make predictions that can be further tested experimentally. The Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR), and more generally the ocular m...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Ramat S

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We review neural connections of the superior colliculus (SC) and brainstem saccade-related neurons in relation to saccade generation mechanism. The caudal and rostral SC play a role in saccade generation and visual fixation, respectively. This functional differentiation suggests that different connections should exist...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Shinoda Y,Takahashi M,Sugiuchi Y

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The BBB is a target for some peptide signals, as demonstrated by our group for arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and atriopeptin (ANP). Peptide molecules contacting the luminal surface of endothelial cells interact with specific high-affinity binding sites. The minimal simple diffusion of peptide molecules across the layer o...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Ermisch A

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This chapter describes current findings from the research into postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) following cardiac and non-cardiac surgery in older adults. The evidence suggests that a significant proportion of patients show POCD in the early weeks following surgery and anesthesia. Specific domains of cogniti...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Caza N,Taha R,Qi Y,Blaise G

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increasing evidence that human cognitive functions can be addressed from a robust neuroscience perspective. In particular, the distributed coherent electrical properties of central neuronal ensembles are considered to be a promising avenue of inquiry concerning global brain functions. The intrinsic oscillator...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Ribary U

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intron-specific probes measure heteronuclear RNA (hnRNA) levels and thus approximate the transcription rates of genes, in part because of the rapid turnover of this intermediate form of RNA in the cell nucleus. Previously, we used oxytocin (Oxt)- and vasopressin (Avp)- intron-specific riboprobes to measure changes in ...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Scordalakes EM,Yue C,Gainer H

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The noradrenergic (NA) afferent projection to the cerebellar cortex, which originates mainly from the locus coeruleus (LC), may act on the target neurons by utilizing both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors. Experiments performed in decerebrate cats have shown that unilateral injection into the vermal cortex of the cerebel...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Andre P,d'Ascanio P,Pompeiano O

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a common comorbidity in patients with the metabolic syndrome, a concurrence of cardiovascular risk factors in one individual. While multiple growth factors and adipokines are identified in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as neurotrophins implicated in both ...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Chaldakov GN,Fiore M,Stankulov IS,Manni L,Hristova MG,Antonelli A,Ghenev PI,Aloe L

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter system provides fundamental modulatory regulation of the limbic-corticostriatal circuitry known to be vital in the development of addiction as well as the aspects of addiction that hinder recovery and contribute to relapse. Thus, components of the 5-HT system may provide novel tar...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Bubar MJ,Cunningham KA

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hand preference is a sensorimotor skill whose development both reflects and promotes the development of hemispheric lateralization for manual and cognitive functions. Extensive comparative, crosscultural, and paleoanthropological evidence demonstrates the prevalence of limb lateralized preferences across vertebrate sp...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Michel GF,Babik I,Nelson EL,Campbell JM,Marcinowski EC

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the target article, Hardy and colleagues provided an incisive analysis of retrospectively reported psychosocial factors associated with the development and careers of 32 former athletes from Olympic sports. They found that Super-Elite athletes ("serial" medal winners at major international championships, i.e., Worl...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Gucciardi DF

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:John Bell, brother-surgeon of Charles Bell, was, like Charles, an outstanding surgeon and a good artist. John was one of the few who illustrated his work with their own drawings in the days before audiovisual aids were available and without the benefit of reliable drawing aids, photography and computer-aided design. C...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Gardner-Thorpe C

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo functional imaging has provided objective evidence for the integration and function of nigral grafts in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease. Clinical trials with the use of positron emission tomography have shown that transplants of human dopamine-rich fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue can survive...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Politis M,Piccini P

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system undergoes dramatic morphological plasticity in response to physiological activation during parturition/lactation and dehydration, including somatic swelling, decreased glial coverage and increased synaptic innervation of the magnocellular neuroendocrine cells. Recent in-vitro e...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Tasker JG,Di S,Boudaba C

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to silence, in a temporally precise fashion, the electrical activity of specific neurons embedded within intact brain tissue, is important for understanding the role that those neurons play in behaviors, brain disorders, and neural computations. "Optogenetic" silencers, genetically encoded molecules that, ...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Chow BY,Han X,Boyden ES

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding how action perception, embodiment, and emotion interact is essential for advancing knowledge about how we perceive and interact with each other in a social world. One tool that has proved particularly useful in the past decade for exploring the relationship between perception, action, and affect is dance...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Kirsch LP,Cross ES

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This chapter summarizes the most recent data on the use of the somatostatin analogues (SSAs), octreotide (OCT) and lanreotide for the treatment of patients with pituitary and neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). These two analogues have a high affinity for somatostatin receptor (SSR) sub-types 2 and 5. The major indications ...

journal_title：Progress in brain research

authors： Colao A,Faggiano A,Pivonello R

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00