Abstract:
:This paper describes the effect of HIV prevention intervention among female sex workers in Delhi. Over a 2-year period we found a marked increase in condom use with little increase in HIV seroprevalence. The prevalence of HIV infection did not increase during the study period (1 positive among 701 in 1988 vs 1 positive in 600 in 1990). :HIV infection in India is firmly entrenched mainly among promiscuous heterosexuals and recipients of blood and blood products. Many female prostitutes are infected, with the prevalence of infection rapidly increasing within the subpopulation. Various interventions were therefore launched in different places in India to prevent the further spread of HIV. This study describes the effect of an HIV prevention intervention among female prostitutes in Delhi. An intense HIV awareness campaign was held among female prostitutes in Delhi during April-May 1988 involving group discussion, poster and pamphlet distribution, a short video film, peer counselling, and the counselling of madams, pimps, prostitutes, and young men who pose as prostitutes' husbands to provide emotional and physical security. At baseline, one woman among 701 serotested was identified HIV-seropositive. 5% were aware of HIV/AIDS and 20% used condoms regularly. In 1990, again, only one among 600 serotested was seropositive for HIV. 70%, however, were aware of HIV/AIDS and 50% used condoms regularly; 40% used condoms most of the time.
journal_name
Int J STD AIDSjournal_title
International journal of STD & AIDSauthors
Singh YN,Malaviya ANdoi
10.1177/095646249400500113subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
56-7issue
1eissn
0956-4624issn
1758-1052journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The aim of the work is to describe the occurrence of ocular complications and loss of vision due to herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) in HIV-positive patients who received early antiviral therapy for HZO.This is a post hoc analysis of prospectively collected data.Twenty-four HIV-positive patients with HZO were included...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0956462412472303
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A single-blind randomized follow-up study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of roxithromycin 300 mg once a day compared to doxycycline 200 mg day 1 and 100 mg day 2-10 in the treatment of genital chlamydial infection in men and women and non-specific urethritis (NSU) in men. A total of 211 patients ...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/095646249300400211
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to describe the quality and costs of sexually transmitted disease (STD) case management in urban pharmacies in The Gambia, and explore pharmacy workers' (PWs) willingness to improve the STD care they provide. PWs from 24 registered pharmacies were interviewed in order to collect information on their k...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/0956462011923471
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Late HIV diagnosis in the UK remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In line with British HIV Association recommendations, we implemented routine HIV Screening in Croydon University Hospital Acute Medical Unit in London after an audit in 2011 revealed very high levels of late diagnosis. Our re-audit assessed...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0956462415597346
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to examine the prevalence of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) in the anal and oral mucosa of homosexual men with and without HIV infection and to correlate these findings to CD4+ count and anal cytology. Anal and oral cell samples from 20 HIV-infe...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/0956462991914762
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sexual health services in the Birmingham and Solihull area of the United Kingdom, called Umbrella, has been offering home-based testing for sexually transmitted infections to patients since August 2015. The aim of this service evaluation was to evaluate the uptake, return rate and new diagnosis rates of home-based...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0956462419900461
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Safer conception strategies to reduce the HIV transmission risk include antiretroviral therapy for HIV-positive partners, pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-negative partners, condomless sex limited to fertile periods, and home-based self-insemination. Resistance to taking treatment or cultural concerns may limit uptake...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0956462415604091
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over a 13-year period non-gonococcal neisseriae (NGN) were isolated from 114 of 88,670 patients (0.13%) screened for anogenital gonorrhoea at a Genitourinary Medicine Unit. During the same period there were approximately 9000 anogenital gonococcal infections (10%). The prevalence of NGN was 0.09% (27/31,500) in women,...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/095646249300400103
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis is an uncommon cancer, though in one study it accounted for 90% of all penile cancers. Its association with balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) is a rare though recognized occurrence. We describe a case of a 46-year-old Caucasian male who first presented to our open-access clinic w...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/095646206775455658
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pthiriasis palpebrarum caused by infestation with Pthirus pubis (crab louse) draws attention to pediculosis in the pubic and inguinal region. As pthiriasis is usually transmitted by sexual contact, many cases are likely to have other sexually transmitted diseases. A multidisciplinary approach is essential in the manag...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/095646206777323445
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prompt and effective treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) may reduce the risk of complications such as infertility, ectopic pregnancy and pelvic pain. We conducted a national audit to investigate the treatment of women diagnosed with PID and associated rates of partner notification in genitourinary (GU) ...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/ijsa.2011.011183
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed if gender and ethnicity were associated with differences in the number of patients satisfactorily treated and number of partners successfully treated for genital gonococcal infection by reviewing 400 cases. There were no differences in the rates of satisfactory treatment of gonorrhoea between men and women...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/0956462053654159
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 48-year-old woman with HIV infection developed Cushingoid features while she was taking ritonavir-boosted darunavir. Cushing's syndrome was confirmed due to the drug interaction between ritonavir and budesonide. Diagnosis of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome in HIV-positive patients who are on ritonavir-boosted protease...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/ijsa.2011.011408
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is much more frequent in patients acquiring HIV infection via the sexual route. Epidemiological studies have confirmed the likely involvement of a sexually acquired cofactor in the pathogenesis of this form of KS. We have formulated a set of postulates, epidemiological and experim...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/095646249500600609
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two appetite stimulants, megestrol acetate and cyproheptadine were administered in a randomized trial to 14 patients who had no evidence of opportunistic infection or malabsorption but were wasted (had lost more than 5 kg body weight) as a result of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Energy intakes were cal...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/095646249200300409
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::South Africa has a massive burden of HIV and alcohol disease, and these pandemics are inextricably linked. Much evidence indicates that alcohol independently influences decisions around sex, and undermines skills for condom negotiation and correct use. Thus, not surprisingly, people with problem drinking in Africa hav...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1258/ijsa.2000.009432
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective was to comprehensively assess the prevalence of condom-use errors and problems among male clients attending a public sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic. Men (n = 278) attending an STD clinic completed an anonymous questionnaire. Seven errors and six problems were assessed. Summative scores were te...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/ijsa.2007.007103
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study sought to determine IgA, IgG antibodies to Candida albicans in whole saliva and serum from HIV-infected patients and to compare them to a group of healthy controls. The study population consisted of 34 HIV-infected individuals free of any other systemic diseases and thirty healthy controls. IgA concentratio...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/095646202760029787
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Danish male military recruits (n = 388) were included in a follow-up study to investigate the prevalence and persistence of asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Urine specimens were collected at enrolment and after approximately six months. C. trachomatis was detected by polymerase chain reaction (Amplicor, ...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/095646202762226100
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A review of published and unpublished data indicates the prevalence of high-risk behaviours for HIV transmission in segments of the Bangladeshi population. These include casual unprotected sex, heterosexual as well as between males, prior to and after marriage. Intravenous drug use (IVDU) exists though illicit drugs a...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/0956462991913862
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risk factors for HIV infection in partners of HIV-seropositive index cases were investigated in a cross-sectional survey. Between September 1992 and April 1994 a total of 251 HIV-infected persons and 76 of their sexual partners were interviewed at the main sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) clinic in Trinidad. All p...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/0956462981921918
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to analyse reasons for attendance of older women (defined as aged 46 years and over) to genitourinary (GU) medicine services at two UK clinics. We used KC60 coding data to count new episode attendances by year from 1998 to 2008 and to further dissect reason for attendance in 2827 new episodes during 2003-200...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/ijsa.2012.011426
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We characterized HIV-1 subtypes among 204 persons newly diagnosed with HIV in Ontario from 2003 to 2005 using samples from the Canadian HIV Strain and Drug Resistance Surveillance Program. We examined HIV-1 subtype by demographic characteristics and exposure category, and determined independent predictors of infection...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/ijsa.2009.009303
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-infected women have a high prevalence of abnormal Papanicolaou smears and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. A multiparametric analysis of epidemiological and behavioural risk factors has been performed in a cohort of 204 HIV-infected women in an outpatient clinic with the aim to investigate risk factors associat...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/0956462971920316
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in HIV patients has fallen markedly since the introduction of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, current guidelines still recommend primary prophylaxis. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in a university-affiliated hospital ...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0956462417713432
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between June 1996-September 1997 and December 1998-December 1999, two surveys using an anonymous questionnaire were carried out in Europe among persons living with HIV infection. The questionnaire included questions on use of antiretrovirals, complementary or alternative medicines. Vitamins/minerals were taken by 528 ...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/095646203322387929
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined treatment-seeking behaviours amongst a consecutive sample of 188 first-time attenders at a busy genitourinary (GU) clinic in a general hospital. Participants were interviewed and completed a battery of questionnaires prior to receiving diagnosis or treatment. Delay in treatment seeking was measured in 3 wa...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/0956462001916083
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the genitourinary medicine clinic setting, the most practical and widely used method of diagnosing Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) is direct microscopy of a wet mount preparation (WMP) of a sample taken from the posterior vaginal fornix. We retrospectively reviewed the potential impact of further limiting WMP to women w...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/095646207781024892
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bowenoid papulosis is a pre-malignant condition affecting the ano-genital area. Pathogenesis may be associated with high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes, and sexual transmission is the most likely mode of acquisition. Risk of progression to invasive disease is low. Treatment usually involves locally destructive or...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/0956462042563774
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although important, the foreskin is not absolutely essential to penile function. Dysfunction is common and a cause of considerable morbidity, and is sometimes associated with mortality from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Penile dermatoses herald, complicate or cause preputial dysfunction. Their effective diagnosis and...
journal_title:International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1258/0956462011922922
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00