Abstract：
STUDY OBJECTIVE:To gather preliminary data on the safety and efficacy of IV magnesium in a rat model of hydrofluoric acid burns. MODEL:Forty-seven anesthetized male rats (200 to 300 g) received a standardized burn with 52% hydrofluoric acid. INTERVENTIONS:Animals were anesthetized with 30 to 50 mg/kg ketamine IM and 1 to 3 mg/kg xylazine IM. A standardized chemical burn was created by topical application of 52% hydrofluoric acid. The rats were divided into four treatment groups: group 1 received no treatment; group 2 received intradermal injection of 10% calcium gluconate; group 3 received 80 mg/kg MgSO4 IV; and group 4 received 160 mg/kg MgSO4 IV. After the rats were killed, the burn lesions were excised and examined by a pathologist to determine the grade of burn (which was equal to the clinical degree of burn). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Microscopic examination of the burns revealed differences among the four groups. Five of 13 group 1 rats (37%) died within 24 hours of burn initiation. Of group 1 survivors, 50% had grade 2 burns, and the other 50% had grade 3 burns. In group 2, eight of 11 rats (73%) had grade 3 burns. Twenty-five percent of group 3 rats (three of 12) had grade 3 burns, and only 9% of group 4 rats (one of 11) had grade 3 burns. Only the difference in the rates of grade 3 burns for groups 2 and 4 was statistically significant. Although not statistically significant, burns in groups 3 and 4 tended to be smaller in diameter than burns in groups 1 and 2. CONCLUSION:High-dose IV magnesium sulfate reduces the severity of hydrofluoric acid burn compared with conventional intradermal calcium gluconate therapy. Early deaths appeared to be prevented by both calcium and magnesium therapies.
journal_name
Ann Emerg Medjournal_title
Annals of emergency medicineauthors
Williams JM,Hammad A,Cottington EC,Harchelroad FCdoi
10.1016/s0196-0644(94)70064-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-03-01 00:00:00pages
464-9issue
3eissn
0196-0644issn
1097-6760pii
a53100journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Communication at discharge is an important part of high-quality emergency department (ED) care. This review describes the existing literature on patient understanding and implementation of discharge instructions, discusses previous interventions aimed at improving the discharge process, and recommends best practices a...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.10.023
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:We seek to describe the medical history and clinical findings of patients attending the emergency department (ED) with suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and estimate the diagnostic accuracy of patients' characteristics for predicting COVID-19. METHODS:We prospectively enrolled all patients ...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.05.022
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abruptio placentae is a complication of pregnancy associated with significant morbidity and mortality for both fetus and mother. The presence of uterine pain and tenderness traditionally has been considered a useful criterion for distinguishing abruptio placentae from other causes of bleeding in pregnancy. We report t...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(05)81040-6
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:In 2001, less than 20% of emergency medicine residents had more than $150,000 of educational debt. Our emergency medicine residents anecdotally reported much larger debt loads. Surveys have reported that debt affects career and life choices. Qualitative approaches are well suited to explore how and why ...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.04.013
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Midazolam is widely used for procedural sedation and analgesia. Etomidate has been studied mostly in adults. Our objective is to compare the efficacy of etomidate and midazolam for achieving procedural sedation and analgesia in children. METHODS:A randomized, double-blind, emergency department and orth...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.03.004
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Niacin (vitamin B3) is promoted for rapidly clearing the body of drugs of abuse, such as cocaine and cannabis, and is alleged to interfere with urine drug screening. We present 4 cases of such novel use associated with significant adverse effects. Two cases had isolated skin manifestations, whereas the other 2 present...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.01.014
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Descriptive statistics include measures of central tendency and variability. Measures of central tendency include mean, median, and mode. The mean is the arithmetic average of data from interval or ratio scales. The median reflects the 50th percentile score. The mode is the most frequently occurring value of a data di...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(05)82052-9
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The resuscitation of a patient with failure of a permanent artificial pacemaker is described. A mechanically inactive heart showed a variety of ineffective rhythms, and dissociation could not be overcome by drug therapy. The urgent need for artificial pacing presented problems that eventually were overcome. The time r...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(85)81036-2
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:We compare the performance of a wrist blood pressure oscillometer with the mercury standard in the triage process of an emergency department (ED) and evaluate the impact of wrist blood pressure measurement on triage decision. METHODS:Blood pressure was successively measured with the standard mercury sp...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.12.007
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:TSS is a recently described acute febrile illness characterized by hypotension, rash, desquamation, and multisystemic involvement. While most common in menstruating women, TSS also occurs in men and non-menstruating women. It is now known that the disease is caused by one or more toxins produced by the S aureus organi...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(88)80121-5
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine if hypertonic saline/dextran (HSD) is effective in treating hemorrhage in the presence of dehydration. DESIGN:After surgical preparation, swine were euhydrated or dehydrated for 24 or 48 hours. Animals were bled 25 mL/kg over 60 minutes and treated with HSD. SETTING:Laboratory. PARTICIPA...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(05)80143-x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Previous studies have suggested that serum markers of smooth muscle destruction have utility in predicting ectopic pregnancy. Our goal was to determine whether a novel marker of muscle destruction, smooth muscle heavy-chain myosin (SMHC), is elevated in the serum of patients with ectopic pregnancy. MET...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mem.2000.109104
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Admixture of erythrocytes (packed red blood cells) with heated saline solutions may provide a faster and safer method of bloodwarming and infusion than is currently available. We developed and tested such a system for ease and efficacy. One-day-old aliquots of erythrocytes (6 to 10 C) were combined with equal amounts ...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(87)80362-1
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:First-responding emergency medical technicians (EMTs) trained to defibrillate have been shown to increase survival from prehospital ventricular fibrillation (VF) almost fourfold in Washington's King County. Using Nebraska ambulance rescue run data from 1982 and published information relating ambulance response time to...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(84)80331-5
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:We characterize repeat pediatric emergency department visits and determine the cause for such visits as an indicator of potential need for quality improvement. We hypothesized that most repeat ED visits resulting in hospitalization do not represent medical errors. METHODS:The study was performed at a l...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mem.2002.116595
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the clinical efficacy and safety of IV adenosine administration in the field for the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). DESIGN:Prospective, consecutive case series. SETTING:An urban emergency medical services system. PARTICIPANTS:Thirty-seven adult patients in w...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(05)82650-2
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the effects of early fluid resuscitation on the rate, volume, and duration of hemorrhage using a sheep model of uncontrolled pulmonary vascular hemorrhage. METHODS:Sixteen adult sheep were anesthetized and fitted with catheters to measure systemic and pulmonary artery pressures. A branch o...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(97)70352-4
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the potential for cardiovascular toxicity from severe oral phenytoin overdose. STUDY POPULATION:Fifty-seven patients admitted during a two-year period to an inner-city hospital for severe oral phenytoin overdose, which is defined as a peak level of 40 micrograms/mL or more. METHODS:Case re...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(05)81604-x
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Inflammation plays an important role in acute coronary syndromes, and some evidence indicates that patients with a more pronounced vascular inflammatory response have a poorer outcome. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) is a specific marker for vascular endothelial cell activation. The ...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mem.2001.117199
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To be able to adhere to discharge instructions after a visit to the emergency department (ED), patients should understand both the care that they received and their discharge instructions. The objective of this study is to assess, at discharge, patients' comprehension of their ED care and instructions a...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.05.016
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the hypothesis that modern computed tomographic (CT) imaging is sufficient to exclude subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in patients with severe headache. METHODS:All 38,730 adult patients who presented to Hermann Hospital in Houston, Texas, during a 16-month period were prospectivel...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the compliance of emergency department health care workers with barrier precaution policies adapted from the Centers for Disease Control's "Recommendations for Prevention of HIV Transmission in Health-Care Settings." One hundred sixty-nine health care worker encounters with 97 patients were observed. O...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(89)80522-0
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 39-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with symptoms of acute knifelike chest pain and was discharged with a diagnosis of musculoskeletal pain syndrome. One day later, she returned with a complaint of persistent chest pain. Physical examination disclosed meningismus, this led to a lumbar puncture an...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(88)80682-6
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a framework for understanding calculations of continuous infusions of vasoactive substances. Several simplified methods for establishing initial concentrations and infusion rates of drug are derived, their applicability is discussed, and examples are given. ...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(83)80418-1
更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical studies on the use of magnesium in acute myocardial infarction have yielded contradictory results. While the exact reasons for these discrepancies are unclear, it appears that the timing of magnesium administration is crucial to the success or failure of therapy. Although some studies have shown a significant...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(94)70248-9
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:We evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an outpatient clinical care pathway for the initial treatment of acute proximal lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) managed by the emergency department of 2 affiliated community hospitals. METHODS:This observa...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mem.2001.113703
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The Utstein guidelines recommend that emergency medical services (EMS)-witnessed cardiac arrests be considered separately from other out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases. The objective of this study was to assess EMS-witnessed cardiac arrest and to determine predictors of survival in this group. METHOD...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0196-0644(00)70133-8
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:There has been increasing attention to screening for health-related social needs. However, little is known about the screening practices of emergency departments (EDs). Within New England, we seek to identify the prevalence of ED screening for health-related social needs, understand the factors associat...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.08.010
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are many infectious causes of fatigue, sore throat, and fever, including mononucleosis and toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasma antibody testing is rarely performed in most emergency departments; as a result, toxoplasmosis is diagnosed infrequently. We obtained Toxoplasma IgG IFA titers on ED patients who had mononucleosis...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0644(89)80575-x
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:We compare 3 methods of hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education, using performance scores. A paucity of research exists on the comparative effectiveness of different types of hands-only CPR education. This study also includes a novel kiosk approach that has not previously been studied, ...
journal_title：Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.09.026
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
