Abstract:
:Hyperactivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is often observed in association with and even prior to the onset of major depression. It is presently unclear (1) which molecular and cellular processes contribute to hyperactivity of parvocellular hypothalamic neurons (key regulators of the HPA system) and (2) how HPA axis hyperactivity can lead to attenuation of central serotonergic transmission, a crucial factor in the onset of clinical symptoms. In an attempt to address these issues in an experimental model we used rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stressors, a paradigm causing prolonged HPA-axis hyperactivity. In the first study spontaneous and evoked GABA-mediated input to parvocellular neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus was recorded with the whole cell patch-clamp technique. The frequency, but not other properties, of spontaneous GABA-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents was reduced after chronic stress, resulting in a reduced amplitude of the evoked GABA current. This potentially would disinhibit parvocellular neurons, provided that other inputs are unchanged. In the second study, responses of CA1 hippocampal neurons to serotonin were recorded with microelectrodes. It appeared that the membrane hyperpolarization caused by activation of serotonin-1A receptors is attenuated in tissue from chronically stressed rats. However, no apparent changes in expression of the serotonin-1A or corticosteroid receptors were observed. This supports the notion that chronic stress eventually results in attenuation of serotonergic responsiveness by a mechanism not involving transcriptional regulation of the receptor. Follow-up studies will need to examine whether treatment with corticosteroid receptor antagonists can normalize the attenuated transmission after chronic stress.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Joëls M,Verkuyl JM,Van Riel Edoi
10.1196/annals.1286.036subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-12-01 00:00:00pages
367-78eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
1007pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::This paper explores aspects of the role that laboratory instruments have played in establishing psychology as a science. Comparisons of earlier instruments with their more modern counterparts indicate that many problems and methods still of interest today were explored in the laboratories of psychology's pioneers. Suc...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb47336.x
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depressive disorders are associated with significant psychosocial impairment and disability. Depression should be thoroughly evaluated, as should current and past suicidality and potential risk factors for suicide. Mortality by suicide characterizes the course of major affective disorders in approximately 15% of those...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05795.x
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Healthy CD45 KO mice show a Th2-type cytokine secretion profile in their small intestines. Dietary supplementation with human infant formula induced colitis and a shift toward a Th1-type profile, suggesting that diet can alter cytokine secretion. ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1309.041
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term changes in catecholamine levels and expression of their biosynthetic enzymes are associated with several stress-related disorders such as elevated plasma norepinephrine in posttraumatic stress disorder and increased postmortem tyrosine hydroxylase in the locus coeruleus with major depression. Stress elevates...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1314.010
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relaxin (RLX) has antifibrotic effects in a number of tissues. Many of these effects are similar to those induced by the activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), raising the possibility that a mechanism for RLX's antifibrotic effects may involve activation of the PPARgamma pathway. T...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03808.x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in the development of three different types of antiviral drugs, the nucleotide and non-nucleotide analogues acting as reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and the nonpeptidic viral protease inhibitors (PI), and their introduction in the management of patients with AIDS, either alone or in combinati...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1321.013
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The investigations with the NZB X SWR model show that the development of systemic autoimmune disease is a multistep, multigene process. Severe lupus nephritis in the NZB X SWR hybrids results from the interaction of genes inherited from both the autoimmune NZB and the normal SWR parents. A similar genetic interaction ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb20855.x
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inflammatory response in the lungs following an inhalation exposure of animals and humans to ozone (O3) is associated with macrophage stimulation, release of chemotactic agents, and neutrophilia. This study investigated the adhesive behavior of the alveolar macrophages and its relevance to the inflammatory process...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb32565.x
更新日期:1996-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::The behavior of sadists is bizarre and poorly understood. There are gross endocrine and brain abnormalities in a small number of these men. Approximately two-fifths show subtle temporal lobe brain abnormalities that are logically linked to sexual behavior and require further exploration. It would be interesting to exp...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb50859.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::IRAS, a putative clone of the I(1)-imidazoline receptor, possesses a proline-rich region (PRR) motif, which might interact with SH3 regions on tyrosine kinases, and an integrin-binding motif. Receptors with a PRR motif can generally assemble onto multi-element signaling complexes (eg., the beta(3)-receptor on the EGF ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1304.055
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The receptive field of a direction-selective unit of any type consists of an excitatory center 3 degrees -5 degrees in size, a near inhibitory surround and a far surround upon which illumination exerts an influence for both spontaneous activity and specific cell response. ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1342.057
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In two experiments, musically trained and untrained adults were tested on their ability to match spoken utterances with their tonal analogues (tone sequences that retained the pitch and temporal patterns of the utterances). In both cases, musical training was associated with superior performance, indicating an enhance...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1284.067
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an increasingly popular noninvasive neuromodulatory tool in the fields of cognitive and clinical neuroscience and psychiatry. It is an inexpensive, painless, and safe brain-stimulation technique that has proven to be effective in modulating cognitive and sensory-percep...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.13098
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty female imago of Haemaphysalis concinnae ticks collected from wild vegetation in May of 2001 in the Obor region near Khabarovsk in the Russian Far East were studied. DNA was extracted with commercially available kits following manufacturer's instructions. We used broad range primers SFG3 and SFG6 proposed for am...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07367.x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports the experimental and theoretical investigations of forced liquid flows through open capillary channels under reduced gravity conditions. An open capillary channel is a structure that establishes a liquid flow path at low Bond numbers, when the capillary pressure caused by the surface tension force d...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1362.031
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The NFkappaB factor Bcl-3 influences the survival of T cells when they are activated to take part in immune responses. Because treatment of mice with adjuvant results in the increased expression of Bcl-3 in T cells, where it has survival-promoting effects, Bcl-3 may be an important, limiting factor that is supplied to...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb05947.x
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this chapter we examine whether rapists are sexually aroused by coercive, nonconsensual sex. This question is theoretically important because it speaks to a potential sexual motivation underlying rape. It is also clinically important in that it may reveal an important assessment and treatment target. We first revis...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07307.x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human ABO(H) blood group phenotypes arise from the evolutionarily oldest genetic system found in primate populations. While the blood group antigen A is considered the ancestral primordial structure, under the selective pressure of life-threatening diseases blood group O(H) came to dominate as the most frequently ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.13694
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The research presented at this conference, including a series of excellent posters from junior investigators, documents the pervasive importance of affiliation and other social behaviors. Affiliative behaviors interact with, but are distinct from reproductive and aggressive behaviors. Patterns of social behaviors tend...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51909.x
更新日期:1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The Ras proteins, which regulate intracellular signaling by a cyclic process involving interconversion between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states, play an essential role in controlling the activity of several crucial signaling pathways regulating normal cellular proliferation. Mutational activation of RAS ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1329.007
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To identify factors regulating neurogenesis and programmed cell death in mouse olfactory epithelium (OE), and to determine the mechanisms by which these factors act, we have studied mouse OE using two major experimental paradigms: tissue culture of embryonic OE and cell types isolated from it; and ablation of the olfa...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10571.x
更新日期:1998-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::This preliminary study describes effects of two pharmacologic agents on erythrocyte behavior. Increased erythrocyte aggregation has been proposed as important in the pathogenesis of a number of disorders, but the exact mechanism by which it plays a role in disease production remains unclear. Several anionic amphophile...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb35216.x
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, cell-free fetal DNA has been found in maternal plasma and serum. This discovery opens up a new field of investigation and provides an easily accessible source of fetal genetic material for prenatal diagnosis. Prenatal diagnostic applications of fetal DNA in maternal plasma include the investigation of sex-li...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06604.x
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evolutionary theory is undergoing an intense period of discussion and reevaluation. This, contrary to the misleading claims of creationists and other pseudoscientists, is no harbinger of a crisis but rather the opposite: the field is expanding dramatically in terms of both empirical discoveries and new ideas. In this ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04578.x
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescence marks the beginning of adult-level cognitive control of behavior supported by the brain maturation processes of synaptic pruning and myelination. Cognitive development studies on adolescence indicate that this period is characterized by improvements in the performance of existing abilities including speed ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1308.035
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liquid diffusion experiments conducted on the MIR space station using the Canadian Space Agency QUELD II processing facility and the microgravity isolation mount (MIM) showed that g-jitter significantly increased the measured solute diffusion coefficients. In some experiments, milli-g forced vibration was superimposed...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.1196/annals.1324.011
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a 28-amino acid peptide that has several functions, including the regulation of water and electrolyte secretion, hormone and cytokine release, bronchodilitation, and neurogenesis. VIP effects are mediated by specific G-protein coupled receptors. Three distinct receptor subtypes, ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06963.x
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acanthamoeba castellanii (A. castellanii) is a common soil- or water-borne protozoon that feeds on bacteria by phagocytosis. A. castellanii can grow between 4 and 32 degrees C and has to adapt quickly to chilling in order to survive. We have identified a Delta12-fatty acid desaturase as key to low temperature adaptati...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1391.025
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most research on reading skill acquisition in deaf individuals has been conducted from the perspective of a hearing child learning to read. This approach may limit our understanding of how a deaf child approaches the task of learning to read and successfully acquires reading skills. An alternative approach is to consi...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1416.013
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, vitamin D has been received increased attention due to the resurgence of vitamin D deficiency and rickets in developed countries and the identification of extraskeletal effects of vitamin D, suggesting unexpected benefits of vitamin D in health and disease, beyond bone health. The possibility of extra...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/nyas.12129
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00