Abstract:
:Sodium spirulan (Na-SP) is a sulfated polysaccharide with M(r) approximately 220,000 isolated from the blue-green alga Spirulina platensis. The polysaccharide consists of two types of disaccharide repeating units, O-hexuronosyl-rhamnose (aldobiuronic acid) and O-rhamnosyl-3-O-methylrhamnose (acofriose) with sulfate groups, other minor saccharides and sodium ion. Since vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is a crucial event in the progression of atherosclerosis, we investigated the effect of Na-SP on the proliferation of bovine arterial smooth muscle cells in culture. It was found that Na-SP markedly inhibits the proliferation without nonspecific cell damage. Either replacement of sodium ion with calcium ion or depolymerization of the Na-SP molecule to M(r) approximately 14,700 maintained the inhibitory activity, however, removal of sodium ion or desulfation markedly reduced the activity. Heparin and heparan sulfate also inhibited vascular smooth muscle cell growth but their effect was weaker than that of Na-SP; dextran sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and hyaluronan failed to inhibit the cell growth. The present data suggest that Na-SP is a potent inhibitor of arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation, and the inhibitory effect requires a certain minimum sequence of polysaccharide structure whose molecular conformation is maintained by sodium ion bound to sulfate group.
journal_name
Life Scijournal_title
Life sciencesauthors
Kaji T,Okabe M,Shimada S,Yamamoto C,Fujiwara Y,Lee JB,Hayashi Tdoi
10.1016/j.lfs.2003.09.061subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-03-26 00:00:00pages
2431-9issue
19eissn
0024-3205issn
1879-0631pii
S0024320503011883journal_volume
74pub_type
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