Abstract:
:Epidemiologic studies report associations between particulate air pollution and cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. Although the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms remain unclear, it has been hypothesized that altered autonomic function and pulmonary/systemic inflammation may play a role. In this study we explored the effects of air pollution on autonomic function measured by changes in heart rate variability (HRV) and blood markers of inflammation in a panel of 88 elderly subjects from three communities along the Wasatch Front in Utah. Subjects participated in multiple sessions of 24-hr ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring and blood tests. Regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between fine particulate matter [aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microm (PM2.5)] and HRV, C-reactive protein (CRP), blood cell counts, and whole blood viscosity. A 100- microg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with approximately a 35 (SE = 8)-msec decline in standard deviation of all normal R-R intervals (SDNN, a measure of overall HRV); a 42 (SE = 11)-msec decline in square root of the mean of the squared differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals (r-MSSD, an estimate of short-term components of HRV); and a 0.81 (SE = 0.17)-mg/dL increase in CRP. The PM2.5-HRV associations were reasonably consistent and statistically robust, but the CRP association dropped to 0.19 (SE = 0.10) after excluding the most influential subject. PM2.5 was not significantly associated with white or red blood cell counts, platelets, or whole-blood viscosity. Most short-term variability in temporal deviations of HRV and CRP was not explained by PM2.5; however, the small statistically significant associations that were observed suggest that exposure to PM2.5 may be one of multiple factors that influence HRV and CRP.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Pope CA 3rd,Hansen ML,Long RW,Nielsen KR,Eatough NL,Wilson WE,Eatough DJdoi
10.1289/ehp.6588subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-03-01 00:00:00pages
339-45issue
3eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
112pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The knowledge of specific problems of occupational cancer in Spain is scarce. The environment of the workplace has improved over the last few years after a long period distinguished by bad working conditions, incomplete legislation, and insufficient safety measures and control. It has been estimated that 3,083,479 wor...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.107-1566267
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although patients with heart failure (HF) have been identified as particularly susceptible to the acute effects of air pollution, the effects of long-term exposure to air pollution on patients with this increasingly prevalent disease are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to examine the mort...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.10918
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on the fate of 14C-labeled vinyl chloride (VC) following oral administration and inhalation exposure in rats demonstrated that the disposition of VC in the body is a function of the dose. More importantly, from the data available, it appears that a correlation exists between doses of VC which cause tumors and ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7617145
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Organophosphates elicit developmental neurotoxicity through multiple mechanisms other than their shared property as cholinesterase inhibitors. Accordingly, these agents may differ in their effects on specific brain circuits. OBJECTIVES:We gave parathion to neonatal rats [postnatal days (PNDs) 1-4], at daily...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11451
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously reported that rats are resilient to the hepatotoxic and lethal combination of chlordecone (CD) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) during early postnatal development. The overall findings pointed to stimulated cell division and tissue repair mechanisms as the underlying cause of resistance. The objectiv...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106597
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article summarizes the basic facts about the measurement of ionizing radiation, usually referred to as radiation dosimetry. The article defines the common radiation quantities and units; gives typical levels of natural radiation and medical exposures; and describes the most important biological effects of radiati...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.919145
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrethroids are important insecticides used in agriculture, forestry, horticulture, and in the home. In humans, they are rapidly metabolized and renally eliminated. In numerous studies, pyrethroid metabolites have been detected in urine after occupational exposure to insecticides. In this study, we used a new, reliabl...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109213
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.9088149
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The impact of prenatal lead exposure on neurodevelopment remains unclear in terms of consistency, the trimester of greatest vulnerability, and the best method for estimating fetal lead exposure. OBJECTIVE:We studied prenatal lead exposure's impact on neurodevelopment using repeated measures of fetal dose as...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9067
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9394
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1289/EHP1612
更新日期:2017-10-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposures to high-dose ionizing radiation and high-dose rate ionizing radiation are established risk factors for childhood acute leukemia (AL). The risk of AL following exposure to lower doses due to natural background radiation (NBR) has yet to be conclusively determined. METHODS:AL cases diagnosed over 19...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP296
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The subchronic inhalation toxicology of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE) was evaluated in rats and rabbits using a 13-week exposure regimen. Groups of 20 rabbits (10 M, 10 F) and 30 rats (15 M, 15 F) were exposed to a vapor of 25 ppm, 100 ppm, or 400 ppm, 6 hr/day, 5 days/week. The control groups received air on...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8457157
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Radon is the second-leading cause of lung cancer worldwide. Most indoor exposure occurs by diffusion of soil gas. Radon is also found in well water, natural gas, and ambient air. Pennsylvania has high indoor radon concentrations; buildings are often tested during real estate transactions, with results report...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1409014
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have shown that female mosquitofish living downstream of a paper mill located on the Fenholloway River, Florida, have masculinized secondary sex characteristics, including altered anal fin development and reproductive behavior. Masculinization can be caused by exposure to androgens in the water or from an alte...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.02110s3429
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The industrial accident that occurred in the town of Seveso, Italy, in 1976 exposed a large population to substantial amounts of relatively pure 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Extensive monitoring of soil levels and measurements of a limited number of human blood samples allowed classification of the exposed pop...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106625
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Reported associations between gestational tobacco exposure and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE:We estimated the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ASDs among children 8 years of age. METHODS:This population-based case-cohort study included 633,989 c...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1104556
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Considerable attention has been given to the relationship between levels of fine particulate matter (particulate matter < or = 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter; PM(2.5) in the atmosphere and health effects in human populations. Since the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency began widespread monitoring of PM(2.5) lev...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.6980
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haloalkane toxicity originates from attack on biological targets by reactive intermediates derived from haloalkane metabolism by a hemoprotein, cytochrome P-450. Carbon-centered radicals and their peroxyl derivatives are most likely involved. The reactions of iron porphyrin--a model for cytochrome P-450--with various ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.856453
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most of the general population is exposed to carbaryl and other contemporary-use insecticides at low levels. Studies of laboratory animals, in addition to limited human data, show an association between carbaryl exposure and decreased semen quality. In the present study we explored whether environmental exposures to 1...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7234
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following our first report on elevated polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations in California women, we expanded our investigation to include diverse groups of local women. We analyzed additional adipose and serum samples collected in the late 1990s from San Francisco Bay Area women participating in a breas...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.6220
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.0901003
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1307259
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between ambient air pollution and adverse health effects, such as emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, has been studied extensively in many countries, including Canada. Recently, studies conducted in China, the Czech Republic, and the Unit...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.6251
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP5838
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were given 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 mg of a commercial polybrominated biphenyl, FireMaster BP-6 (PBB), in olive oil by gavage each day from days 7 through 15 of pregnancy. Laboratory chow and water were given ad libitum. Treatment with PBB had no significant effect on body weight gain, f...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7823295
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although acute adverse effects on asthma have been frequently found for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's principal criteria air pollutants, there is little epidemiologic information on specific hydrocarbons from toxic emission sources. We conducted a panel study of 22 Hispanic children with asthma who were 1...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.5992
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the association between biomarkers of fetal exposure to cigarette smoke at the end of pregnancy, cotinine in cord serum and in maternal and newborn urine samples, and quantitative measurement of smoking intake and exposure evaluated by maternal self-reported questionnaire. Study subjects were 4...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.001081079
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.94102s6209
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies report a small but positive association between short-term increases in airborne particulate matter and small increases in morbidity and mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular disease in urban areas. However, the lack of a mechanistic explanation to link particle exposure and human healt...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106127
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00