Cholesterol confusion in primary prevention of coronary artery disease.

Abstract:

:Despite the impressive relation between an increased blood cholesterol and increased mortality from coronary artery disease and despite the persuasive results of cholesterol-lowering trials in secondary prevention, there are increasing reservations about the wisdom of lowering moderately raised blood cholesterol levels in patients who have no symptoms of coronary artery disease. In particular, there are important differences between total mortality and cardiovascular mortality, and between relative and absolute risks. A policy that may be practiced by clinical cardiologists is proposed. In essence, each patient should be assessed for all the chief cardiovascular risk factors in that particular individual. Primary prevention by cholesterol reduction in the absence of symptoms of coronary artery disease requires very careful judgement and should only be undertaken when there is good evidence that the risk of coronary artery disease can be reduced in absolute terms. For primary prevention to be effective requires that the whole gamut of coronary risk factors should be addressed.

journal_name

Cardiovasc Drugs Ther

authors

Opie LH

doi

10.1007/BF00878930

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1993-11-01 00:00:00

pages

779-84

issue

5

eissn

0920-3206

issn

1573-7241

journal_volume

7

pub_type

社论
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    abstract::Beneficial effects of monotherapy with ACE inhibitors or beta-blockers on hemodynamic function after myocardial infarction are well known. Until now, the effects of combined treatment on cardiac function and energy metabolism have been poorly described. This study examines the effects of combined ramipril and metoprol...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

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    authors: Theres HP,Wagner KD,Romberg D,Feig C,Strube S,Leiterer KP,Günther J,Stangl K,Baumann G,Schimke I

    更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00

  • Differential ability of human endothelial cells to internalize and express exogenous DNA.

    abstract::Vascular endothelium gene expression regulates blood-vessel wall interactions, vascular permeability, smooth muscle cell growth and tone. The possibility to introduce exogenous DNA or RNA sequences in endothelial cells represents a novel therapeutic approach of vascular disease. The aim of the work was to investigate ...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1023/a:1011154616992

    authors: Colombo MG,Citti L,Basta G,De Caterina R,Biagini A,Rainaldi G

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Influence of the new class I antiarrhythmic agent diprafenone on the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (conductance technique).

    abstract::To evaluate cordiodepressive risks of antiarrhythmic treatment with diprafenone, we monitored, in addition to conventional hemodynamic parameters, end-systolic pressure-volume relations to assess potential negative inotropic effects. Thirteen patients underwent hemodynamic analysis with and without the influence of di...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/BF01883858

    authors: Thormann J,Kramer W,Kremer P,Schlepper M

    更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00

  • Use of combined chemotherapy with etoposide and methotrexate, both associated to lipid nanoemulsions for atherosclerosis treatment in cholesterol-fed rabbits.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Treatment of atherosclerotic rabbits with intravenous methotrexate or etoposide carried in lipid nanoemulsions (LDE) markedly reduced the lesions in the aorta. Here, the combined treatment with LDE-methotrexate and LDE-etoposide was investigated aiming to increase the anti-atherosclerosis effect. METHODS:Thirt...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s10557-014-6566-1

    authors: Leite AC Jr,Solano TV,Tavares ER,Maranhão RC

    更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of propranolol on ventricular repolarization and refractoriness: role of beta-blockade versus direct membrane effects.

    abstract::The purpose of this study was to define the role of beta-adrenergic blockade and direct membrane effects in the ability of dl-propranolol to alter ventricular repolarization and refractoriness in the intact heart. The effective refractory period (ERP) and the local Q-T interval were measured at an epicardial site in t...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/BF02125746

    authors: Euler DE,Scanlon PJ

    更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00

  • Imaging of myocardial metabolism by positron emission tomography.

    abstract::Tracer techniques have provided new insight in cardiology by allowing noninvasive studies of myocardial perfusion, function, metabolism, and, more recently, ligand-receptor interaction. Positron emission tomography allows accurate quantification and the use of natural substrates labelled with 11C, 13N, or 15O. Myocard...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/BF00051291

    authors: Rigo P,de Landsheere C,Melon P,Kulbertus H

    更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00

  • Diuretics in the prevention and treatment of congestive heart failure.

    abstract::Diuretics, either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs in the management of hypertension, have retarded the development of left ventricular hypertrophy and congestive heart failure in many patients. Diuretics also remain one of the most effective therapies in the treatment of congestive heart failure, whe...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1023/a:1007791814100

    authors: Moser M

    更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00

  • Future Directions to Establish Lipoprotein(a) as a Treatment for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.

    abstract::In both epidemiologic and genetic studies, increased levels of Lp(a) have been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases as well as aortic stenosis. However, until recently, it has been difficult to lower levels of Lp(a). Diet and lifestyle have little effect on plasma levels of Lp(a) which are mainly...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s10557-016-6654-5

    authors: Stein EA,Raal F

    更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00

  • Pathways and Drugs in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension - Focus on the Role of Endothelin Receptor Antagonists.

    abstract::Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a group of diseases characterized by a progressive increase of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), initially due to abnormal pulmonary vasoconstriction in response to endothelial injury. Recent studies have here confirmed the prominent role of endothelin (ET)-1 in vasoconstric...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s10557-015-6605-6

    authors: Madonna R,Cocco N,De Caterina R

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • The Association of Low Molecular Weight Heparin Use and In-hospital Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19.

    abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the association between low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) use and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective study of patients consecutively enrolled from two major academic hospitals exclusively for COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, from January 26, 2020, to March...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s10557-020-07133-3

    authors: Shen L,Qiu L,Liu D,Wang L,Huang H,Ge H,Xiao Y,Liu Y,Jin J,Liu X,Wang DW,Peterson ED,He B,Zhou N

    更新日期:2021-01-04 00:00:00

  • Preservation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Level Attenuates Angiotensin II-Induced Tissue Fibrosis by Altering AT1/AT 2 Receptor Expression and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Activity in Rat Heart.

    abstract:PURPOSE:The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been shown to exert cardioprotective effects in animals and patients. This study tests the hypothesis that preservation of GLP-1 by the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide or the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor linagliptin is associated with a reduction of angiote...

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    doi:10.1007/s10557-015-6592-7

    authors: Zhang LH,Pang XF,Bai F,Wang NP,Shah AI,McKallip RJ,Li XW,Wang X,Zhao ZQ

    更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00

  • Analysis of the surface electrocardiogram for monitoring and predicting antiarrhythmic drug effects in atrial fibrillation.

    abstract::Specific antiarrhythmic therapy with class I and III drugs for atrial fibrillation (AF) conversion and prevention of its recurrence is frequently utilized in clinical practice. Besides being only moderate effective, the utilization of antiarrhythmic drugs may be associated with serious side effects. In the clinical se...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s10557-005-5062-z

    authors: Husser D,Stridh M,Sornmo L,Platonov P,Olsson SB,Bollmann A

    更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00

  • The problem of defining heart failure.

    abstract::A succession of theories arising from last century has attempted to explain why patients with damaged hearts develop peripheral edema. Opposed to the original simple concepts of backward failure, a number of theories of forward failure have been proposed, the cardiac output being considered inadequate for capillary pe...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/BF00877921

    authors: Harris P

    更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of altered extracellular potassium and pacing cycle length on the class III antiarrhythmic actions of dofetilide (UK-68,798) in guinea-pig papillary muscle.

    abstract::The effects of altered extracellular K+ concentrations ([K+]o) and pacing cycle lengths (CLs) on the electrophysiological actions of dofetilide (UK-68,798), a potent class III antiarrhythmic agent, were examined in isolated guinea-pig ventricular papillary muscle. At a normal [K+]o (4 mM) and at CL between 300 and 500...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/BF00054193

    authors: Yang T,Tande PM,Lathrop DA,Refsum H

    更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00

  • The effects of calcium antagonists on extracellular potassium accumulation during global ischaemia in isolated perfused rat hearts.

    abstract::The effects of equipotent concentrations of diltiazem, verapamil, and nifedipine upon the accumulation of extracellular potassium [K+]out and the left ventricular pressure (LVP) were studied during global ischemia in isolated perfused rat hearts. Measurement of [K+]out and LVP were performed in two series of experimen...

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    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/BF00143532

    authors: Heijnis JB,Coronel R,van Zwieten PA

    更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00

  • Comparative study of time-course of hemodynamic effect of isosorbide dinitrate spray and sublingual tablets in patients with pulmonary congestion.

    abstract::We compared the time-course of the hemodynamic effect of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), 5 mg, in the form of sublingual tablet and oral spray, in 15 patients with isolated chronic pulmonary congestion (pulmonary arterial end-diastolic pressure of 15 mmHg or more in the presence of normal or only slightly reduced cardiac...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

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    doi:10.1007/BF00051192

    authors: Marchionni N,De Bari M,Ferrucci L,Moschi G,Schneeweiss A

    更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00

  • Inhibition of platelet activation by clopidogrel prevents hypertension-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis.

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    pub_type: 杂志文章

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    authors: Jia LX,Qi GM,Liu O,Li TT,Yang M,Cui W,Zhang WM,Qi YF,Du J

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  • Effect of encainide, ODE, MODE, and flecainide on ADP/5-HT induced platelet aggregation and in the anesthetized dog coronary artery stenosis-occlusion model of intravascular thrombosis.

    abstract::Encainide is a class 1C antiarrhythmic agent that is indicated for the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias, such as sustained ventricular tachycardia. Furthermore, encainide possesses a moderate degree of antiserotonin activity, which was quantitated in this present study by determining displacement of [3H]spipe...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/BF03029752

    authors: Fleming JS,Buchanan JO,Yocca FD,Iben LG,Antonaccio MJ

    更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00

  • Calcium antagonists and myocardial infarction.

    abstract::In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated many similarities between the three calcium antagonists verapamil, nifedipine, and diltiazem in relation to protection of the myocardium during hypoxia. Important clinical differences exist between the three drugs when they are used during or after an acute myocardial inf...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

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    authors: Hansen JF

    更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00

  • The effects of oral pretreatment with zofenopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, on early reperfusion and subsequent electrophysiologic stability in the pig.

    abstract::The effects of oral zofenopril pretreatment were investigated in a chronic closed-chest pig model of ischemia and reperfusion. Pigs (25-35 kg) were pretreated orally with zofenopril (15 mg/day) on the 2 days prior to ischemia, which was evoked by the inflation of a catheter balloon in the left anterior descending coro...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/BF01856557

    authors: Tio RA,de Langen CD,de Graeff PA,van Gilst WH,Bel KJ,Wolters KG,Mook PH,van Wijngaarden J,Wesseling H

    更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00

  • Cardiovascular and renal surrogate markers in the clinical management of hypertension.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Surrogate markers represent a significant contribution to early diagnosis, longitudinal prognoses, and outcome prediction in cases of hypertension. They often enable detection of disease and disease potential when the disease is still subclinical and are useful noninvasive tools for designing and evaluatin...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s10557-009-6177-4

    authors: Maisel AS

    更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of trimetazidine on in vivo coronary arterial platelet thrombosis.

    abstract::We used Folts' model of critical coronary artery stenosis with endothelial damage, which measures platelet-rich thrombus accumulation from cyclic flow reductions (CFRs). This paper reports results applied to trimetazidine, a member of the piperazine group. Trimetazidine at a dose of 1 mg/kg completely abolished CFRs c...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/BF00878324

    authors: Belcher PR,Drake-Holland AJ,Hynd JW,Noble MI

    更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00

  • Ischemia at the crossroads?

    abstract::Understanding and controlling the consequences of myocardial ischemia requires us to acknowledge that we are dealing with a complex, dynamic, and highly variable process. The severity and progression of ischemic injury is not solely determined by the extent of oxygen deprivation, but by many other factors, including t...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/BF00054247

    authors: Hearse DJ

    更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00

  • Torsades de pointes: prevention and therapy.

    abstract::Torsades de pointes (TdP) is a life-threatening ventricular tachycardia that occurs in the setting of a prolonged QT interval and is most frequently related to administration of antiarrhythmic drugs. Patients with organic heart disease, with low serum electrolyte levels, with a previous episode of TdP and with bradyca...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/BF03029778

    authors: Keren A,Tzivoni D

    更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00

  • Mechanism of cardioprotective effect of orotic acid.

    abstract::The pyrimidine base, orotic acid (OA), markedly improves the function of recently infarcted hearts subjected to global ischemia. The mechanism of cardiac action of OA is unclear, but it has been proposed that OA acts by correcting a relative deficiency of nucleotide precursors required for RNA synthesis in the stresse...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1023/a:1007700716866

    authors: Rosenfeldt FL,Richards SM,Lin Z,Pepe S,Conyers RA

    更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00

  • Ibopamine versus hydrochlorothiazide/amiloride in patients with mild congestive heart failure. SK & F Ibopamine Working Group.

    abstract::The clinical efficacy and safety of ibopamine and diuretic therapy were compared in a multicenter, multinational, parallel, positive-controlled, randomized, double-blind, 12-week study, involving 103 patients with mild CHF (NYHA Class II). Body weight, NYHA functional class, symptom assessment scores, laboratory blood...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/BF01869579

    authors:

    更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00

  • Antioxidant vitamins and risk of cardiovascular disease. Review of large-scale randomised trials.

    abstract::People who consume a diet rich in fruit and vegetables have lower risks of cancer, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Many prospective cohort studies have reported inverse associations between dietary intake or blood levels of beta-carotene and risks of cancer. Several large-scale trials were set up to as...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1023/a:1022134418372

    authors: Clarke R,Armitage J

    更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00

  • Vascular relaxation to omega-3 fatty acids: comparison to sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, papaverine, and D600.

    abstract::The vasorelaxant activity of the omega-3 fatty acids--docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids--in comparison with other known vasodilators--sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, papaverine, and D600--were studied in the isolated rat aorta. The relaxant responses of these vasodilators and fatty acids at c...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/BF00052562

    authors: Engler MB

    更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00

  • Left ventricular dysfunction due to stunning and hibernation in patients.

    abstract::Left ventricular dysfunction is in most cases the consequence of myocardial ischemia. It may occur transiently during an attack of angina and usually it is reversible. It may persist over hours or even days in patients after an episode of ischemia followed by reperfusion, leading to the so-called condition of stunning...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/BF00877322

    authors: Ferrari R,La Canna G,Giubbini R,Milan E,Ceconi C,de Giuli F,Berra P,Alfieri O,Visioli O

    更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00

  • Combination Therapy of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension with Vardenafil and Macitentan Assessed in a Human Ex Vivo Model.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) by vasodilator drug monotherapy is often limited in its effectiveness. Combination therapy may help to improve treatment and to reduce drug toxicity. This study assessed the combination of the endothelin receptor antagonist macitentan and the phosphodiesterase-...

    journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s10557-019-06868-y

    authors: Hoenicka M,Golovchenko S,Englert L,Spaeth M,Shoshiashvili L,Großer C,Hofmann HS,Ried M

    更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00