Abstract：
:We measured the diameter of the most distal portion of the axonal initial segment, the neuronal size of anterior horn cells, and the length of the axon hillock plus the initial segment (AH+IS) in the lumbar spinal cord in motor neuron disease. Three patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and one with lower motor neuron disease (LMND) were compared with 11 controls. Serial plastic sections stained with toluidine blue and electron micrographs were studied. A total of 214 axons directly emanating from the somata (n = 207) and the primary dendrites (n = 7) were observed in the patients. Approximately 19% of the proximal myelinated axons (24 axons out of 155 in ALS, and 17 axons out of 59 in LMND) were swollen at the first internode, and most of the swellings extended to the middle portion of the initial segment. Electron microscopy showed that the swellings of the proximal axons (the initial segment and the first internode) directly connected with their somata consisted mainly of accumulations of 10-nm neurofilaments. The average diameter of the most distal initial segment was markedly larger in ALS (n = 155) (P less than 0.0001) and LMND (n = 59) (P less than 0.0001) than in the controls (n = 258). Moreover, the average diameter of the most distal portion of even normal-appearing initial segments of the non-swollen axons was larger in ALS (n = 131) (P less than 0.0001) than in the controls. The perikarya and axon hillocks connected with the normal-appearing and swollen proximal axons and their dendrites almost always appeared normal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
J Neurol Scijournal_title
Journal of the neurological sciencesauthors
Sasaki S,Maruyama Sdoi
10.1016/0022-510x(92)90017-fsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-07-01 00:00:00pages
114-20issue
1-2eissn
0022-510Xissn
1878-5883pii
0022-510X(92)90017-Fjournal_volume
110pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Repeated administration of Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) results in a considerable learning effect in short- or long-term follow-up studies. However, the relationship between PASAT learning and changes in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters is yet to be investigated. OBJECTIVES:The aim...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2014.10.002
更新日期：2014-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Eclampsia accounts for a third of maternal mortality in developing countries. The neurological manifestations of eclampsia consist of seizures and alteration of sensorium or coma on a background of pre-eclampsia. Occasionally there can be focal neurological deficits too. Recent studies with CT scan and MRI have demons...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0022-510x(97)00274-8
更新日期：1998-02-18 00:00:00
abstract：:PHARC (Polyneuropathy, Hearing loss, Ataxia, Retinitis pigmentosa and Cataracts) (MIM# 612674) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the ABHD12 gene. We evaluated two Spanish siblings affected with pes cavus, sensorimotor neuropathy, hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa and juvenile ...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2018.02.021
更新日期：2018-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common neurologic complication of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). In this study, we compared hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic RCVS with an aim to evaluate the risk factors and short-term clinical outcomes of hemorrhagic lesions. METHODS:We used ...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2021.117312
更新日期：2021-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) was induced in guinea-pigs by intradermal injection of rabbit peripheral nerve emulsified in Freund's adjuvant. Both sciatic nerves were obtained between 12--24 hr after clinical symptoms were evident. Several fascicles from each nerve were isolated for histochemical studies with N...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(77)90182-4
更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：IMPORTANCE:Workers exposed to aerosolized brain in a swine-processing plant developed immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy (IP) possibly triggered by an immune response. OBJECTIVE:Immunohistochemistry results were correlated with electrophysiological variables to examine the immunopathogenesis of this disorder. DES...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2017.12.005
更新日期：2018-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Iodized oil was administered as a single intramuscular injection to pregnant iodine-deficient ewes at 100 days gestation and the subsequent growth of their fetuses compared with that of fetuses of severely iodine-deficient ewes and of iodine-replete ewes, all of which were fed the same low-iodine diet. The administere...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(84)90137-0
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Naftopidil is used clinically for the treatment of voiding disorders in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Previous in vivo experiments in which naftopidil was applied intrathecally abolished rhythmic bladder contraction, suggesting that naftopidil might inhibit a voiding reflex through interaction with spinal dor...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2017.07.030
更新日期：2017-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess age-, gender, and subtype-specific incidence rates of dementia in three populations in central Spain using data from the Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES), a population-based survey of elderly participants. METHODS:Individuals were evaluated at baseline (1994-1995) and at follow-up ...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2007.07.021
更新日期：2008-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Non-motor symptoms (NMSs) are clearly more prevalent in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared to healthy individuals. However, NMSs are also common in the elderly and other neurological conditions, and thus, it is not known whether NMSs could be used to differentiate PD from parkinsonism/tremor without ...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2019.07.025
更新日期：2019-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the presence of an ethnicity bias within patients presenting with optic neuritis in London. DESIGN:Observational cross-sectional study. METHODS:The ethnicity profile of all patients attending a neuro-ophthalmology clinic in central London with acute optic neuritis over a 16month period (n=86) w...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2011.08.030
更新日期：2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Six clones obtained from the neoplastic, astrocytic murine cell line VMDk P497 were injected intracerebrally into syngeneic hosts and the tumorigenicity of each clone was established. Five of the 6 clones produced tumours with incidences ranging from 25% to 100% and mean latencies of 43-100 days, according to the clon...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(88)90071-8
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have monitored the cell surface phenotypic changes occurring in T, B and NK cells of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients after total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) plus low-dose prednisone (TLI-LDP) therapy in comparison to sham TLI-LDP. TLI-LDP resulted in a marked reduction in the relative and absolu...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0022-510x(97)00156-1
更新日期：1997-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscle pain is the presenting symptom in patients with a wide variety of conditions. Such patients often pose problems in diagnosis and management and a rational scheme for their investigation is needed. The results of muscle biopsy, electromyography, exercise and strength testing and blood measurements in 109 consecu...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(83)90111-9
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:MRI helps in detecting the etiology of epilepsy, which may assist in better management. However its role in emergency situations like status epilepticus (SE) is still not clear. We analyzed the MRI findings in various subtypes of SE and tried to find out if etiological diagnosis improves by doing MRI over and a...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2008.05.013
更新日期：2008-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the case of a 68-year-old man who presented with ataxia, insomnia, rapidly developing cognitive decline, seizures and small vessel vasculitis. Both serum and cerebro-spinal fluid samples showed positive titre of anti-CASPR2 antibodies. Limbic encephalitis was diagnosed and immunomodulatory therapy was starte...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2020.116865
更新日期：2020-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Supratentorial stroke can cause conjugate eye deviation directed contralateral to the affected side (wrong-way deviation). It is rare and thought to be associated exclusively with hemorrhagic stroke. We prospectively investigated the clinical features and prognostic significance of this wrong-way...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2011.06.010
更新日期：2011-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten unmedicated patients with Parkinson's disease received sub-threshold 5-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the primary motor hand area (M1(HAND)) contralaterally to the more affected upper limb. Compared to a midfrontal sham-rTMS, real-rTMS over M1(HAND) was associated with a significant de...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-510x(00)00370-1
更新日期：2000-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) plasma myoglobin levels remained approximately constant with age while creatine kinase (CK) activity progressively decreased. For carrier detection, plasma myoglobin level was found to be less reliable than CK activity. The myoglobin level was raised only in some of those...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(84)90194-1
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to develop a conceptual understanding of the specific characteristics of palliative care in neurology and the challenges of providing palliative care in the setting of neurological illness. METHOD:The study was conducted at London Health Sciences Centre in Canada using grounded theory methodol...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2017.12.008
更新日期：2018-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinico-anatomical correlations in multiple sclerosis patients presenting with central positional vertigo are lacking. We report on a patient with acute onset positional vertigo mimicking benign paroxysmal positional vertigo with a single enhancing lesion in the inner part of the superior cerebellar peduncle, disclose...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2007.09.013
更新日期：2008-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The geographical analysis of a disease risk is particularly difficult when the disease is non-frequent and the area units are small. The practical use of the Bayesian modelling, instead of the classical frequentist one, is applied to study the geographical variation of multiple sclerosis (MS) across the province of Pa...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2006.01.013
更新日期：2006-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review, we focus on different pathogenetic mechanisms of corticosteroids that induce short- and long-term brain volume fluctuations in a variety of systemic conditions and disorders, as well as on corticosteroid-induced immunomodulatory, immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory mechanisms that contribute to the...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2005.03.006
更新日期：2005-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The case of a patient with focal epilepsy is reported who underwent presurgical evaluation by stereotactic intracranial electroencephalographic (EEG) recording. A subdural semi-grid electrode, consisting of three multi-channel strip electrodes, was implanted over the temporal lobe and temporo-occipital region; one mul...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2009.12.003
更新日期：2010-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A method is described which characterises the conduction deficit of a nerve in terms of the distribution of the refractory periods of transmission (RPTs) of its constituent fibres. The RPT is a particularly sensitive index of conduction deficit and measures the ability of a nerve fibre to conduct pairs of closely spac...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(80)90200-2
更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mitochondria have several important functions in the cell. A mitochondrial dysfunction causes an abatement in ATP production, oxidative damage and the induction of apoptosis, all of which are involved in the pathogenesis of numerous disorders. This review focuses on mitochondrial dysfunctions and discusses their c...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2007.01.033
更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Two transgenic strains of mutant mice lacking hypoxanthine-guanidine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) activity were examined behaviorally and neurochemically for phenotypic similarity to the human Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. In this syndrome, male children markedly deficient in the enzyme HPRT develop self-mutilation and se...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(88)90099-8
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Olfactory identification impairment in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients is well documented and considered to be caused by underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, contrasting with less clear evidence in non-amnestic MCI (naMCI). The aim was to (a) compare the degree of olfactory ident...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2015.01.014
更新日期：2015-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists, including ketamine and nitrous oxide, are currently intensely studied as rapid-acting antidepressant agents. Interestingly, both of these compounds are also drugs of abuse. Intravenous ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic that induces complex downstream effects via NMD...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2020.116778
更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VOGMs) are pial arteriovenous fistulas possessing Galenic venous drainage most commonly presenting during the neonatal period and infancy, with initial discovery during adulthood quite rare. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS:We conducted a literature survey of the PubMed databas...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2020.117014
更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00
