Abstract：
:To determine the seroprevalence of Norwalk virus and whether Norwalk virus contributed to an observed increase in illness in tap water drinkers participating in a prospective epidemiological study, sera collected during the study were examined for changes in Norwalk virus antibody titer, using a specific enzyme immunoassay. Antibodies to Norwalk virus were measured in sera collected in March, June and September 1988 and in June 1989, and antibodies were found in 79% of the individuals. Seroprevalence increased with age, being 55% (ages 9-19), 79% (20-39), 87% (40-49), 84% (50-59), and 100% (60 and older). Norwalk infections occurred in 33% of the individuals during the course of the study. The highest rate of infection (expressed as a monthly rate) was observed during the summer of 1988. These results confirm that a large number of infections owing to Norwalk viruses occur throughout the year. A previous seroconversion or a high serum titer were not always protective. Finally, there was no detectable difference in infection rate between consumers of tap water and consumers of water treated by reverse-osmosis units, suggesting that Norwalk virus infections were not responsible for the excess of gastrointestinal illness observed in tap water drinkers during this epidemiological study.
journal_name
Can J Microbioljournal_title
Canadian journal of microbiologyauthors
Payment P,Franco E,Fout GSdoi
10.1139/m94-128subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-10-01 00:00:00pages
805-9issue
10eissn
0008-4166issn
1480-3275journal_volume
40pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:Nitrogen-fixing, field-obtained root nodules of the silky green alder were studied by transmission electron microscopy. The nodule endophyte exhibited a prokaryotic cytology and was present in two forms: the hypha(0.3-1.0mum), which was branched and septate, and the vesicle (3-5mum), which was also septate and develo...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m75-157
更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A test is described for selective inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis isolates in fluid medium. The method employs rho-nitro-alpha-acetyl-amino-beta-hydroxy-propiophenone (NAP) as an inhibitory agent for differentiation of mammalian tuberculosis strains from other Mycobacteria. ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m78-124
更新日期：1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sixty-four species of filamentous fungi from five flare pits in northern and western Canada were tested for their ability to degrade crude oil using gas chromatographic analysis of residual hydrocarbons following incubation. Nine isolates were tested further using radiorespirometry to determine the extent of mineraliz...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urease activity was measured using whole cells of both long (swarming) and short (nonswarming) populations of Proteus mirabilis from casein hydrolysate agar (CHA) and broth (CHB) cultures, and from brain heart infusion broth (BHIB) cultures. Urease is a constitutive enzyme for both long and short cells, but its activi...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m87-051
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultures of Bacillus subtilis lysogenic for the temperature bacteriophage SP beta release "betacin", a bacteriocinlike substance that inhibits B. subtilis strains which do not carry this phage. Production of betacin is blocked by mutations in the bet gene on the prophage and a second phage gene, tol, is apparently inv...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m80-220
更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Penicillium chrysogenum F1 is very efficient in bioleaching heavy metals from the soil and is used for that purpose. We found that F1 can extract 19.8 mg Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn from 2.5 g soil; the total heavy metals' bioleaching ratio was 60.4%. In this study, the bioleaching mechanism was investigated by means of metabo...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-2018-0624
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bacterial flora of an experimental plant that processes liquid swine manure by an aerated compartmented (multistage) lagoon system has been studied. The total flora is characterized by a larger number of oligotrophic bacteria than eutrophic ones. Each compartment displays a specific flora, different from the flora...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m97-154
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolism of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid by a bacterium, designated PRL W19, follows a pathway involving beta-oxidation of coenzyme A intermediates analogous to the classical oxidation of fatty acids. The organism appears to have the property for the constitutive metabolism of caproic acid, and cell extracts conta...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m78-141
更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five media and procedures were compared for their recovery of fecal streptococci on membrane filters. Growth and numbers of a variety of pure cultures were compared, and recoveries from raw sewage and sewage effluent were determined on the five media. A total of 512 isolates were identified and the specificity of each...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m80-219
更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an effort to reduce human exposure to adenoviruses through drinking water, we determined the effectiveness of sequential disinfection with an alternative ultraviolet (UV) technology (medium-pressure (MP) UV) and monochloramine. The results of this study showed that MP UV was much more effective than traditional UV ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w10-047
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ruminal microbiota plays major roles in feed digestion. The composition and fermentation of the bacterial communities in 3 important ruminant species have been studied previously. Here, we extended this research to the effect of concentrate-to-forage ratios on ruminal bacterial communities in Tarim red deer (Cervu...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-2018-0046
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The correlation between the occurrence of indicator organisms and salmonellae in the same sample homogenate of various classes of dried foods was studied. In the first phase of the work involving 5837 samples, 1943 contained fecal coliforms and 100 contained Salmonella. Fecal coliforms were not detected in 53 of the S...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m76-141
更新日期：1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Caulobacters are biofilm-forming members of the natural flora of soil and aquatic environments, which exhibit several characteristics that make them attractive for development of high surface area microbial bioreactors or biosensors. Although caulobacters are well characterized genetically, little is known about their...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay that uses degenerate primers and a dual-labelled probe was developed to detect the bexA gene of Haemophilus influenzae, including those belonging to non-b serotypes as well as clonal division II strains. This assay is sensitive and specific, detecting 20 copies of the gene, ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-2013-0040
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloroquine increases the inhibition of cultured lymphocytes by high concentrations of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or concanavalin A (Con A). The inhibition is also increased by complement. Thus chloroquine and complement have similar effects. Time-course studies show that chloroquine increases the rate of onset of the c...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m75-231
更新日期：1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The entire nucleotide sequence of the rsaA gene, encoding the paracrystalline surface (S) layer protein (RsaA) of Caulobacter crescentus CB15A, was determined. The rsaA gene encoded a protein of 1026 amino acids, with a predicted molecular weight of 98,132. Protease cleavage of mature RsaA protein and amino acid seque...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m92-033
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of R-type lipopolysaccharide (LPS), isolated from Neisseria gonorrhoeae colony type 4, to protect against infection with N. gonorrhoea colony type 1 (T1 isolates) in the mouse and chicken embryo was investigated. C57 black mice were immunized intraperitoneally with 50 microgram of LPS, and challenged intra...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m78-022
更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polynucleotide sequences among 24 motile and 11 non-motile aeromonads were studied by analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid - deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA-DNA) duplexes with endonuclease S1. In addition, DNA base composition (mole % guanine and cytosine (G + C)) and relative genome sizes were determined for selected strains...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m79-083
更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major problem affecting soil fertility, microbial diversity, and nutrient uptake of plants. Rhizobia response and legume interaction under Al conditions are still unknown; it is important to understand how to develop and improve legume cultivation under Al stress. In this study, rhizobia re...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-2018-0019
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhizobia are used exclusively in agricultural systems for enhancing the ability of legumes to fix atmospheric nitrogen. Knowledge about the indigenous population is necessary for the selection and application of inoculant strains. In this study, we have assessed the genetic diversity of Bradyrhizobium strains isolated...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w00-139
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against staphylococcal enterotoxin D (SED) were obtained by fusion of myeloma cells with mouse spleen cells immunized with SED only or a combination of SED and either enterotoxin A (SEA) or enterotoxin E (SEE). When only SED was used as an immunogen, six MAbs were specific for...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m91-099
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 16S-23S rDNA spacer of the type strain (ATCC 35879) of Xylella fastidiosa was amplified by PCR, cloned, and sequenced. The spacer sequence (455 bp) contains two tRNA (tRNA(ala) and tRNA(ile)) genes. Identical tRNA genes were also found in the 16S-23S spacer sequences of all the 51 strains of X. fastidiosa retrieve...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w00-114
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four hundred and forty-two serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis isolates from individual invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) patients in Canada during the period 1999 to 2003 were analyzed. The majority (84%) of the serogroup C meningococci were characterized by the serotype antigen 2a and belonged to the clonal comple...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w05-085
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhizobacteria promote and have beneficial effects on plant growth, making them useful to agriculture. Nevertheless, the rhizosphere of the chickpea plant has not been extensively examined. The aim of the present study was to select indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing rhizobacteria from the rhizosphere of chickpea pla...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-2014-0399
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This research examines the distribution of aflatoxins among conidia and sclerotia of toxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus Link and Aspergillus parasiticus Speare cultured on Czapek agar (21 days, 28 degrees C). Total aflatoxin levels in conidia and sclerotia varied considerably both within (intrafungal) and among s...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m83-001
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibiotic susceptibility tests and restriction enzyme analysis (REA) of genomic DNA were performed to characterize the relationship between sources of isolates of yellow-pigmented enterococci. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted with 10 therapeutic antibiotics and 54 isolates grouped by source (wild and ot...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-44-11-1066
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sera from mice which have been vaccinated with BCG and challenged with old tuberculin contain gamma interferon. These same sera also express antibacterial activity. Using Staphylococcus aureus we demonstrated that its growth was inhibited at dilutions of sera as high as 1:320. A 4% concentration of sera reduced the gr...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m86-084
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A comparative study of the pathogenicity of Candida albicans morphological mutant strains was made to relate chlamydospore production, germ tube formation, and proteolytic activity to candidiasis in mice. It was observed that the mycelium strains were more lethal than the yeast-like strains and that neither chlamydosp...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m75-093
更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vibrio cholerae activates proinflammatory response in cultured intestinal epithelial cells. In this study, we demonstrate that V. cholerae O395 infection of intestinal epithelial cells results in the activation of Akt. Inhibition of Akt significantly decreases IL-1alpha, IL-6, and TNF-alpha production in V. cholerae i...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w09-093
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of any Listeria species in food may be an indicator of poor hygiene in food processing facilities. The biochemical identification of Listeria species is laborious and time consuming. Therefore, the development of novel identification methods that are rapid and simple to perform would be an asset. In this ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w10-054
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
