Abstract:
OBJECT:The prevalence of deformational, or positional, plagiocephaly has increased during the last decade. Treatments vary among centers, ranging from expectant management to orthotic helmet therapy to craniofacial remodeling. This management variability is partially due to a lack of objective methods with which to measure the severity of plagiocephaly, as well as procedures that are not cumbersome or require radiographic studies. A simple and objective method of determining the degree of cranial deformation has been developed. METHODS:A headband placed around the head was marked with two adjustable points--one denoting the nasion and the other, the inion. A digital camera was used to image the head from a vertex view. The shape of the headband and the area of each hemisphere were then determined by analyzing the image on a personal computer in a semiautomated fashion. A cranial index of symmetry (CIS) was calculated and, by definition, equaled 100% for a perfectly symmetrical head. In this preliminary study, the authors studied eight children referred for evaluation of their plagiocephaly and eight infants referred for noncraniofacial entities. In the unaffected infants the mean CIS was 96.3 +/- 1.3% (+/- standard deviation). In children with clinical evidence of plagiocephaly, however, the CIS was 81.9 +/- 3.4% (p < 0.001). Although the CIS in healthy children was never less than 95%, that in all infants with plagiocephaly was below 90%. CONCLUSIONS:Although preliminary, this objective nonradiographic measurement of cranial symmetry appears to allow grading of the severity of positional plagiocephaly. The aforementioned methodology may potentially be used as an unbiased means of comparing different treatment modalities in longitudinal studies.
journal_name
J Neurosurgjournal_title
Journal of neurosurgeryauthors
Zonenshayn M,Kronberg E,Souweidane MMdoi
10.3171/ped.2004.100.5.0537subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-05-01 00:00:00pages
537-40issue
5 Suppl Pediatricseissn
0022-3085issn
1933-0693journal_volume
100pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A retrospective series of 12,478 patients with breast cancer included 2467 patients with spinal metastases. Local treatment was not necessary in 688 patients. Neurological dificit did not develop in 1735 patients who underwent radiotherapy. Forty-four patients developed myelopathy due to spinal cord compression as dem...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1977.47.5.0653
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the effect of hypocapnia (PaCO2 20 mm Hg) on cerebral metabolism and the electroencephalogram (EEG) findings in 12 dogs during nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced hypotension. Previous studies suggest that NTG is a more potent cerebral vasodilator than sodium nitroprusside or trimethaphan. It was speculate...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1986.64.6.0924
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nosocomial infections with organisms resistant to multiple antibiotic agents represent an evolving challenge in the intensive care setting, particularly in patients requiring surgical diversion of cerebrospinal fluid. The authors present the case of a 51-year-old woman who endured protracted hospitalization and requir...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/jns.2005.102.5.0915
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Glutamate is important in the pathogenesis of brain damage after cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury. Notably, brain extracellular and cerebrospinal fluid as well as blood glutamate concentrations increase after experimental and clinical trauma. While neurons are one potential source of glutamate, plate...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2014.3.JNS132130
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Surgeries for CNS tumors are frequently performed by general neurosurgeons and by those who specialize in surgical neurooncology. Subspecialization in neurosurgical practice has become common and may improve patient morbidity and mortality rates. However, the potential benefits for patients of having their surge...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2014.10.JNS132057
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 24-hour intensive intravenous dosing regimen with the glucocorticoid steroid methylprednisolone has recently been shown to be effective in enhancing neurological recovery in spinal cord-injured patients when initiated within 8 hours after injury. The state of knowledge concerning the neuroprotective pharmacology of ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/jns.1992.76.1.0013
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is known to reduce motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). The effects of DBS on various nonmotor symptoms often differ from patient to patient. The factors that determine whether or not a patient will respond to treatment have not been elucida...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2020.6.JNS201126
更新日期:2020-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental cerebral vasospasm was produced in the canine basilar artery by an intracisternal injection of fresh autogenous arterial blood, and prostaglandins generated in spastic and nonspastic arteries were assessed by thin-layer chromatography. Prostaglandins synthesized in normal arteries were 6-keto-prostaglandi...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1981.55.5.0779
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Artifacts are occasionally encountered on magnetic resonance imaging after operation. These may be due to minute metallic particles from neurosurgical instruments. Particles not detectable on plain x-ray films or computerized tomography scans may cause local change of magnetic resonance activity, resulting in a decept...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1987.67.5.0776
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors present angiographic demonstration of bilateral, congenital, total absence of the internal carotid arteries in a patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography demonstrated complete absence of both internal carotid arteries. The intracranial blood supply had been provided by communication between a hype...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1975.42.4.0478
更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients with large vascular carotid body tumors underwent preoperative intravascular embolization of the major arterial feeders. The tumor vascularity was reduced markedly, and complete surgical extirpation was accomplished without difficulty. The literature on carotid body tumors is briefly reviewed. The role of...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1983.59.5.0867
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:It is well known that larger aneurysm size is a risk factor for poor outcome after surgical treatment of unruptured saccular intracranial aneurysms (USIAs). However, the authors have occasionally observed poor outcome in the surgical treatment of small USIAs and hypothesized that size ratio has a negative imp...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2018.4.JNS173221
更新日期:2018-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal dural lacerations can be a difficult part of spinal surgery. A dural tear can result in complications that include meningitis and pseudocyst formation. Appropriate treatment for these tears is generally suturing, using 4.0, 5.0, or 6.0 suture. For successful closure of dural lacerations, the authors have collab...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1994.81.6.0947
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The goal of this study was to quantify volumetrically cement fill and leakage in patients with osteoporotic and metastatic vertebral lesions undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty and to establish whether these factors have any clinical significance at follow up. METHODS:Digital computerized tomography data wer...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/spi.2003.99.1.0056
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The benefits of radiosurgery for cavernous malformations are difficult to assess because of the unclear natural history of this vascular lesion, the inability to image malformation vessels, and the lack of an imaging technique that defines "cure." The authors selected for radiosurgery 47 patients who harbored a hemorr...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1995.83.5.0825
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article describes a new flexible bipolar neuroelectrode which is inserted percutaneously into the epidural space for segmental spinal cord stimulation. This electrode was used in experiments with dogs and monkeys for recording cortical somatosensory evoked potentials in order to identify intraoperative spinal cor...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1984.60.6.1317
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Corticosteroids are frequently used in the treatment of spinal trauma, although neither experimental nor clinical evidence to support their use is persuasive. Recently there have been claims that extremely high doses ("megadoses") of corticosteroids (equivalent to 15 to 30 mg/kg of methylprednisolone) improve neurolog...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1984.60.4.0712
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Acute subdural hematomas (SDHs) impart serious morbidity and mortality on the elderly population, with only 5% of those older than 65 years of age attaining functional independence. Despite its widespread use, oral antithrombotic therapy (OAT) in the context of acute SDH has not been extensively studied. The aut...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2010.7.JNS10446
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were carried out to compare the effectiveness of oncotic and osmotic therapy in dogs with experimental cerebral edema caused by a left parietal cold lesion. Animals were divided into five groups and treated for 6 hours with either crystalloid (control group), or mannitol, albumin, furosemide, or albumin/fu...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1984.60.3.0481
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been shown to have significant osteoinductive activity in numerous in vitro and in vivo assay systems, and BMP-2 and BMP-7 are currently being evaluated in human clinical studies. In the spinal region, BMPs have been shown to promote spinal arthrodesis at a higher rate tha...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/spi.2000.92.2.0191
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two unusual cases of neurocutaneous melanosis are presented. Both patients had congenital giant hairy nevi and both developed hydrocephalus, seizures, and myelopathy. The first patient displayed multicentric cerebral and spinal cord melanosis, as opposed to the more commonly described basilar leptomeningeal involvemen...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1984.61.4.0782
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The authors undertook this study to identify predictors of persistent postoperative seizures in their group of 28 Dutch pediatric and adolescent patients with medically intractable epilepsy who underwent functional hemispherectomy. METHODS:The records of 28 pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent a func...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/PED-07/10/275
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The aim of this paper was to validate the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) model for delineation of the corticospinal tract using cortical and subcortical white matter electrical stimulation for the location of functional motor pathways. METHODS:The authors compare probabilistic versus deterministic DTI fiber tra...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2014.4.JNS131160
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:This study was designed to evaluate the clinical and histopathological effects of long-term (3-month) intraventricular baclofen (IVB) infusion in beagle dogs. METHODS:Catheters were inserted stereotactically into the lateral ventricles of nine dogs and were connected to implanted Synchromed II pumps. Saline sol...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/PED-07/09/225
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred and one fiberoptic pressure transducers (59 subdural and 42 ventricular) were studied in 86 patients (some in whom more than one device had been inserted). Only four complications occurred: two transient cerebrospinal fluid leaks after removal and two clinically insignificant intracerebral hematomas. No in...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1997.86.6.0927
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Knowledge of the cranium projections of the gyral structures is essential to reduce the surgical complications and to perform minimally invasive interventions in daily neurosurgical practice. Thus, in this study the authors aimed to provide detailed information on cranial projections of the eloquent cortical are...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2008.10.JNS08159
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECT Current recommendations stress the need for cognitive parameters to be integrated in the evaluation of outcomes for intracranial meningioma surgery. The aim of this prospective study was to examine neurocognitive function in meningioma patients pre- and postoperatively. METHODS Patients with skull base (anterio...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2015.6.JNS1549
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Proper screening, management, and follow-up of Grade 1 and 2 blunt carotid artery injuries (BCIs) remains controversial. These low-grade BCIs were analyzed to define their natural history and establish a rational management plan based on lesion progression and cerebral infarction. METHODS:A retrospective review...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2015.1.JNS14642
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intrathecal ossification causing progressive myelopathy or radiculopathy does not occur frequently. The majority of the reported lesions have been in the thoracic spine and seldom in the sacral canal. This report presents the occurrence of disabling low backache and sciatica from intradural periradicular ossification ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1978.49.1.0132
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The use of subdural drains after surgical evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) decreases the risk of recurrence and has become the standard of care. Halfway through the controlled, randomized TOSCAN (Randomized Trial of Follow-up CT after Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma) trial, the authors' i...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2019.5.JNS19858
更新日期:2019-08-30 00:00:00