Molecular diagnostic techniques for viral hepatitis.

abstract：:Corticosteroids are a nonspecific immune modulator used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Topical and systemic forms of corticosteroids have been shown to be effective in induction of clinical remission and remain first-line therapy for acute severe ulcerative colitis. A large proportion of patients experience a...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： George LA,Cross RK

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is an effective platform for a variety of therapies in the management of benign and malignant disease of the pancreas. Over the last 50 years, endotherapy has evolved into the first-line therapy in the majority of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the pancreas. A...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Riff BP,Chandrasekhara V

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease are chronic inflammatory diseases with typical onset in early adulthood. These diseases, therefore, can affect a woman throughout the many stages of her life, including menstruation, sexuality, pregnancy, and menopause. Unique health issues face women during these stages and can af...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Feagins LA,Kane SV

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic HIV-associated diarrhea is currently a field in flux. Improved noninvasive diagnostic tests, improved pathogen-specific regimens, and better empiric therapies may change some of the assumptions used to select algorithms for diagnostic evaluation and management. Any shift in the cause of diarrhea from pathogen-...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Cohen J,West AB,Bini EJ

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex clinical process with multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms. There has recently been a shift in the treatment of patients with severe IBS symptoms to disease-modifying therapies as opposed to symptomatic treatment. Because pathophysiologic differences exist between men and wo...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Tsynman DN,Thor S,Kroser JA

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated disease and involves a complex interplay of host genetics and environmental influences. Recent advances in the field, including data from genome-wide association studies and microbiome analysis, have started to unravel the complex interaction between host genetics...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Dave M,Papadakis KA,Faubion WA Jr

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rarely do otherwise safe drugs administered at recommended doses produce liver damage that may progress to liver failure and death. Because we are generally unable to identify the patients most susceptible to this "idiosyncratic" form of toxicity, many potentially useful medications are not made available to patients....

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Fontana RJ,Watkins PB

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arguments proposed in this article may explain why a subgroup of patients, having so-called "functional heartburn," does not respond to acid inhibition therapy [19,20]. It is highly likely that acid is not the cause of heartburn in this group of subjects. These conclusions are supported further by observations of Wien...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Steinbach J,Fass R,Mittal RK

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD and UC represent a spectrum of chronic IBD that present in protean ways and are accompanied by a variety of systemic sequelae. Sulfasalazine and the newer 5-aminosalicylates are important in the management of mild-to-moderate disease, whereas corticosteroids remain the primary therapy for most patients with moderat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Stein RB,Hanauer SB

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on the most recent therapies for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who are naïve to therapy. The primary end point for the treatment of naïve HCV patients is viral eradication or a sustained virological response, which is defined as the absence of HCV in the serum, as detected by a sensitive p...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Oh S,Afdhal NH

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In conclusion, H. pylori infection can be detected by a variety of methods. The simplest, least expensive noninvasive method is serologic testing. Unfortunately, positive serology can only presume current infection. Urea breath testing is also noninvasive and is positive only in the setting of current infection; it is...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Brown KE,Peura DA

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are usually recognized by characteristic neurologic and metabolic manifestations and sometimes by dysmorphism. However, IEMs can present with a wide variety of gastrointestinal manifestations, whether as the primary or a minor clinical symptom. Regardless, gastrointestinal and hepati...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Guerrero RB,Kloke KM,Salazar D

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endoscopic approaches have revolutionized the palliation of advanced pancreatic cancer. The ideal management consists of a multidisciplinary approach involving surgeons, endoscopists, radiologists, and oncologists. Concurrent advances in the fields of interventional radiology and laparoscopic surgical oncology should ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Sanders M,Papachristou GI,McGrath KM,Slivka A

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This brief review summarizes the physiology and pharmacology of eicosanoids and describes how they have been tested for possible application in liver disease and transplantation. The objective is to trace the stepwise application from the laboratory to the bedside. Although many questions remain to be answered, the ob...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Ruwart MJ,Henley KS

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past decade has seen the introduction of a number of new potent antimicrobial agents, including broad-spectrum beta-lactam compounds such as the ureidopenicillins, third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams; combinations of penicillins with inhibitors of beta-lactamase; and the quinolones. Most ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Li E,Stanley SL Jr

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has increased dramatically in the past 3 decades, making its precursor lesion Barrett's esophagus (BE) an important clinical problem. Effective interventions are available, but overall outcomes remain unchanged. Most of the BE population remains undiagnosed; most EACs are diagnosed late...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Bansal A,Fitzgerald RC

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) stand to benefit from quality improvement (QI) due to the chronic nature of the disease, frequent interaction with the health care system, and exposure to high-risk treatments. The use of QI in health care has led to significant improvements in quality and relia...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Egberg MD,Kappelman MD,Gulati AS

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Foreign body ingestion is a common occurrence in children and in specific high-risk groups of adults such as those with underlying esophageal disease, prisoners, the mentally retarded, and those with psychiatric illnesses. Although most foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract without difficulty, sharp, ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Brady PG

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Common disease states in gastroenterology are more effectively treated in an obese patient when weight loss is incorporated into the treatment plan. Strategies that seek to achieve weight loss improve outcomes in the treatment of hepatitis C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and colorectal cancer, as examples. Pharm...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Keith JN

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Swallowed fluticasone and oral viscous budesonide are effective first-line therapies for eosinophilic esophagitis in children. Side effects are minimal without evidence of Cushing syndrome, as seen in treatment with systemic corticosteroids. New studies on alternative delivery systems and different corticosteroids (eg...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Contreras EM,Gupta SK

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In patients with Crohn's disease on biologic medications, the use of therapeutic drug monitoring leads to a personalized approach to optimize treatment. Using an algorithmic approach, measurement of drug concentrations and anti-drug antibodies can be used to improve treatment outcomes. Therapeutic drug concentrations ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Heron V,Afif W

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The application of EUS has improved the way we evaluate and manage patients with rectal cancer. EUS has substantially greater sensitivity than CT in detecting advanced T stage tumors. Such improved sensitivity results in changes in preoperative therapy that would not otherwise have occurred without EUS. Although the a...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Wiersema MJ,Harewood GC

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the AIDS epidemic continues to grow, it becomes increasingly important that physicians are aware of the gastrointestinal and abdominal diseases specific to this group of patients. Most AIDS patients exhibit gastrointestinal symptoms at some time during the course of their disease. Clinical AIDS is often determined ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Yee J,Wall SD

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In conclusion, the availability of liver transplantation has dramatically advanced the management of fulminant hepatic failure. A major responsibility of the gastroenterologist/hepatologist involved in the care of patients with liver failure is early decision making regarding likelihood of spontaneous recovery and con...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Lidofsky SD

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In most patients presenting with acute pancreatitis, the cause can be established on the basis of initial history, physical examination, laboratory studies, and abdominal sonography. Patients with unexplained pancreatitis at that point are often considered to have idiopathic disease. However, a cause and, often, effec...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Grendell JH

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with chest pain of presumed esophageal origin should be reassured and should undergo an esophageal manometry study. In patients with spastic esophageal disorders, a trial with calcium channel blockers or low-dose antidepressants used as visceral analgesics is the best approach. Inpatients with non GERD-relate...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Schmulson MJ,Valdovinos MA

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article, the epidemiology of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is reviewed. Demographic features and natural history are described, the prevalence and incidence of EoE are highlighted, and risk factors for EoE are discussed. EoE can occur at any age, there is a male predominance, it is more common in whites, and ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Dellon ES

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestinal immune system is intimately connected with the vast diversity of microbes present within the gut and the diversity of food components that are consumed daily. The discovery of novel molecular mechanisms, which mediate host-microbe-nutrient communication, have highlighted the important roles played by mi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Smolinska S,Groeger D,O'Mahony L

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several hepatobiliary diseases appear to be mediated by the host immune response. They can be subdivided into those in which the immune reaction is against an infectious agent such as hepatitis viruses, those in which the immune reaction appears to be against an autoantigen expressed on hepatobiliary cells, and those ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Vierling JM

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although significant strides have been made in the surgical technique of orthotopic liver transplantation, numerous problems and nuisances are still encountered. Further surgical refinements will certainly evolve. The development of better preservation techniques, the use of intraoperative flowmeters, and the availabi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Makowka L,Stieber AC,Sher L,Kahn D,Mieles L,Bowman J,Marsh JW,Starzl TE

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00