Abstract：
:Cerebral palsy is a common birth disorder that frequently involves ischemic-type injury to developing white matter (WM). Dead glial cells are a common feature of this injury and here we describe a novel form of acute ischemic cell death in developing WM astrocytes. Ischemia, modeled by the withdrawal of oxygen and glucose, evoked [Ca2+]i increases and cell death in astrocytes in post-natal day 10 (P10) rat optic nerve (RON). Removing extracellular Ca2+ prevented increases in [Ca2+]i but increased the amount of cell death. Astrocytes showed rapid [Na+]i increases during ischemia and cell death was reduced to control levels by substitution of extracellular Na+ or Cl- or by perfusion with bumetanide, a selective Na-K-Cl cotransport (NKCC) blocker. Astrocytes showed marked swelling during ischemia in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, which was blocked by bumetanide. Raising the extracellular osmolarity to limit water uptake reduced ischemic astrocyte death to control levels. Ultrastructural examination showed that post-ischemic astrocytes had lost their processes and frequently were necrotic, effects partially prevented by bumetanide. At this point in development, therefore, NKCC activation in astrocytes during ischemia produces an osmo-regulatory challenge. Astrocytes can subsequently regulate their cell volume in a Ca2+-dependent fashion but this will require ATP hydrolysis and does not protect the cells against acute cell death.
journal_name
J Neuropathol Exp Neuroljournal_title
Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurologyauthors
Thomas R,Salter MG,Wilke S,Husen A,Allcock N,Nivison M,Nnoli AN,Fern Rdoi
10.1093/jnen/63.8.856subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-08-01 00:00:00pages
856-71issue
8eissn
0022-3069issn
1554-6578journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Well myelinated cultures of newborn mouse cerebellum, exposed to varying concentrations of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), a heavy metal chelating agent, were examined by light and electron microscopy. DDC treatment of cultures for 24-48 hours produced swellings of axons and presynaptic endings, the morphological...
journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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doi：10.1097/00005072-197511000-00007
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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doi：10.1097/00005072-199904000-00005
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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doi：10.1097/00005072-199401000-00007
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005072-198707000-00004
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005072-199405000-00008
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005072-197711000-00007
更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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doi：10.1097/00005072-198411000-00005
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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doi：10.1097/00005072-199810000-00002
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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doi：10.1093/jnen/63.7.750
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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doi：10.1097/00005072-199905000-00001
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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