TGF beta 2 and TGF beta 3 are potent survival factors for midbrain dopaminergic neurons.

abstract：:Synapses are lost during developmental synapse elimination. Until now, it has been impossible to follow elimination in the entirety of any neuron's branches and synapses. Using transgenic mice in which one or two of a muscle's motoneurons express variants of GFP, Keller-Peck et al. show in this issue of Neuron that el...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Thompson WJ

更新日期：2001-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is concentrated at the vertebrate neuromuscular synapse. To determine whether increased transcript levels could underlie this selective accumulation, we employed a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-based assay to determine mRNA copy number in samples as small as s...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Jasmin BJ,Lee RK,Rotundo RL

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have devised a simple bioassay for the identification of molecules that inhibit growth cone motility. Chick dorsal root ganglion (DRG) growth cones extending on laminin collapse when exposed to a suspension of embryonic brain membranes. Detergent-solubilized membranes from which the detergent has been removed colla...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Raper JA,Kapfhammer JP

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brief depolarization of cerebellar Purkinje cells was found to inhibit parallel fiber and climbing fiber EPSCs for tens of seconds. This depolarization-induced suppression of excitation (DSE) is accompanied by altered paired-pulse plasticity, suggesting a presynaptic locus. Fluorometric imaging revealed that postsynap...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Kreitzer AC,Regehr WG

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Building on Canada's strong traditions in neuroscience and ethics, neuroethics provides a backbone for the evolving Canadian Brain Research Strategy (CBRS) that, from the outset, incorporates ethically responsible discoveries in brain science into clinical, societal, educational, and commercial innovation. ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Illes J,Weiss S,Bains J,Chandler JA,Conrod P,De Koninck Y,Fellows LK,Groetzinger D,Racine E,Robillard JM,Sokolowski MB

更新日期：2019-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The lateral mobility of neurotransmitter receptors has been shown to tune synaptic signals. Here we report that GABAA receptors (GABAARs) can diffuse between adjacent dendritic GABAergic synapses in long-living desensitized states, thus laterally spreading "activation memories" between inhibitory synapses. Glutamaterg...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： de Luca E,Ravasenga T,Petrini EM,Polenghi A,Nieus T,Guazzi S,Barberis A

更新日期：2017-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We generated transgenic mice that specifically express foreign genes in myelinating Schwann cells. A 1.1 kb segment of 5' flanking sequence from the rat P0 gene was used to drive expression of the genes encoding human growth hormone (hGH) and bacterial diphtheria toxin A chain (DT-A). The P0-hGH mice expressed hGH in ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Messing A,Behringer RR,Hammang JP,Palmiter RD,Brinster RL,Lemke G

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse vision is based on the parallel output of more than 30 functional types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Little is known about how representations of visual information change between retina and dorsolateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus, the main relay between retina and cortex. Here, we functional...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Román Rosón M,Bauer Y,Kotkat AH,Berens P,Euler T,Busse L

更新日期：2019-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:X-ray crystallography has made considerable recent progress in providing static structures of ion channels. Here we describe a complementary method-systematic fluorescence scanning-that reveals the structural dynamics of a channel. Local protein motion was measured from changes in the fluorescent intensity of a fluoro...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Gandhi CS,Loots E,Isacoff EY

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perceptual inference is biased by foreknowledge about what is probable or possible. How prior expectations are neurally represented during visual perception, however, remains unknown. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure brain activity in humans judging simple visual stimuli. Perceptual decisions w...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Summerfield C,Koechlin E

更新日期：2008-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Rho GTPases are essential regulators of cytoskeletal reorganization, but how they do so during neuronal morphogenesis in vivo is poorly understood. Here we show that the actin depolymerization factor cofilin is essential for axon growth in Drosophila neurons. Cofilin function in axon growth is inhibited by LIM kinase ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Ng J,Luo L

更新日期：2004-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the role of the entorhinal cortex in memory at a molecular level, we developed transgenic mice in which transgene expression was inducible and limited to the superficial layers of the medial entorhinal cortex, pre- and parasubiculum. We found that expression of a constitutively active mutant form of CaM...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Yasuda M,Mayford MR

更新日期：2006-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Two articles in this issue of Neuron (Eichner et al. and Clark et al.) attack the problem of explaining how neuronal hardware in Drosophila implements the Reichardt motion detector, one of the most famous computational models in neuroscience, which has proven intractable up to now. ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Gabbiani F,Jones PW

更新日期：2011-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Two cDNAs encoding novel GABAA receptor subunits were isolated from a rat brain library. These subunits, gamma 2 and delta, share approximately 35% sequence identity with alpha and beta subunits and form functional GABA-gated chloride channels when expressed alone in vitro. The gamma 2 subunit is the rat homolog of th...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Shivers BD,Killisch I,Sprengel R,Sontheimer H,Köhler M,Schofield PR,Seeburg PH

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this perspective I tell the story (albeit a clearly abridged version) of how our knowledge of ion conduction through ion channels has evolved from a purely electrical concept to a structural dynamics view of ions interacting with a membrane protein. Our progress in this field has shown steady growth over the years ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Bezanilla F

更新日期：2008-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:We have determined the sequences of isoforms of human tau protein, which differ from previously reported forms by insertions of 29 or 58 amino acids in the amino-terminal region. Complementary DNA cloning shows that the insertions occur in combination with both three and four tandem repeats. RNAase protection assays i...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Goedert M,Spillantini MG,Jakes R,Rutherford D,Crowther RA

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The production of new neurons in the adult hippocampus is exquisitely regulated, and alterations in this process may underlie both normal and pathological hippocampal function. In this issue of Neuron, Tozuka et al. describe electrophysiological recordings that target proliferating progenitor cells in adult mouse hipp...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Deisseroth K,Malenka RC

更新日期：2005-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a recently described neurodegenerative disorder of older adult carriers of premutation alleles (60-200 CGG repeats) in the fragile X mental retardation gene (FMR1). It has been proposed that FXTAS is an RNA-mediated neurodegenerative disease caused by the titratio...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Sofola OA,Jin P,Qin Y,Duan R,Liu H,de Haro M,Nelson DL,Botas J

更新日期：2007-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The accurate formation of synaptic vesicles (SVs) and incorporation of their protein cargo during endocytosis is critical for the maintenance of neurotransmission. During intense neuronal activity, a transient and acute accumulation of SV cargo occurs at the plasma membrane. Activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE) ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Nicholson-Fish JC,Kokotos AC,Gillingwater TH,Smillie KJ,Cousin MA

更新日期：2015-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Particle-mediated gene transfer and two-photon microscopy were used to monitor the behavior of dendrites of individual cortical pyramidal neurons coexpressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). While the dendrites and spines of neurons expressing GFP alone grew modestly over ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Horch HW,Krüttgen A,Portbury SD,Katz LC

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The visual perception of words is known to activate the auditory representation of their spoken forms automatically. We examined the neural mechanism for this phonological activation using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with a masked priming paradigm. The stimulation sites (left superior temporal gyrus [L-STG...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Nakamura K,Hara N,Kouider S,Takayama Y,Hanajima R,Sakai K,Ugawa Y

更新日期：2006-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurotransmitter release can be synchronous and occur within milliseconds of action potential invasion, or asynchronous and persist for tens of milliseconds. The molecular determinants of release kinetics remain poorly understood. It has been hypothesized that asynchronous release dominates when fast Synaptotagmin iso...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Turecek J,Regehr WG

更新日期：2019-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Terminal Schwann cells overlying the neuromuscular junction sprout elaborate processes upon muscle denervation. We show here that motor axons use these processes as guides/substrates during regeneration; in so doing, they escape the confines of endplates and grow between endplates to generate polyneuronal innervation....

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Son YJ,Thompson WJ

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circadian clock proteins are modified in many different ways. The best-studied posttranslational modification is phosphorylation, with well-known kinases and phosphatases regulating the function and stability of clock proteins. Degradation of these proteins usually involves ubiquitylation or sumoylation, and some of t...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Sehgal A

更新日期：2008-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A proposal for an Australian Brain Initiative (ABI) is under development by members of the Australian Brain Alliance. Here we discuss the goals of the ABI, its areas of research focus, its context in the Australian research setting, and its necessity for ensuring continued success for Australian brain research. ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Australian Brain Alliance Steering Committee.

更新日期：2016-11-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Synapses have a limited pool of vesicles that are docked and primed for rapid release. In neuroendocrine cells, splice variants of the SNARE protein SNAP-25 and phosphorylation of SNAP-25 independently influence the size of the releasable vesicle pool, possibly by altering the rate of vesicle depriming. Pre- and postt...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Heidelberger R,Matthews G

更新日期：2004-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Memory consolidation refers to the transformation over time of experience-dependent internal representations and their neurobiological underpinnings. The process is assumed to be embodied in synaptic and cellular modifications at brain circuits in which the memory is initially encoded and to proceed by recurrent react...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Dudai Y,Karni A,Born J

更新日期：2015-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to remember emotional events is crucial for adapting to biologically and socially significant situations. Little is known, however, about the nature of the neural interactions supporting the integration of mnemonic and emotional information. Using fMRI and dynamic models of effective connectivity, we exami...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Smith AP,Stephan KE,Rugg MD,Dolan RJ

更新日期：2006-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In rodents, each main olfactory bulb contains two mirror-symmetric glomerular maps, a feature not found in the initial topographic maps of other sensory systems. Targeting tracer injections to identified glomeruli revealed that isofunctional odor columns-translaminar assemblies connected to a given glomerulus-were spe...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Lodovichi C,Belluscio L,Katz LC

更新日期：2003-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The targeting of sensory afferent neurons in the leech CNS occurs in two discrete steps that are mediated via different carbohydrate recognitions, as shown by molecular perturbations of cultured embryos. A constitutive carbohydrate marker that is generic to all of these neurons mediates their initial defasciculation a...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Song J,Zipser B

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00