Abstract：
:The acquisition of reading is a complex neurobiologic process. Identifying the most effective instruction and remedial intervention methods for children at risk of developing reading problems and for those who are already struggling is equally complex. This article aims to provide the clinician with a review of more current findings on the prevention and remediation of reading problems in children, along with an approach to considering the diagnosis and treatment of a child with dyslexia. The first part of the review describes interventions targeted at preventing reading difficulties in the at-risk younger child. The second part of the review discusses the efficacy of approaches to treat the older, reading-disabled child ("intervention studies"). Factors that impact the response to treatment are also discussed, as are neuroimaging studies that offer insight into how the brain responds to treatment interventions. With appropriate instruction, at-risk readers can become both accurate and fluent readers. In contrast, although intensive, evidence-based remedial interventions can markedly improve reading accuracy in older, reading-disabled children, they have been significantly less effective in closing the fluency gap. Owing to the dynamic course of language development and the changes in language demands over time, even after a child has demonstrated a substantial response to treatment interventions, his or her subsequent progress should be carefully tracked to ensure optimal progress toward the development of functional reading and written language skills.
journal_name
J Child Neuroljournal_title
Journal of child neurologyauthors
Alexander AW,Slinger-Constant AMdoi
10.1177/08830738040190100401subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-10-01 00:00:00pages
744-58issue
10eissn
0883-0738issn
1708-8283journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Erythromelalgia is a rare condition characterized by episodic painful erythema and warmth often affecting, but not limited to, the distal extremities. This condition is notoriously difficult to treat. We report a young female patient with seronegative polyarthritis who presented with a 6-year history of recurrent bout...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073811427784
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Actinopathies are defined by missense mutations in the ACTA1 gene coding for sarcomeric actin, of which some 70 families have, so far, been identified. Often, but not always, muscle fibers carry large patches of actin filaments. Many such patients also have nemaline myopathy, qualifying actinopathies as a subgroup of ...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/08830738040190021201
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain abscesses are uncommon in neonates. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a very uncommon microbial agent to cause brain abscess. We report 2 infants with Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis who developed brain abscesses. One infant was a premature neonate who required mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome and su...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073809338326
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pediatric brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death during childhood. Since the first pediatric brain tumor clinical trials, the field has seen improved outcomes in some, but not all tumor types. In the past few decades, a number of promising new therapeutic agents have emerged, yet only a few of thes...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0883073815604221
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Past, present, and future research activities in Rett syndrome are described. Studies to this point have failed to define a biologic or chemical marker. It is hoped that heightened activity in this unique syndrome will provide guidance for the diagnosis of this disorder, and with it, better understanding. ...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0883073888003001s14
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ketogenic therapy is now an accepted treatment for pediatric and adult patients with medically refractory epilepsy.1-3 However, young adults treated with a ketogenic diet face unique challenges when transitioning to adult neurology providers.4 The variable acceptance of dietary therapy, paucity of nutritionists and ad...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073820938587
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six girls between 2 years 9 months and 15 years of age with Rett syndrome were thoroughly investigated. Blood ammonia levels varied between 42 and 123 mumol/L, and serum lactate concentration was slightly elevated in two girls. Electroencephalograms showed a dysrhythmic pattern during wakefulness; during drowsiness an...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/088307389000500311
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autism is characterized by social deficits, communication and language impairments, narrow restricted interests, repetitive behaviors, inattention, and hyperactivity. While selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in treating core symptoms of autism, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors have de...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/088307380001500214
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormal cerebral venous drainage is associated with hypoxia and glucose deprivation, which can account for progressive neurologic deterioration in Sturge-Weber syndrome. Although developmental delay is common in Sturge-Weber syndrome, bihemispheric calcification is uncommon. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic reso...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/088307389801301203
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuromotor function was assessed in 94 children of normal intelligence with Tourette syndrome, Tourette syndrome and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or ADHD only, using the Physical and Neurological Examination of Subtle Signs (PANESS). Time to complete six motor movements was analyzed separately by s...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/088307389701200705
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To evaluate the effect of early treatment of congenital hypothyroidism on central nervous system development, auditory brainstem evoked potentials were determined in 32 patients with hyperthyrotropinemia diagnosed during neonatal screening. The patients included 27 with congenital hypothyroidism and 5 with transient h...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/088307380201700707
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was conducted to determine the occurrence, severity, and risk factors of gingival enlargement in children treated with valproate and other nonvalproate antiepileptic drugs. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which data obtained from 68 epileptic children under treatment were compared with those from...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/08830738040190120901
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is increased necessity to focus research on school-aged athletes with sports-related concussion (SRC). This study assessed differences in symptom reporting and neurocognitive performance in youth athletes who sustained a sports-related concussion. A total of 1345 concussed and 3529 nonconcussed athletes (ages 8-...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073818766815
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual electrophysiological techniques represent excellent means for assessing retinal, optic pathways and visual cortex function. Electroretinograms, visual evoked potentials, and clinical records of 17 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis registered in the neurophysiological database of our institution were reviewed ...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073812453322
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the safety and tolerability of adjunctive eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) in pediatric patients (aged 4-17 years) with refractory focal seizures. METHODS:Pooled safety data from patients aged 4-17 years in Study 208 (NCT01527513) and Study 305 (NCT00988156) were analyzed. Both were randomized, doub...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073819890997
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apneic neonatal seizures can present as apparent life-threatening events. We report a newborn with unexplained episodes of apnea associated with cyanosis and desaturation, starting on the first day postpartum. Biochemical tests were normal. Central nervous system infections as well as abnormalities of upper airways an...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073813481403
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed pediatrician awareness of the parameter ''Evaluating the first non-febrile seizure in children'' and how the concepts of this parameter were incorporated into practice. Although most reported caring for children with seizures, 60% were not aware of the practice parameter. When given the clinical scenario o...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073809332766
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Homocystinuria represents a group of hereditary metabolic disorders characterized by an accumulation of homocysteine in the serum and an increased excretion of homocysteine in the urine. The infantile form is severe: the main clinical findings are neurologic signs, associated with hematological signs and bone alterati...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073809336877
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 13-month-old boy presented with repeated episodes of tongue biting during sleep. On evaluation, he was found to have hereditary chin trembling, a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by continuous or intermittent tremulous activity of the mentalis muscle. This is the first report of this kind from India. ...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/08830738060210111101
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neonatal seizures are one of the most common neurological disorders in infants. However, the optimal treatment strategy for neonatal seizures remains controversial and there is little data regarding current treatment of neonatal seizures. In this study we describe the current treatment of neonatal seizures and variati...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073808321056
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Congenital lumbar spinal stenosis is believed to rarely cause neurologic symptoms during childhood. We present a 16-year-old boy with bilateral congenital clubfeet surgically corrected by tendo Achillis releases at 2 years of age who presented with progressive, bilateral footdrop. Magnetic resonance imaging of his lum...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/088307380201700122
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Freely available software, derived from the past 2 decades of neuroimaging research, is significantly more flexible for research purposes than presently available clinical tools. Here, we describe and demonstrate the utility of rapidly deployable analysis software to facilitate trainee-driven translational neuroimagin...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073816668113
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonconvulsive status epilepticus is a prolonged and continuous state of increased unawareness without overt motor seizures linked with repetitive generalized epileptic discharges. In children, it may occur de novo but more commonly may complicate a preexisting epileptic disorder. We report on a 2-year-old female who p...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/088307380101600310
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between neurologic findings and outcome of patients with West syndrome, focusing on the popliteal angle. The complete neurologic examination, including an assessment of the popliteal angle and muscle tone, was performed on 45 patients with West syndrome. A tight po...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/08830738060210101801
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children with neurodevelopmental disorders are at increased risk for sleep issues, which affect quality of life, cognitive function, and behavior. To determine the prevalence of sleep problems in children with the common neurodevelopmental disorder neurofibromatosis type 1, a cross-sectional study was performed on 129...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073813500849
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Meralgia paresthetica is a mononeuropathy affecting the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve that is extremely rare in children. Two adolescent females, aged 11 and 13 years, presented due to tingling and pain on the side of the thigh of 2 to 3 weeks duration. The general examination revealed mild obesity; the neurological...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073809336130
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracranial tumors are the most common solid tumors in children. The infratentorial compartment will be the primary site for 60% to 70% of these tumors, including astrocytomas, medulloblastomas, and ependymomas. Several technological advancements have increased our knowledge of the cell biology of pediatric brain tum...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0883073808321768
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spectrum of clinical disease in juvenile Huntington's disease differs from that seen in adults. Younger patients often present with seizures, dystonia and rigidity. The mechanism and type of seizures, timing of onset and electrographic features have not been well characterized in either adults or children. We desc...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article assessed how Indian providers and mothers value quality of life in pediatric disabilities, hypothesizing lower values with increasing disability, lower values among providers than mothers, and lower values among mothers with versus mothers without a disabled child. We asked 175 participants: "If born tomo...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0883073818773941
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seven school-aged children treated for temporal lobe astrocytomas with surgical resection and irradiation were prospectively tested to evaluate their intellectual, academic, personality, and neurologic status after therapy. At their most recent follow-up examination, neuropsychologic functioning was adequate in only t...
journal_title：Journal of child neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/088307388800300111
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
