Abstract：
:Heterogeneous formation of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs) and dibenzofurans (CDFs) on CuCl2 from three phenols without ortho chlorine and one phenol with two ortho chlorines was studied in a flow reactor over a temperature range of 325-450 degrees C. Heated nitrogen gas streams containing 8% oxygen, 1.5% benzene vapor, and equal amounts of phenol, 3-chlorophenol, 3,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol vapor (700 ppmv, each) were passed through a 1 g particle bed of silica and 0.5% (Cu mass) CuCl2. Maximum product yields of greater than 1.4% phenol conversion to CDD and 5.7% phenol conversion to CDF were observed between 400 and 450 degrees C. CDDs formed with loss of one chlorine atom were favored. While total CDD/F yield varied with temperature, CDD/F homologue and isomer distributions did not vary significantly with temperature. Based on the results of experiments with single phenol precursors, phenol precursors could be assigned to all PCDD/F products. Of the chlorinated phenols without ortho chlorine that were studied, 3,4-dichlorophenol was found to have the greatest propensity to form CDFs.
journal_name
Chemospherejournal_title
Chemosphereauthors
Ryu JY,Mulholland JAdoi
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.08.084subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-02-01 00:00:00pages
977-88issue
7eissn
0045-6535issn
1879-1298pii
S0045-6535(04)00744-1journal_volume
58pub_type
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