Human T cell leukemia virus type I Tax activates CD40 gene expression via the NF-kappa B pathway.

Abstract:

:The human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is an oncogenic retrovirus that is etiologically linked to the genesis of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) as well as HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Emerging evidence suggests that the pathogenicity of HTLV-I involves deregulated activation of immune cells, especially T lymphocytes, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that HTLV-I Tax induces the aberrant expression of CD40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family that plays an important role in lymphocyte activation and differentiation. In a panel of HTLV-I-transformed T cell lines analyzed, CD40 expression was highly elevated compared to HTLV-I-negative T cells. Using Tax mutants and a genetically manipulated T cell system, we demonstrated that Tax-induced CD40 expression required the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. In addition, ligation of CD40 on T cells with recombinant CD40L elicited NF-kappaB activation, suggesting that the CD40 pathway is intact and may participate in a positive regulatory loop in T cells. CD40 ligation strongly synergized with Tax to activate NF-kappaB, suggesting that CD40 signals may costimulate Tax-mediated NF-kappaB activation, particularly when Tax is expressed at low levels. Collectively, these results indicate that CD40 is a novel Tax-regulated gene, and the regulation of CD40 by Tax may play a role in cellular activation and HTLV-I-induced disease pathogenesis.

journal_name

Virology

journal_title

Virology

authors

Harhaj EW,Harhaj NS,Grant C,Mostoller K,Alefantis T,Sun SC,Wigdahl B

doi

10.1016/j.virol.2004.12.008

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-03-01 00:00:00

pages

145-58

issue

1

eissn

0042-6822

issn

1096-0341

pii

S0042-6822(04)00841-4

journal_volume

333

pub_type

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