Wet suit effect: a comparison between competitive swimmers and triathletes.

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine whether fasting plasma leptin concentration was altered with an increase in training volume in competitive male and female athletes. METHODS:Intercollegiate male (N = 9) and female (N = 12) swimmers were examined during the preseason and at two times during the mid-se...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Noland RC,Baker JT,Boudreau SR,Kobe RW,Tanner CJ,Hickner RC,McCammon MR,Houmard JA

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The objective of this study is to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) on level of agreement between six previously established prediction equations for three commonly used accelerometers to predict summary measures of energy expenditure (EE) in youth. METHODS:One hundred and thirty-one youth between ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Warolin J,Carrico AR,Whitaker LE,Wang L,Chen KY,Acra S,Buchowski MS

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study compared the effects of exercise or TXB2 and beta-TG when evaluated by four methods: 1) not adjusted; 2) adjusted for plasma volume changes (PV); 3) standardized per 10(5) platelets (PC); 4) or both PC and PV (PC-PV). Blood was collected from 16 men (41.3 +/- 8.1 yr) at rest after 30 min of exercise (IPE) a...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Todd MK,Goldfarb AH,Burleson C

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Interval exercise training can elicit physiological adaptations similar to those of traditional endurance training, but with reduced time. However, the intense nature of specific protocols, particularly the "all-out" efforts characteristic of sprint interval training (SIT), may be perceived as being aversi...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Stork MJ,Kwan MY,Gibala MJ,Martin Ginis KA

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Cold-water immersion (CWI) and whole body cryotherapy (WBC) are widely used recovery methods in an attempt to limit exercise-induced muscle damage, soreness, and functional deficits after strenuous exercise. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ecologically valid CWI and WBC protocols on postexer...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Mawhinney C,Low DA,Jones H,Green DJ,Costello JT,Gregson W

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:For optimal health benefits, moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) is recommended in sustained bouts lasting ≥10 min. However, short spurts of MVPA lasting <10 min are more common in everyday life. It is unclear whether short spurts of MVPA further protect against the development of hypert...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： White DK,Gabriel KP,Kim Y,Lewis CE,Sternfeld B

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Exogenous ketones potentially provide an alternative, energetically advantageous fuel to power exercising skeletal muscle. However, there is limited evidence regarding their relative contribution to energy expenditure during exercise. Furthermore, the effect of blood ketone concentration and exercise inten...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Dearlove DJ,Harrison OK,Hodson L,Jefferson A,Clarke K,Cox PJ

更新日期：2020-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to measure the effects of temporal parameters on both ball velocity and upper limb joint kinetics to identify pathomechanical factors during the tennis serve and (b) to validate these pathomechanical factors by comparing injured and noninjured players. METHODS:The ser...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Martin C,Kulpa R,Ropars M,Delamarche P,Bideau B

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The magnitude of atrophy and strength loss induced by partial or complete disuse of skeletal muscles varies greatly among individuals. Factors predisposing some individuals to more extreme responses have not been identified. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether 1) level of activity before ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Miles MP,Heil DP,Larson KR,Conant SB,Schneider SM

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The taper is a progressive nonlinear reduction of the training load during a variable period of time, in an attempt to reduce the physiological and psychological stress of daily training and optimize sports performance. The aim of the taper should be to minimize accumulated fatigue without compromising adaptations. Th...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Mujika I,Padilla S

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE:Cycling is associated with a reproducible systolic anterograde and diastolic retrograde flow pattern in the brachial artery (BA) of the inactive upper limb, which results in endothelial nitric oxide (NO) release. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of different types and intensities...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Thijssen DH,Dawson EA,Black MA,Hopman MT,Cable NT,Green DJ

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of strenuous exercise on heart rate variability (HRV). METHODS:We evaluated the effects of exercise intensity and duration on HRV indices in 14 healthy trained subjects. Each subject exercised for 3, 6, and 9 min at 60 and 70% of the power achieved at maximal oxygen consumption (PVO2...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Pichon AP,de Bisschop C,Roulaud M,Denjean A,Papelier Y

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Postactivation potentiation (PAP), i.e., the increase in twitch torque following a maximal voluntary conditioning contraction, has been shown to depend on muscle contractile conditions (e.g., muscle length). Few studies, however, have investigated the extent of twitch PAP under dynamic conditions in human subje...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Babault N,Maffiuletti NA,Pousson M

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Acute stress can increase fatigability and decrease steadiness of sustained low-force contractions that are required for functional tasks in upper limb muscles. Whether motor performance is more impaired in people with a chronic stress disorder is not known. PURPOSE:This study compared the fatigability an...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Keller-Ross ML,Schlinder-Delap B,Doyel R,Larson G,Hunter SK

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:In this study, we examined the effects of body position (from deep to high position) in slide boarding by well-trained cross-country skiers. The main hypothesis was that a deeper, more "crouched" position would lead to reduced air resistance and enhanced power production during explosive extension of the lower ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Leirdal S,Saetran L,Roeleveld K,Vereijken B,Bråten S,Løset S,Holtermann A,Ettema G

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of regular CHO beverage ingestion and restricted fluid intake on various salivary parameters during prolonged cycle exercise. METHODS:In a randomized block design, 15 recreationally active men cycled for 2 h at 60% VO2max on three occasions, separated by 1 wk...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bishop NC,Blannin AK,Armstrong E,Rickman M,Gleeson M

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sudden cardiac death is always a tragedy. Sudden death during sport is particularly poignant because people tend to associate sport with health and fitness. Both the public and the medical profession would like to prevent such events, and preparticipation medical screening is often promoted as one such method. When we...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： MacAuley D

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low-intensity exercise (less than or equal to 50% VO2max) has been demonstrated to produce heat acclimation (HA) in trained subjects. The purpose of this study was to determine whether shorter-duration, moderate-intensity exercise would also result in HA. Nine trained runners performed two 9-d exercise heat-stress pro...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Houmard JA,Costill DL,Davis JA,Mitchell JB,Pascoe DD,Robergs RA

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This is the first study to use the quiet eye (QE) as an objective measure of visuomotor control underpinning proficiency differences in children's motor coordination. METHODS:Fifty-seven, year 5 primary school children (9-10 yr old) completed the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (MABC-2...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Wilson MR,Miles CA,Vine SJ,Vickers JN

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:The extent of and the interactions between muscle strength, walking speed, postural control, and symptomatic fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS) are not known, nor are the effects of bilateral strength asymmetries on these variables. PURPOSE:To quantify the magnitude of and the associations between bilateral...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Chung LH,Remelius JG,Van Emmerik RE,Kent-Braun JA

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the associations between participation frequency in physical education (PE) classes and objective measures of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in children from 12 countries at different levels of development. METHODS:This multinational, cross-sectional study includ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Silva DAS,Chaput JP,Katzmarzyk PT,Fogelholm M,Hu G,Maher C,Olds T,Onywera V,Sarmiento OL,Standage M,Tudor-Locke C,Tremblay MS

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purposes of this study were to evaluate (a) the effects of step rate and upper body support on the VO2 and HR responses to fixed work rates on the StairMaster 4000 (SM), (b) the accuracy of the SM settings, and (c) how HR compared with that measured during grade-walking on a treadmill. Six subjects worked at a slo...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Howley ET,Colacino DL,Swensen TC

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE:Critical power (CP) is a fundamental parameter defining high-intensity exercise tolerance; however, its physiological determinants are incompletely understood. The present study determined the impact of hyperoxia on CP, the time constant of phase II pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics (τV˙O2), and mus...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Goulding RP,Roche DM,Marwood S

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Exercise improves the diagnostic performance of ankle-to-brachial index (ABI) in the detection of exercise-induced arterial endofibrosis (EIAE). Pressure values for all four limbs are required to calculate ABI, but rapid systemic pressure changes occur during the recovery period from exercise. We checked whethe...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Le Faucheur A,Noury-Desvaux B,Jaquinandi V,Louis Saumet J,Abraham P

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To comprehensively quantify through daily, serial measures changes in knee laxity as a function of changing sex-hormone levels across one complete menstrual cycle. METHODS:Twenty-five females, 18 - 30 yr, body mass index < or = 30, who reported normal menstrual cycles (28-32 d) over the past 6 months participa...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Shultz SJ,Kirk SE,Johnson ML,Sander TC,Perrin DH

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A decrease in hepatic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity following endurance training has been a consistent observation. In the present study, we sought to determine whether the training-induced decrease in hepatic LDH activity (pyruvate = substrate) was associated with a shift in the isoenzyme profile and/or altera...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Sumida KD,Frisch F,Donovan CM

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the effects of footwear and neuromuscular fatigue induced by short distance trail running (TR) on running economy (RE) and biomechanics in well-trained and traditionally shod runners. METHODS:RE, vertical and leg stiffness (Kvert and Kleg), as well as foot strike angle were measured...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Vercruyssen F,Tartaruga M,Horvais N,Brisswalter J

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of 14C as tracer to measure lactate turnover and oxidation and its role in gluconeogenesis are discussed. Lactate is formed as well as utilized in many cells, and most of it in the body is present within cells so that interpretation of 14C data from labelled lactate is more complex and more difficult than that...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Katz J

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Cardiac aldosterone might be involved in the deleterious effects of nandrolone decanoate (ND) on the heart. Therefore, we investigated the involvement of cardiac aldosterone, by the pharmacological block of AT1 or mineralocorticoid receptors, on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. METHODS:Male Wistar rats were r...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Do Carmo EC,Fernandes T,Koike D,Da Silva ND Jr,Mattos KC,Rosa KT,Barretti D,Melo SF,Wichi RB,Irigoyen MC,de Oliveira EM

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By placing the muscles of the take-off leg in faster eccentric or slower concentric conditions, a high jumper can increase the ground reaction force and the height of the jump. Film analysis of seven high jumpers showed that the radial velocity of the center of mass with respect to the supporting foot was more negativ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Dapena J,Chung CS

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00