Abstract:
OBJECT:Females comprise an increasing percentage of the athlete population across all age groups, and analysis of recent literature reveals that they sustain more concussions in collegiate sports. Results of human and animal studies indicate that females may have poorer outcomes after traumatic brain injury; however, no return-to-play guideline takes sex or other individual differences into account. In the present study the authors evaluated the influence of patient sex on objective neurocognitive performance and subjective reporting of symptoms following sports-related concussion. METHODS:According to preseason baseline neurocognitive computerized testing in 2340 male and female high school and collegiate athletes, individuals who sustained sports-related concussions (155 persons) were reevaluated using an alternate form of the cognitive test. Sex differences in the magnitude of cognitive change from baseline levels and the subjective experience of symptoms were analyzed. To account for the possible protective effects of helmets, comparisons were performed among females, males with helmets, and males without helmets; none of the female athletes wore helmets. Female athletes had significantly greater declines in simple and complex reaction times relative to preseason baseline levels, and they reported more postconcussion symptoms compared with males. As a group, females were cognitively impaired approximately 1.7 times more frequently than males following concussions. Furthermore, females experienced more objective and subjective adverse effects from concussion even after adjusting for the use of helmets by some groups of male athletes (for example, in football). CONCLUSIONS:Return-to-play decisions and concussion management must be objective and made on an individual basis, including consideration of factors such as patient sex rather than relying on a one-size-fits-all guideline.
journal_name
J Neurosurgjournal_title
Journal of neurosurgeryauthors
Broshek DK,Kaushik T,Freeman JR,Erlanger D,Webbe F,Barth JTdoi
10.3171/jns.2005.102.5.0856subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-05-01 00:00:00pages
856-63issue
5eissn
0022-3085issn
1933-0693journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECT:Continuous intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring using an epidural sensor is a common technique used in selected neurosurgical patients. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and accuracy of the Neurodur-P epidural sensor in the clinical setting. METHODS:The zero drift, as well as the medical and tech...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/JNS/2008/108/5/0934
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:From the moment an intracranial aneurysm ruptures, cerebral blood flow is impaired, and this impairment mainly determines the outcome in patients who survive after the initial bleeding. The exact mechanism of impairment is unknown, but activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis correlate with clinical condition ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3171/jns.2003.99.6.0953
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Profound arterial hypotension is a commonly used adjunct in surgery for aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations. Hyperventilation with hypocapnia is also used in these patients to increase brain slackness. Both measures reduce cerebral blood flow (CBF). Of concern is whether CBF is reduced below ischemic thresholds ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1985.63.6.0937
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl-2-cyanoacrylate was used to mechanically immobilize the coronal suture unilaterally in a series of New Zealand white rabbits at varying ages. The animals were separated into groups; some were sacrificed at 30 day and some at 60 days postoperatively. Amalgam markers were placed in the parietal and frontal bones ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1980.53.6.0794
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meningiomas have been reported to have associated areas of surrounding low density on computerized tomography (CT). These low-density areas may represent edema, widened subarachnoid spaces, loculated cerebrospinal fluid, demyelination, or adjacent tumor. Two cases are presented in which this adjacent area of low densi...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1979.50.1.0103
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Remington humane stunner was used to deliver blows to the skulls of anesthetized cats. Alternate animals were post-treated with either dexamethasone (4 mg/kg/day) or a comparable volume of saline. Each animal was tested for cerebral edema 48 hours after impact by measurement of the change in density of white matter ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1978.48.2.0220
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE Neurosurgical intervention may increase the risk of developing cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT). The clinical management of CVT in postoperative patients remains unclear. This retrospective study explores the disease occurrence, associated risk factors, and outcomes in patients with tumors who ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2016.11.JNS161871
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Mitoxantrone is a drug with potent in vitro activity against malignant brain tumor cell lines; however, its effectiveness as a systemic agent has been hampered by poor central nervous system penetration and dose-limiting myelosuppression. To avoid these problems, we incorporated mitoxantrone into biodegradable p...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.2002.97.5.1173
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contemporary American culture, the term "brain surgeon" conjures up the image of an intensely single-minded professional, who deals with terribly complex matters of life and death. These descriptors find their personification in Harvey Cushing, because they are derived directly from him. This hypothesis was tested ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1991.75.5.0808
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An intraventricular glioma occupying all four ventricles of the brain in children is very uncommon. The authors report a unique case of a tetraventricular Grade II astrocytoma with evidence of extension into the basal cisterns in a 5-year-old boy who had a 1-month history of headache. There was no neurological deficit...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/ped.2007.106.2.134
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A technique of "frameless" stereotaxy that allows real-time intraoperative neurosurgical localization is described. The system is composed of four components: a hand-held probe containing two ultrasonic emitters, a microphone array that is rigidly affixed to the operating table in proximity to the surgical field, hard...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1993.78.3.0510
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The authors' objective was 2-fold: 1) to compare outcomes of microsurgical resection for vestibular schwannoma (VS) between patients aged 70 years or older and patients younger than 70 years and 2) to test the hypothesis that symptomatic tumors in elderly patients represent a more aggressive variant of VS than t...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2013.6.JNS122433
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Historically, destructive procedures for cancer pain were the main line of treatment therapy. However, the use of high-dose opioids has essentially replaced such procedures. Recognition of the limits of medical therapy to treat cancer pain effectively is growing, while conversely, in regions with limited access ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2010.6.JNS10119
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Choroid plexus papillomas and mature human choroid plexus were studied by light and electron microscopic techniques. The mature choroid plexus has three types of cells: Type I cells are cuboidal or columnar cells and line the villi; Type II cells are flat cells lining connective tissue adjacent to neural tissue; and T...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1983.59.6.1054
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical and pathological data of 66 patients with orbital cavernous hemangioma are presented. This tumor occurs in females more frequently than in males, and has its peak incidence in early middle age. Visual disability results from a high degree of relative hyperopia or from optic-nerve compression. Postural or ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1979.51.2.0219
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This series of 228 patients with infantile non-neoplastic hydrocephalus who received either a ventriculoatrial (VA) or a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt before 2 years of age was followed for an average of 7 years, and the results with the two types of shunt were compared. Mortality and infection rates were similar fo...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1979.50.2.0179
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients with vein of Galen malformations, high-flow shunting decreases cerebral perfusion. By reducing or eliminating these shunts, transarterial embolization can improve cerebral perfusion and clinical outcomes. Quantifying pre- and postembolization shunt blood flow may help determine the optimal timing and effic...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/ped.2006.104.1.41
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-seven patients with acute cervical spine injuries and associated major neurological deficit were examined within 2 weeks of injury by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. All patients had abnormal scans, indicating intramedullary lesions. This study was undertaken to determine if the early MR imaging pattern had a p...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1992.76.2.0218
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five patients with typical cervical myeloradiculopathy caused by focal cervical spinal stenosis are presented. Dorsal intrusions into the spinal canal by hypertrophied apophyseal joints and thickened laminae resulted in cord and nerve root compression. Minor spondylotic changes were present in the floor of the spinal ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1978.49.3.0387
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saccular aneurysms arising at locations other than at arterial divisions are extremely rare. The authors describe eight such aneurysms that protruded from the dorsal wall of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and were unrelated to any arterial junction. Radical surgery was performed in all eight cases. The aneurysms we...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1986.65.3.0303
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVEThe pathogenesis of dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) remains poorly defined. Prior studies on thrombophilia as a risk factor for DAVF development are limited by small sample sizes and poor generalizability.METHODSIn this longitudinal observational study, all patients with intracranial DAVFs evaluated at t...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2017.10.JNS171987
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with a giant traumatic aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery presented with recurrent massive epistaxis 30 years after a head injury. During an episode of acute hemorrhage, this patient was effectively treated with occlusion of the internal carotid artery circulation by a detachable inflatable balloo...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1988.68.1.0142
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:This study offers clinical support for the concept that neurosurgical interruption of a midline posterior column pathway by performing a punctate midline myelotomy (PMM) provides significant pain relief without causing adverse neurological sequelae in cancer patients with visceral pain refractory to other therap...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/spi.2000.92.2.0125
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral blood volume (CBV) was calculated in gerbils from specific-gravity (SG) changes between normal and saline-perfused brains. Furthermore, changes in CBV were investigated during ischemia using carbon-14-labeled dextran (MW 70,000) as an intravascular marker. Both data were used to evaluate the possible error du...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1985.62.5.0704
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE Epilepsy surgery is an effective means of treating focal epilepsy associated with long-term epilepsy-associated tumors. This study evaluated a large population of surgically treated patients with childhood onset of epilepsy and a histologically confirmed diagnosis of long-term epilepsy-associated tumors. The...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2016.9.JNS161176
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventy-four consecutive patients who had undergone carotid endarterectomy procedures were examined with intravenous digital subtraction angiography (IV-DSA) and duplex ultrasonography (DUS) at intervals ranging from 1 to 14 months postoperatively. Ninety-one percent of the DUS and 74% of the DSA images were of diagno...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1987.66.1.0088
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The authors investigated whether skull base resection and primary free-flap reconstruction in a single-stage surgery is oncologically effective for treating advanced stages of recurrent skin cancer (RSC) of the head. METHODS:Eighteen consecutive patients were surgically treated. Twelve of them underwent an ante...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.2004.100.4.0652
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Because little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the process of spondylosis, the authors examined the extent of genetic localization of several members of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and BMP receptors in chondrogenesis during the process of inducing spondylosis in their previously establish...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/spi.2001.94.1.0068
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The cerebellomedullary fissure (CMF) is a space between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata, which often adhere to each other. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the importance of the unilateral CMF dissection for clipping vertebral artery (VA)-posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) an...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2012.10.JNS12603
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Tyrosine kinases play an important role in the regulation of systemic vascular smooth-muscle tone. The authors studied the involvement of protein tyrosine kinase activity in erythrocyte lysate-mediated signal transduction in cerebral smooth-muscle cells. METHODS:Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation and intracellular...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1999.90.4.0743
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00