Abstract:
:A number of researchers have suggested a functional relationship between dietary variation and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology, yet few studies have evaluated TMJ form in the African apes. In this study, I compare TMJ morphology in adults and during ontogeny in Gorilla (G.g. beringei, G.g. graueri, and G.g. gorilla) and Pan (P. paniscus, P. troglodytes troglodytes, P.t. schweinfurthii, and P.t. verus). I test two hypotheses: first, compared to all other African apes, G.g. beringei exhibits TMJ morphologies that would be predicted for a primate that consumes a diet comprised primarily of moderately to very tough, leafy vegetation; and second, all gorillas exhibit the same predicted morphologies compared to Pan. Compared to all adult African apes, G.g. beringei has higher rami and condyles positioned further above the occlusal plane of the mandible, relative to jaw length. Thus, mountain gorillas have the potential to generate relatively more muscle force, more evenly distribute occlusal forces along the postcanine teeth, and generate relatively greater jaw adductor moment. G.g. beringei also exhibits relatively wider mandibular condyles, suggesting these folivorous apes are able to resist relatively greater compressive loads along the lateral and/or medial aspect of the condyle. All gorillas likewise exhibit these same shape differences compared to Pan. These morphological responses are the predicted consequences of intensification of folivory and, as such, provide support for functional hypotheses linking these TMJ morphologies to degree of folivory. The African apes to not, however, demonstrate a systematic pattern of divergence in relative condylar area as a function of intensification of folivory. The ontogenetic trajectories for gorillas are significantly elevated above those of Pan, and to a lesser but still significant degree, mountain gorillas similarly deviate from lowland gorillas (G.g. gorilla and G.g. graueri). Thus, adult shape differences in ramal and condylar heights do not result from the simple extrapolation of common growth allometries relative to jaw length. As such, they are suggestive of an adaptive shift towards a tougher, more folivorous diet. However, the allometric patterning for condylar area and condylar width does not systematically conform to predictions based on dietary specialization. Thus, while differences in condylar shapes may confer functional advantages both during growth and as adults, there is no evidence to suggest selection for altered condylar proportions, independent of the effects of changes in jaw size.
journal_name
J Hum Evoljournal_title
Journal of human evolutionauthors
Taylor ABdoi
10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.01.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-06-01 00:00:00pages
555-74issue
6eissn
0047-2484issn
1095-8606pii
S0047-2484(05)00015-1journal_volume
48pub_type
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jhev.1997.0180
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.08.003
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jhev.2001.0471
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.04.001
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.04.006
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.02.007
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.12.009
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.06.002
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2004.08.005
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.10.005
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.01.017
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.08.002
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2010.03.014
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jhev.1999.0344
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.04.004
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.06.014
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.10.014
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00