Abstract:
:Adult patients with damage centered around the frontal eye fields are severely impaired in the ability to suppress unwanted automatic saccades and in the ability to make volitional eye movements. Over the first few weeks of life most saccades generated by infants appear to be automatic, and are triggered in response to exogenous factors. In the first experiment, the ability of 4-month-old infants to inhibit automatic saccades was studied by exposing them to a series of trials in which a peripheral cue stimulus predicted the location (opposite) in which a colorful, dynamic target stimulus appeared. The results indicate that 4-month-old infants are able to learn to inhibit automatic saccades to a peripheral stimulus, implying maturation of the frontal eye fields by this age. The results of Experiment 2, in which there was no contingent relationship between the cue and target, indicated that the decline in orienting to the cue observed in the first experiment was not due to differential habituation to the less-complex stimulus.
journal_name
Dev Psychobioljournal_title
Developmental psychobiologyauthors
Johnson MHdoi
10.1002/dev.420280504subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-07-01 00:00:00pages
281-91issue
5eissn
0012-1630issn
1098-2302journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Behavioral and neuromorphological data have suggested at least a partial interaction between the effects of norepinephrine-depleting neonatal 6-OHDA lesions and the effects of rearing in enriched environments. The present study examined the impact of both of these early manipulations upon regional brain uptake of 14C-...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420250304
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor overflow is extraneous movement in a limb not involved in a motor action. Typically, overflow is observed in people with neurological impairments and in healthy children and adults during strenuous and attention-demanding tasks. In the current study, we found that young infants produce vast amounts of motor over...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.20595
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental conditions during early development play a crucial role in shaping an organism's phenotype. To test how social group size affects stress response and behavioral characteristics, we used great tits (Parus major) from selection lines for exploratory behavior, a proxy for an avian personality trait, and bir...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.20533
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined regional brain electrical activity (EEG), heart rate, and subjective responses at rest and during the presentation of videoclips designed to elicit a range of emotions (e.g., sadness, anger, happiness, fear) among a sample of healthy 4-year-old children selected for temperamental shyness. We found that shy...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.20133
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor activity increases during development and typically peaks before reproductive maturity. Males may become more active than do females, and this sex difference in activity may be a mechanism contributing to sex-biased dispersal. The generality of the link between sex differences in activity and sex differences in ...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.20286
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using techniques developed by Hall (1975) and modified by Diaz (1991), we maintained rat pups in total social isolation from the time they were 2 or 3 days of age until they were 42 days old. We found that rat pups reared in social isolation exhibited susceptibility to social enhancement of food preference indistingui...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420270202
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The long allele of the DRD4 gene can confer different behavioral and emotional phenotypes depending upon environmental exposure, although the physiological changes underlying these phenotypes are not fully known. We sought to extend this work by assessing the interaction of the DRD4 gene and exposure to pe...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.21539
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a soft rubber plug to block airflow in one naris, Kucharski, Johanson, and Hall (1986) found that some forms of olfactory memory (e.g., odor preferences) were lateralized in young rats while other forms (e.g., conditioned activation and mouthing) were not. The present experiments extended that research by showin...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1098-2302(200011)37:3<121::aid-dev1>3.0.co
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A longitudinal study of hand preferences was assessed in a sample of 53 captive chimpanzees. Four measures of laterality assessed during the first 3 months of life were correlated with three measures of hand preferences assessed when the subjects were between 2 and 5 years of age. In addition, the effect of rearing en...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxytocin (OT) has an organizational effect within the central nervous system and can have long-lasting effects on the expression of social behavior. OT has recently been implicated in modulating the release of serotonin through activation of receptors in the raphe nuclei. Here we test the hypothesis that OT can have a...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.20566
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::These experiments indicate that by Day 15 after birth, the processes that mediate a number of taste-controlled behaviors in the rat are functional. These include the sensory processes necessary to detect and respond reflexively to sucrose, the event-learning processes that reduce the rat's neophobic reaction to sucros...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420170103
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite evidence that acute stress impairs attention in adults, there has been minimal research in children. Here, the effects of acute stress on Go/No-go performance were examined in young children (M age = 5.41 years). Given the critical role of the parent-child relationship to children's self-regulatory development...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.21915
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this investigation was to examine coupling between visual information and body sway in children and young adults at various distances from a moving room front wall. Sixty children (from 4 to 14 years old) and 10 young adults stood upright inside a moving room that was oscillated at .2 and .5 Hz, at dist...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.20272
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of prenatal exposure to stress and to naltrexone on emotional behaviors were studied in CD1 mice during ontogeny and in the adulthood. During ontogeny (a) lower body weights were initially found in pups born by mothers injected with naltrexone; (b) treatments did not affect sensory motor development except...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420210309
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Passive avoidance learning was studied in young rats 7-20 days old, in control conditions and after bilateral injections of physostigmine into the lateral amygdaloid nucleus. Acquisition in controls was possible from postnatal Day 8 on, progressed markedly after Day 11, and nearly reached maturity by Day 20. Physostig...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420210606
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A U-shaped function of behavioral growth characterizes the early ontogeny of face grooming in mice. In the first few postnatal days (0-100 hr), mice groom their face by using temporally isolated strokes, or bouts of strokes, which vary in amplitude and symmetry. Later on (100-200 hr), bouts disappear, asymmetry is eli...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420180609
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Puberty marks the beginning of a period of dramatic physical, hormonal, and social change. This instability has made adolescence infamous as a time of "storm and stress" and it is well-established that stress during adolescence can be particularly damaging. However, prior stress may also shape the adolescent experienc...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.21765
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contrast to other aspects of species-specific development, language development represents both the universal thrust of biologically based capacities and the socially differentiated results of human experience in culturally structured worlds. This article presents a theoretical approach for understanding the ways t...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420230712
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thiamine deficiency (B1 vitamin) was induced during three periods of rat central nervous system (CNS) ontogenesis. Females were fed a thiamine deficient diet such that developing offspring were exposed either to pre-, peri-, or postnatal thiamine deficiency. To control the effects of undernourishment generated by diff...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.20105
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Handled rabbit pups react with decreased fear to a human at weaning. We hypothesized that pups learn species-specific features of their handler. Experiment 1 showed that handled animals' reactions were similar to both a human and their mother. Experiment 2 showed that pups reacted similarly to their mother and other a...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.1028
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactating females of 2 lines of mice selectively bred for long (LS) and short (SS) ethanol-induced sleep time (a measure of alcohol tolerance) consumed either tap water or 10% ethanol in tap water on Days 2-14 postpartum. Effects of genotype and neonatal treatment on offspring open-field behavior, alcohol-induced slee...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420120303
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::MK801-induced activation of caspase-3 is developmentally regulated, peaking at postnatal day (P) 7 and decreasing with increasing postnatal age thereafter. Further, at P7, cells displaying activation of caspase-3 lack expression of calcium binding proteins (CaBPs). To further explore this relationship, we investigated...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.20325
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of learning concurrent visual discriminations with 24-hr intertrial intervals, a measure of habit formation, was assessed in infant monkeys of both sexes and compared with the rate of learning in adults. In two separate series of animals, 3-month-old male monkeys learned an initial set of discriminations (but...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420220605
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal handling is an experimental paradigm of an early experience which permanently alters hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function resulting in increased ability to cope with stress, and decreased emotionality. In the present work we investigated the effect of neonatal handling on adult rat brain mu-opioid rec...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.20383
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of this study indicate that birth weight in normal term infants is related to changes in heart rate in response to auditory stimulation. Only infants above the median in birth weight responded to stimulus onset and offset. They exhibited a change in response to onset from a heart rate acceleration (defensi...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420130106
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In humans, maternal cues guide newborns to the maternal breast, and transitional cues may be present in maternal-fetal fluids. The aim of the present study was to determine the consistent presence of sensorial cues in three maternal-fetal fluids--amniotic fluid, colostrum, and milk--and test the ability of these cues ...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.21012
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to investigate the development of autonomic control and its relation to postnatal illness, healthy term, healthy preterm, and preterm infants who had recovered from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were seen around the expected date of their birth, 40 weeks conceptional age (C.A.), and again at 3 months co...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.420160605
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure in the rat results in a retention of adolescent-like responsiveness to ethanol into adulthood characterized by enhanced sensitivity to socially facilitating and decreased sensitivity to socially suppressing and aversive effects. Similar pattern of responsiveness to social...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.22099
更新日期:2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::The construct of homology in the development of behavior is examined using human handedness. Research on the development of hand-use preferences in infants provides some evidence that it may be homologous with adult handedness. Nevertheless, I propose that the construct of homology may not be relevant to the study of ...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/dev.21038
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of the presence or absence of the dam during testing and the retention interval on pretone heart rate (HR) and habituation and retention of an HR orienting response to tone were examined in prenatally cocaine-exposed and nontreated Sprague Dawley rat pups in two experiments. On postnatal day 16, each pup recei...
journal_title:Developmental psychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dev.10084
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00