Abstract：
:A summarised account is given of Emil Kraepelin's research in the field of mental disorder, underlining his emphasis on objectivity and natural science and the need for a multi-disciplinary approach. At the same time attention is drawn to the limitations of his general outlook and to his political views, which in their historical context carry disturbing overtones of proto-fascism. It does not detract from the value of his work as a clinical scientist to conclude that his philosophical amblyopia, allied to an ineradicable chauvinism that was shared by many Germans of his class and status, resulted in a failure to demarcate the boundaries of his professional expertise and distorted his judgment on the wider implications of his own achievements. The lessons for the theory and practice of psychological medicine are briefly discussed.
journal_name
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosciauthors
Shepherd Mdoi
10.1007/BF02191796subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-01-01 00:00:00pages
189-95issue
4-5eissn
0940-1334issn
1433-8491journal_volume
245pub_type
传,历史文章,杂志文章abstract：:Affective and non-affective psychoses are severe and frequent psychiatric disorders. Amongst others, they not only have a profound impact on affected individuals through their symptomatology, but also regarding cognition, brain structure and function. Cognitive impairment influences patients' quality of life as well a...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00406-013-0423-2
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emil Kraepelin is well known due to his development of the psychiatric classification. The ICD-10 and DSM-IV classification is based on the dichotomy of endogenous psychoses into affective psychoses and schizophrenia as early as 1899. Moreover, beside his classification system he put enormous impact on the development...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-008-2001-6
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increases in seizure threshold (ST) over a course of brief pulse ECT can be predicted by decreases in EEG quality, informing ECT dose adjustment to maintain adequate supra-threshold dosing. ST increases also occur over a course of right unilateral ultrabrief (RUL UB) ECT, but no data exist on the relationship between ...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00406-017-0777-y
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The deficit syndrome is thought to be specific to and a subtype of schizophrenia; however, there are scarce or no data on the prevalence and characteristics of this syndrome in non-schizophrenic psychoses. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and correlates of different types of negative symptoms (NegS)...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-004-0464-7
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depressive disorders are influenced by a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Multiple studies support a role of serotonergic pathways in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders. As a rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin synthesis in the brain, tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) represents a plau...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s00406-014-0536-2
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurofunctional mechanisms underlying cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) are still not clearly understood. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study focused on changes in brain activation as a result of one-session CBT in patients suffering from spider phobia. Twenty-six female spider phobics and 25 non-ph...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00406-007-0754-y
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Deficits in task-related attentional engagement in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been hypothesised to be due to altered interrelationships between attention, default mode and salience networks. We examined the intrinsic connectivity during rest within and between these networks. Six-minute resti...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-015-0630-0
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The alpha 1C subunit of the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (CACNA1C) gene is one of the best replicated susceptibility loci for bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and major depression. It is involved in learning, memory and brain plasticity. Genetic studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) reporte...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-013-0428-x
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Only few studies have investigated executive impairment in the euthymic phase of unipolar affective disorders, yielding diverging results. The role of impulsivity/orbitofrontal associated executive functioning in remitted depression has not yet been examined. METHODS:Partly remitted male out-patients (n = 1...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-007-0740-4
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy of aripiprazole therapy and the risk of adverse reactions are influenced by substantial inter-individual variability in aripiprazole metabolizing capacity. In vitro studies assigned the potential role in aripiprazole metabolism to CYP2D6 and CYP3A enzymes; therefore, the association between the steady-sta...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-018-0975-2
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate tardive dyskinesia (TD) (prevalence and possible risk factors, pharmacological and clinical), in a population of schizophrenic patients after prolonged institutionalization. A total of 148 patients (80 male, 68 female) aged between 28 and 87 years (mean 55, SD 11) diagnosed accord...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02190085
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Substance P-like and somatostatin-like immunoreactivities (SPLI and SLI) were determined in ventricular fluid of patients with chronic pain syndromes and in a comparison group with multiple sclerosis, essential tremor, epilepsy and postanoxic myoclonus. Concentrations of SPLI and SLI were non-significantly decreased b...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02191152
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between social problem solving ability, clinical features and cognitive functions, and determine the predictors of benefit from social problem solving training in 63 patients with schizophrenia. We administered Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Wisconsin Card ...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00406-006-0651-9
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diagnostic checklists for the assessment of DSM-III-R Axis I diagnoses have proven to be a reliable and feasible instrument in research and routine clinical care. Therefore, a checklist for the assessment of the DSM-III-R Personality Disorders (MDCL-P) has been developed. An English version of the MDCL-P is available....
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02191550
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three groups of married women were studied with each defined by their experience of a different stressful incident (the target event). In the first (the Coronary Group), the husband had suffered a non-fatal myocardial infarction whilst in the second (the Bereaved Group), he had recently died. In the third (the Refuge ...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02189968
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relapses may represent a critical hazard in schizophrenia spectrum disorders as they are associated with an increased risk of a clinical and functional deterioration. Preventing relapse after recovering from a first psychotic episode has become a major challenge due to its critical impact on lifelong functionality. Th...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-016-0740-3
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study concerns the validation of an instrument, the SAB2, designed to measure child behaviour and to help identify emotional problems which arise because the child has been a victim of child sexual abuse. Clinically disturbed children, mainstream school children and sexually abused youngsters were assessed. Relia...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02916247
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The course of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is variable, ranging from episodic to chronic. We hypothesised that the former course is more likely to be related to bipolar mood disorders. With the use of a specially constructed OCD questionnaire, we studied 135 patients fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for OCD with a...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004060050044
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the course of neuropsychological (NP) impairment in schizophrenia, 71 patients with first episode (FE) schizophrenia and 71 healthy controls were given a comprehensive battery of NP tests at index assessment, after a 2-year and after a 5-year follow-up period. By means of the z-score standardization, summary...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-006-0667-1
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report presents the rationale and design of a multi-center clinical trial that examines the efficacy and safety of antipsychotic combination treatment in acutely ill schizophrenia patients compared to antipsychotic monotherapy. Antipsychotic combination treatment is common in clinical practice worldwide, despite ...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00406-019-01063-4
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Astrocytes are the most numerous cell type within the central nervous system. Early during development they act as guiding structures for migratory neurons; later they are not only the main source for nutrients and growth factors in the brain, but they are also communication partners of neighboring neurons. For this p...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s004060170036
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive models suggest that top-down and emotional processes increase false perceptions in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). However, little is still known about the interaction of these processes in false auditory perceptions. The present study aimed at investigating the specific as well as joint impacts of e...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-019-01065-2
更新日期：2019-09-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The present article outlines the different conception of catatonia from its initial description by Kahlbaum to current viewpoints. Originally considered to be an independent disease entity characterized by mental and motor abnormalities, catatonia was later viewed as a subtype of schizophrenia as it is the case in cur...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00014199
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty inpatients with somatoform disorders were examined with the structured clinical interview SCID for psychiatric lifetime diagnosis. In the present diagnoses, we found a concordance of 63% for somatoform and affective disorders and the lifetime comorbidity of both disorders was 87%. Additionally, patients with so...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02190259
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suicide is a tremendous threat to global public health, and a large number of people who committed suicide suffered the pain of mental diseases, especially major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous study showed that ketamine could reduce suicidal ideation (SI), potentially by improving the impaired working memory (WM)...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-020-01221-z
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sustainable observations suggest that suicidal behaviour by itself may have biological correlates, among which those related to the serotonergic synapse hold the key position. Based on the association of suicide and serotonergic dysfunction, it was proposed that genetic mechanisms affecting suicidal behaviour could be...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-004-0482-5
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An involvement of the central serotonergic system has constantly been reported in the pathogenesis of suicide. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is the main source of serotonergic innervation of forebrain limbic structures disturbed in suicidal behaviour, in which an abnormal microglia reaction seems to play a role. In o...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-017-0774-1
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although a number of studies have reported on the association between obsessional personality features as measured by the Munich Personality Test (MPT) "Rigidity" scale and depression, there has been no examination of these relationships in a non-clinical sample. METHODS:The dimensional scores on the MPT we...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004060170043
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The escalating number of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals has conferred the viral spread with the status of global pandemic. However, there are no prophylactic or therapeutic drugs available on the m...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00406-020-01231-x
更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is becoming the guiding principle for clinical treatment decisions. But evidence remains a loosely defined term. Multiple criteria for evidence criteria have been proposed. Most influential evidence criteria give priority to meta-analyses because they promise an objective procedure to com...
journal_title：European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00406-009-0068-3
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
