Abstract：
:1. Magnesium sulphate was studied for its effects on diarrhoea, fluid secretion, gastrointestinal transit and nitric oxide (NO) synthase activity in rats. 2. At a dose of 2 g kg-1 orally magnesium sulphate produced diarrhoea that was delayed in onset and intensity in a dose-related manner by the NO synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). This was prevented by the NO precursor, L-arginine and the NO donating compound, isosorbide-5-mononitrate (IMN). 3. Nitric oxide synthase activity was stimulated in gut tissue from rats given magnesium sulphate and this was inhibited by L-NAME. Dexamethasone (1 mg kg-1, i.p.), an inhibitor of inducible NO synthase, had no effect on magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea. 4. Magnesium sulphate stimulated fluid and electrolyte accumulation in the intestinal lumen; these effects were prevented by L-NAME but not D-NAME. 5. Gastrointestinal transit of a non-absorbable marker (charcoal suspension) was increased by oral magnesium sulphate from a mean value of 54.1% to 72.9% (P < 0.01), and this was prevented by pretreatment with L-NAME. 6. The results demonstrate that oral magnesium sulphate produces diarrhoea in rats by increasing the accumulation of fluid in the intestinal lumen and enhancing flow from the proximal to distal intestine. The mechanism involves release of NO, probably through stimulation of the constitutive form of NO synthase. Whether or not the effects of magnesium sulphate are due to an osmotic action or an intrinsic effect of the magnesium or sulphate ions cannot be determined from these experiments.
journal_name
Br J Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of pharmacologyauthors
Izzo AA,Gaginella TS,Mascolo N,Capasso Fdoi
10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb16198.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-09-01 00:00:00pages
228-32issue
1eissn
0007-1188issn
1476-5381journal_volume
113pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:1. We have investigated the role of endogenous nitric oxide on renal vascular reactivity in late pregnancy in in situ blood perfused kidneys of alpha-chloralose anaesthetized Wistar-Kyoto rats. Nitric oxide synthesis inhibition was achieved by intravenous administration of NG-nitro-L-arginine or NG-nitro-L-arginine me...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0701363
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. This study examined the impact of allopurinol on the renal functional responses to a 30 min period of ischaemia in anaesthetized rats. 2. Immediately on reperfusion, blood pressure rose transiently, while renal blood flow remained stable throughout at control values. Glomerular filtration rate was decreased by some...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702789
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The functional changes in mesenteric arterioles of streptozotocin-induced diabetes were investigated by intravital microscopy. The mesentery was exteriorized from anesthetized rats, spread in a chamber, and superfused with Tyrode solution. All drugs tested were applied to the superfusing Tyrode solution. 2. Compare...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
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doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0705611
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The prostate function is regulated by androgens and alpha-adrenergic activity. Clinically, antiandrogens and/or alpha(1)-adrenergic antagonists are commonly used to treat symptomatic prostatic hypertrophy. To elucidate the effects of androgen deprivation on prostate contractility via alpha(1)-adrenoceptor, the char...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0703706
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Sympathetic neurotransmission and noradrenaline content of the tail artery of Wistar rats treated for 7 days with the adenosine antagonist, 1,3-dipropyl-8-sulphophenylxanthine (DPSPX), were examined. 2. Systolic blood pressure of the DPSPX-treated rats (164.0 +/- 2.9 mmHg; n = 6) was significantly greater than sali...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb16683.x
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:This study represents a novel characterisation of KCNQ-encoded potassium channels in the vasculature using a variety of pharmacological and molecular tools to determine their role in contractility. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) experiments were un...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0707284
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Involvement of cholinergic mechanisms in the contractile response to Leu13-motilin (LMT, KW-5139) was investigated in rabbit duodenal segments, and longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus (LM-MP) preparations preincubated wtih [3H]-choline. 2. Contractile response to LMT (0.1 nM-1 microM) consisted of an initial rapid...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13536.x
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The central and regional cardiovascular responses to intravenous (0.3, 1.0, 3.0 and 10.0 micrograms kg-1 min-1) and intracoronary (0.3, 0.9, 3.0 and 4.5 micrograms kg-1 min-1) infusions of elgodipine, a phenyldihydropyridine, and its solvent were studied in anaesthetized pigs. 2. Elgodipine (i.v.) caused dose-depen...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
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doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb14708.x
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Following our earlier observations that the tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist CP-99,994 is an effective anti-emetic in ferrets, we have examined the anti-emetic effects of a more potent and novel NK1 receptor antagonist, GR203040, against various emetic stimuli in the ferret, dog and house musk shrew (Suncus murin...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb15118.x
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) plays a central role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Statin therapy for lowering LDL-C reduces the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and is the recommended first-line treatment for patients with high LDL-C levels. However, some patients are unable to achieve an adequate redu...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bph.14851
更新日期：2019-08-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The chemokine receptor CXCR3 directs migration of T-cells in response to the ligands CXCL9/Mig, CXCL10/IP-10 and CXCL11/I-TAC. Both ligands and receptors are implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders, including atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we describe the molecul...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01660.x
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In cortical slices from rat brain incubated in a medium containing the irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor, soman (0.005 mM) and a high concentration of KCl (25 mM), atropine exerts a stimulating action on the release of acetylcholine (ACh).2. Two possible explanations for this action were examined. Atropine migh...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1971.tb07068.x
更新日期：1971-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs) play an important role in cell-volume regulation. alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor stimulation by phenylephrine (PE) suppressed the hypotonic activation of VRAC current in mouse ventricular cells and regulatory volume decrease (RVD) was also absent in PE-treated cells...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00896.x
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of inhaled platelet-activating factor (PAF) on responsiveness of the human nasal airway were examined in normal subjects by measuring nasal airway resistance in response to histamine and bradykinin at 2, 6, 24, 48 h and 7 d after PAF administration. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in nasal secretions ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13779.x
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Inhibitory effects of water-soluble glucocorticoids administered intravenously were examined on skin and airway reactions caused by antigen challenge or chemical mediators in guinea-pigs. 2. Methylprednisolone suleptanate (U-67590A) which is an analogue of methylprednisolone, produced immediate inhibition of 3-h an...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb12849.x
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Using gene chip technology, we first identified that PGF(2alpha) (FP agonist) and Butaprost (EP(2) agonist) induced about a five-fold upregulation of Nur77 mRNA expression in hFP-HEK 293/EBNA and hEP(2)-HEK293/EBNA cells. Northern Blot analysis revealed that PGF(2alpha)- and Butaprost-induced upregulation of Nur77 ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0705829
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We previously reported that substance P and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) synergistically stimulate corneal epithelial wound healing in vitro and in vivo. We wished to identify which portion of the amino acid sequence of substance P might be responsible for this synergism. 2. Corneal epithelial migration was...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702550
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin 5-HT(7) receptors are present in astrocytes. Understanding their role in this type of cell would greatly benefit from the identification of astroglial cell lines expressing this receptor type. The aim of the present study was to assess the expression of native 5-HT(7) receptors and 5-HT(7) receptor mRNA in a...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0705936
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Although picrotoxin is a well-established antagonist of GABA(A) receptors, detailed studies of its action on inhibitory synaptic transmission have not previously been made. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:Electrophysiological techniques were used to study the action of picrotoxin on inhibitory postsynapti...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00542.x
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Rabbit isolated hearts, perfused by the Langendorff technique, were used to investigate the indirect sympathomimetic effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). Comparisons were made with noradrenaline and with two indirectly acting sympathomimetic agents with entirely different mechanisms of action, tyramine and dimethy...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1976.tb07661.x
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. To obtain direct evidence of abnormal eicosanoid biosynthesis in rats injected with anti-glomerular-basement-membrane antibodies (a-GBM), products derived from thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and prostacyclin (PGI2) were measured in 24 h urine collections before and after a-GBM. 2. Administration of a-GBM (9.5 mg) caused alb...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1991.tb09844.x
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In vivo microdialysis has been used to investigate the concentration of various amino acids and lactate in the extracellular fluid of the rat cortex following focal ischaemia, the probe being placed in the core of the infarct area. 2. An ischaemic infarct was produced in the cortex by use of a photochemical dye (Ro...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13050.x
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Chronic benzodiazepine administration has been associated with tolerance and with downregulation of gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA)-receptor binding and function. However, effects of individual benzodiazepines on brain regions have varied. 2. To compare the effects of chronic lorazepam and alprazolam, we have admi...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb14167.x
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The opioid receptors are key targets in the treatment of acute and chronic pain, and the development of novel analgesics with reduced side effects is crucial in the search for more effective medications. The crystal structures of opioid receptors have provided a wealth of knowledge on many aspects of opioid receptor p...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bph.13774
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on acid secretion by a rat isolated stomach preparation has been studied. 2 5-HT at 10(-5)M in the serosal bathing fluid produced significant inhibition of the acid secretory responses to histamine, pentagastrin and isoprenaline but was without effect on basal secretion or th...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1983.tb09371.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) and silent information regulator 2 (SIRT2) control the dynamics of the microtubule network via their deacetylase activities. Tubulin polymerization promoting protein (TPPP/p25) enhances microtubule acetylation by its direct binding to HDAC6. Our objective was to char...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.12946
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The relative proportions of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors were determined by radioligand binding studies in three different rat myocardial preparations: membranes prepared from rat ventricle (ventricular membranes), membranes prepared from rat isolated ventricular myocytes (myocyte membranes), and myocytes isola...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb16384.x
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Drugs targeting brain kappa-opioid receptors produce profound alterations in mood. In the present study we investigated the possible anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of the kappa-opioid receptor agonist salvinorin A, the main active ingredient of Salvia divinorum, in rats and mice. EX...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00230.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To characterize the volume-sensitive, osmolyte permeable anion channels responsible for the osmodependent release of taurine from supraoptic nucleus (SON) astrocytes, we investigated the pharmacological properties of the [(3)H]-taurine efflux from acutely isolated SON. Taurine release induced by hypotonic stimulus (25...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0703492
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of chlorobutanol, a widely used drug preservative, on exocrine response and intracellular Ca2+ dynamics were examined in isolated pancreatic acini of the rat. 2. Chlorobutanol (1 mg ml-1) markedly inhibited the secretory response to cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8), carbamylcholine chloride (carbacho...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13628.x
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
