Abstract:
:BALB/c mice are susceptible to cutaneous leishmaniasis upon infection with Leishmania major while C57BL/6 are not. There is a major promastigote surface protease (PSP or gp63) which is available in both native and recombinant forms, and for which the primary amino acid sequence is known. Immunization with PSP has been shown to offer some protection against challenge with the live organism. Therefore, we attempted to develop a peptide vaccine with PSP peptides. In the first experiments, recall proliferative responses to PSP were measured using a set of 15mer peptides spanning the entire PSP molecule which allowed designation of major determinant regions in BALB/c, C57BL/6, and CBA mice. Several of these determinants were promiscuous and shared almost the identical core amino acid residues in the different strains. Immunization with major determinant peptides was recalled vigorously with L. major soluble antigen as well as with PSP. The response to peptide was almost entirely Th1 as measured by a localized ELISA assay for single-cell production of IFN-gamma. A similar assay for IL-5, which overcomes problems of sensitivity and inhibition by lymphokines produced by Th1 cells, indicates very little production of Th2 cells even by BALB/c. It was found that if a major responsive peak was examined by recall with overlapping peptides, the highest, central peptide gave a mainly Th1 response while the boundary, less efficient peptides gave more of a Th2 response. Possible reasons for this were discussed. These results point to the importance of selecting the exactly appropriate peptide in considering a vaccinogen that might protect susceptible individuals. Even the choice of a somewhat immunogenic peptide within the determinant envelope might actually exacerbate infection by steering the response in a Th2 direction.
journal_name
Int Immunoljournal_title
International immunologyauthors
Soares LR,Sercarz EE,Miller Adoi
10.1093/intimm/6.5.785subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-05-01 00:00:00pages
785-94issue
5eissn
0953-8178issn
1460-2377journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mice lacking the IL-2 receptor beta chain (IL-2R beta) exhibit an autoimmune reaction characterized by generalized T cell activation, production of autoantibodies, myeloproliferation and severe anemia. T cells of IL-2R beta-/- mice were examined to elucidate the mechanism responsible for their abnormal activation and ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/9.9.1367
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secretory IgA (sIgA) antibodies in human tears and milk were found to recognize protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) on a Toxoplasma gondii lysate immunoblot (IB). These antibodies were already detectable in tears of infants. To determine the epitope containing-regions on PDI, we generated truncated versions of recombina...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxf091
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::B cell development is a complex process involving interactions between B cell precursors, stroma, and known and unknown ligands and cytokines. In order to more fully understand the requirements for Ig in that development we have created transgenic mice that carry a gamma 2b transgene and express it early in B cell dev...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/9.3.415
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::At least three B cell subsets, B-1a, B-1b and B-2, or conventional B cells are present in the mouse periphery. Here we demonstrate that B-1 cells spontaneously proliferate in stationary cultures of normal adherent mouse peritoneal cells. B-1 cells were characterized by morphology, immunohistochemistry and flow cytomet...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/13.9.1193
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunopathology and immune responses to Schistosoma mansoni were examined in IL-4 -/- mice. IL-5 and IL-10 production by lymphoid cells stimulated with soluble egg antigen (SEA), peripheral eosinophilia and serum levels of soluble IL-4 receptor but not IgE were all significantly elevated over background normal levels ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/8.4.435
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the similarity in primary structure between the newly characterized ligand for CD40 (CD40L) and the tumor necrosis factors (TNFs), we have modeled a detailed 3-D structure for CD40L. We used the known structure of TNF alpha as a template for the generation of the CD40L model. The soundness of the model-buildi...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/5.2.233
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Taking advantage of the recently demonstrated presence of N-aminopeptidases and the serine protease dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (DPP IV) at the surface of human myeloblastic HL-60 cells, the regulation of these protease activities in HL-60 cell differentiation has been assessed using combined spectrophotometric and f...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/5.8.965
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Structural and functional aspects of the accessory molecule lymphocyte function associated antigen (LFA)-3 (CD58) have been examined following the transfection of DAP.3 and P815 cells with a cDNA clone encoding the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked form of human LFA-3. Despite earlier observations that DAP.3 ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/4.6.673
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Incomplete T cell antigen receptor-mediated signaling induces an unresponsive state known as anergy. Previously, we had shown that anergy can be induced in antigen-primed but not naive T cells. In this report, we found that in vitro primed T cells from IL-2R alpha-deficient mice were resistant to anergy induction in c...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh397
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Naturally occurring CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (nT(R)) comprise a separate lineage of T cells that are essential for maintaining immunological tolerance to self. Here we demonstrate that the level of phosphorylation of the TCR zeta-chain is approximately 1.5- to 4-fold higher in nT(R) as compared with CD4(+)CD25...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxm021
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein antigens elicit humoral responses in mice that consist predominantly of IgG1 antibodies. We have now investigated the ability of IL-12, a cytokine reported to augment IgG2a anti-hapten responses through activation of Th1 cells, to alter antibody responses to hen eggwhite lysozyme (HEL). The normal response of ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/7.9.1519
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of melanoma cell lines with IFN-gamma induces the switch from proteasome (PS) to immunoproteasome (iPS). This finding has profound implications for the immunobiology of melanoma cells since certain peptides (such as Melan-A(mart1)(27-35)) are cleaved differently by iPS, thus implying a different ability to b...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxg140
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Earlier studies have demonstrated an over-expression of 9-O-acetylated sialoglycoconjugates (9-OAcSGs) on lymphoblasts, concomitant with high titers of anti-9-OAcSGs in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The present study was aimed to evaluate whether this high induction of anti-9-OAcSGs at disease presenta...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh198
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the genetic disorder ataxia telangiectasia (AT), humoral (B) and cellular (T) immunological abnormalities are frequently observed. As a consequence, AT patients are predisposed to life-threatening sinopulmonary infections. The pathogenic mechanisms remain unknown, but a role for ATM in signal transduction from memb...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/12.6.927
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endocytic and phagocytic activities of a population of MHC IIhi CD11c+ dendritic cell (DC)-like cells in synovium-rich tissues (SRTs) of normal rat paws were compared with CD163+ cells (putative macrophages) from the same tissues and pseudo-afferent lymph DCs, peritoneal macrophages and blood monocytes. Fifty perc...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh291
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The product of the LAG-3 gene is a cell surface protein with significant homology to CD4. It has been suggested that it can serve as a functional equivalent of CD4 and account for the MHC class II-restricted responses which persist in CD4-deficient mice. To test this hypothesis, we have created CD4/LAG-3 double-defici...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/8.5.725
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In humans, the thymus is the primary lymphoid organ able to support the development of T cells through its three-dimensional (3D) organization of the thymic stromal cells. Since a remarkable number of similarities are shared between the thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and skin-derived keratinocytes and fibroblasts, in ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxt035
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The integrins have been grouped into three subfamilies based on the utilization of three distinct beta chain subunits, beta 1, beta 2, and beta 3. The recent discovery of beta 4 and beta 5 subunits, and the sharing of alpha subunits between beta subfamilies reflects a greater structural and functional diversity of the...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/2.11.1097
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To develop a comprehensive catalogue of phenotypic and functional parameters of human CD4(+) T cell differentiation stages, we have performed microarray gene expression profiling on subpopulations of human thymocytes and circulating naive CD4(+) T cells, including CD3(-)CD4(+)CD8(-) intrathymic T progenitor cells, CD3...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh112
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recipient who received a renal graft from a living related donor showed good renal function for as long as 15 years after the withdrawal of azathioprine. The patient's creatinine clearance was maintained at 60 ml/min in spite of the administration of only 10 mg of predonisolon per day. Anti-idiotypic antibodies in t...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/1.5.503
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The origin of anti-DNA antibodies remains speculative. We argue that some of these antibodies may arise inadvertently in nature during the course of a normal immune response due to their induction by antibodies which bear structures (mimotopes) that mimic DNA. These antibodies are not necessarily DNA specific but, lik...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/13.9.1099
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The TCR complex transduces the antigen recognition signal through common activation motifs present in both CD3 gamma delta epsilon chains and zeta dimers within the complex. We have investigated functional roles of the cytoplasmic domain in zeta and CD3 gamma delta epsilon for T cell activation in early and late respo...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/6.11.1671
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies point to glycolipid-enriched membrane (GEM) microdomains as the critical sites for TCR-mediated signal transduction. However, whether the TCR complex is localized in the GEM domain is not well-defined. In the present study, we analyzed localization of the TCR-CD3 complex in the GEM domain by isolating t...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/11.9.1395
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been demonstrated that in vivo T cell priming requires CD154-CD40 interaction, which is suggested to be critical in the induction of co-stimulatory activities on antigen-presenting cells (APC). In the current study, we demonstrate that in vivo administration of a high dose of a superantigen, staphylococcal ente...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxg080
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tyrosine kinase-2 (Tyk2) participates in the signaling pathways of multiple cytokines in innate and acquired immunity. In the present study, we investigated the in vivo involvement of Tyk2 in anti-type II collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) using Tyk2-deficient mice. Hind paws of wild-type mice showed massive s...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxr057
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deletion of alpha i2 subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins induces a 2-4-fold increase in the proportions of CD4 and CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocytes as compared with wild-type littermates, but how G alpha i2 is involved in thymocyte development is unknown. To determine a role for G alpha i2 in a specific developmen...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh204
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The third complementarity determining regions of heavy chain variable regions (CDRH3) confer the fine specificities of antibodies. The CDRH3 length distribution of all human or all mouse antibodies appears to be more or less random, with the human distribution having a wider spread. Since the Kabat database of aligned...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/10.12.1801
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that the occurrence of CD45RA+ adult mouse thymocytes is strain-dependent, e.g. constituting approximately 0.6% in C57BL/Icrf and approximately 2.5% in BALB/c (Huby, R. and Goff, L., 1992. Eur. J. Immunol. 22:1659). Here we show that irrespective of strain, the thymus contains approximately 0....
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/4.11.1303
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::T cells of an unique phenotype (CD3+CD4-CD8- alpha beta TCR+) develop in vitro from the hematopoietic progenitors, the majority of which carry homologous alpha beta TCR (V alpha 4J alpha 28/V beta 2D beta 1.1J beta 2.6). In the present study, antigen corresponding to the particular alpha beta TCR was investigated, tak...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/6.9.1323
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although IL-2 receptor beta chain (IL-2R beta) expressed in various lymphoid cell lines binds IL-2 with an intermediate affinity, IL-2R beta expressed in fibroblasts is unable to bind IL-2, suggesting that IL-2R beta is on its own not sufficient for generating the intermediate-affinity receptor and that lymphoid-speci...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/4.10.1123
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00