Abstract:
:Our goal was to understand how patterns of excitation and inhibition, interacting across arrays of ganglion cells in space and time, generate the spiking output pattern for each ganglion cell type. We presented the retina with a 1-s flashed square, 600 microm on a side, and measured patterns of excitation and inhibition over an 1,800-microm-wide region encompassing many ganglion cells. Excitatory patterns of on ganglion cells resembled rectified versions of the voltage patterns of on bipolar cells. Inhibitory patterns in on ganglion cells resembled the rectified versions of voltage patterns of off bipolar cells. off ganglion cells received off excitation and on inhibition. Many ganglion cells also received an additional wide field transient inhibition derived from the activity of both on and off bipolar cells. Ganglion cell spiking was suppressed in those space-time regions dominated by inhibition. We classified each ganglion cell type by correlating its space-time patterns with its dendritic morphology. These studies suggest the bipolar and amacrine cell circuitry underlying the interplay between on and off signals that generate spiking patterns in ganglion cells. They reveal a surprising synergistic interaction between excitation and inhibition in most ganglion cells.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Roska B,Molnar A,Werblin FSdoi
10.1152/jn.00113.2006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-06-01 00:00:00pages
3810-22issue
6eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598pii
00113.2006journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Adaptation of movement may be driven by the difference between planned and actual motor performance, or the difference between expected and actual sensory consequences of movement. To identify how the nervous system differentially uses these signals, we asked: does motor adaptation occur when movement errors are irrel...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00273.2011
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Connections between layer V pyramidal cells and GABAergic fast-spiking interneurons (pyramidal-FS) were studied by paired recordings combined with morphological analyses in acute neocortical slices from 28- to 52-day-old rats. Pairs of spikes elicited in pyramidal cells at a stimulation rate of 0.2 Hz induced unitary ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00750.2002
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::When speed changes during locomotion, both temporal and spatial parameters of the pattern must adjust. Moreover, at slow speeds the step-to-step pattern becomes increasingly variable. The objectives of the present study were to assess if the spinal locomotor network adjusts both temporal and spatial parameters from sl...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00419.2015
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons display a variety of complex dendritic morphologies even within the same class. We examined the relationship between dendritic arborization and the coupling between somatic and dendritic action potential (AP) initiation sites in layer 5 (L5) neocortical pyramidal neurons. Coupling was defined as the relative r...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00046.2003
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The intersegmental coordination during undulatory locomotion in lamprey is characterized by a constant phase lag between consecutive segments, that is, the ratio between the intersegmental time lag and the cycle duration remains constant. It is shown that the spinal 5-HT (serotonin) system can, in a graded fashion,...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1992.67.6.1683
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unilateral intrahippocampal injection of tetanus toxin results in a chronic syndrome of intermittent epileptic seizures. During some of these seizures, rats develop a stereotypic, pathological motor behavior that indicates secondary generalization of epileptic activity. We report that secondary generalization was prec...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.4.2217
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We performed a whole-body mapping study of the effect of unilateral muscle vibration, eliciting spindle Ia firing, on the control of standing and walking in humans. During quiet stance, vibration applied to various muscles of the trunk-neck system and of the lower limb elicited a significant tilt in whole body postura...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00764.2006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While it has been well established that optostatic and optokinetic cues contribute to the perception of vertical, it is unclear how the brain processes their combined presence with the nonvisual vestibular cues. Using a psychometric approach, we examined the percept of vertical in human participants (n = 17) with thei...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00740.2018
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to determine whether individuals with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (SDCP) have deficits in anticipatory inhibition of postural muscle activity. Nine individuals with SDCP (SDCP group, 3 female and 6 male, 13-24 yr of age) and nine age- and sex-matched individuals without disability (control group) ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00253.2012
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyramidal cells in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) show three characteristic discharge patterns in response tones: pauser, buildup, and regular firing. Experimental evidence suggests that a rapidly inactivating K+ current (I(KIF)) plays a critical role in generating these discharge patterns. To explore the role of I...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.2.523
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organization of spinal motor output has become of interest for investigating differential activation of lumbar and sacral motor pools during locomotor tasks. Motor pools are associated with functional grouping of motoneurons of the lower limb muscles. Here we examined how the spatiotemporal organization of lumbar and ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00167.2019
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::During locomotion, contacting an obstacle generates a coordinated response involving flexion of the stimulated leg and activation of extensors contralaterally to ensure adequate support and forward progression. Activation of motoneurons innervating contralateral muscles (i.e., crossed extensor reflex) has always been ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01274.2007
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms that could mitigate the effects of hypoxia on neuronal signaling are incompletely understood. We show that axonal performance of a locust visual interneuron varied depending on oxygen availability. To induce hypoxia, tracheae supplying the thoracic nervous system were surgically lesioned and action potentia...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00354.2016
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transient potassium current (I(A)) plays an important role in shaping the firing properties of pyloric neurons in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus. The shal gene encodes I(A) in pyloric neurons. However, when we over-expressed the lobster Shal protein by shal RNA inject...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00837.2002
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated a visuomotor mechanism contributing to reach correction: the manual following response (MFR), which is a quick response to background visual motion that frequently occurs as a reafference when the body moves. Although several visual specificities of the MFR have been elucidated, the functional and comp...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.91133.2008
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleus tractus solitarii (nTS) is the initial central termination site for visceral afferents and is important for modulation and integration of multiple reflexes including cardiorespiratory reflexes. Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the nTS and is removed from the extracellular milieu by e...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01054.2015
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contribution of supragranular layers to sensory processing and plasticity in adult rat barrel cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 3261-3271, 1998. In mature rat primary somatic sensory cortical area (SI) barrel field cortex, the thalamic-recipient granular layer IV neurons project especially densely to layers I, II, III, and...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.6.3261
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated currents in short-term cultured dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons of cockroach Periplaneta americana using the whole cell patch-clamp technique in symmetrical chloride solutions. All DUM neurons voltage-clamped at -50 mV displayed inward currents (I(GABA)) when 10(...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.87.6.2972
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive and motor deficits associated with language and speech are seen in humans harboring FOXP2 mutations. The neural bases for FOXP2 mutation-related deficits are thought to reside in structural abnormalities distributed across systems important for language and motor learning including the cerebral cortex, basal...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90415.2008
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In sensory systems, the thalamus has historically been considered a relay station. Neural representations of temporal modulations in the auditory system undergo considerable changes as they pass from the inferior colliculus (IC) to the auditory cortex. We sought to determine in awake primates the extent to which audit...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00593.2006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by profound deficits in memory and cognitive function. Neuropathological hallmarks of the disease include a loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and the deposition of beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) in neuritic plaques. At a cellul...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00616.2003
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The movement representation in the primary motor cortex (M1) of the cat develops between postnatal weeks 7-12. The somatosensory representation in motor cortex is present by the age that the motor map begins to develop. In this study we examined the role of neural activity in development and maintenance of the M1 move...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00424.2005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Every time we blink our eyes, the image on the retina goes almost completely dark. And yet we hardly notice these interruptions, even though an external darkening is startling. Intuitively it would seem that if our perception is continuous, then the neuronal activity on which our perceptions are based should also be c...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.5.2691
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Two buccal ganglia interneurons, labeled here as B51 and B52, have been identified on the basis of morphological and physiological criteria. 2. These neurons have multipolar cell bodies. B51 extends a major neurite, which arborizes in the neuropil ipsilateral to the soma; extends into the buccal commissure, where i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.63.3.539
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The action potential (AP) is a fundamental feature of excitable cells that serves as the basis for long-distance signaling in the nervous system. There is considerable diversity in the appearance of APs and the underlying repolarization mechanisms in different neuronal types (reviewed in Bean BP. Nat Rev Neurosci 8: 4...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01028.2015
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study of chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) subjects investigated patterns of central motor drive (i.e., central activation) of the plantar flexors using interpolated twitches, and modulation of soleus H-reflexes during lengthening, isometric, and shortening muscle actions. In a recent study of the knee ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01074.2014
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) underlies inspiratory rhythm generation. As a result of network interactions, preBötC neurons burst synchronously to produce rhythmic premotor inspiratory activity. Each inspiratory burst consists of action potentials (APs) on top of a 10- to 20-mV synchronous depolarization lasting...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00705.2014
更新日期:2015-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::1. Effects of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) applied through a patch pipette to Xenopus laevis olfactory receptor cells (ORCs) were studied using the patch-clamp technique in conjunction with calcium imaging with fura-2. 2. InsP3 activated, first, a novel voltage-independent Ca2+ current (ICa) and, second, a non...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.73.2.862
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms of irregular firing of spontaneous action potentials in neurons from the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) were studied in hypothalamic slices using cell-attached and whole cell recording. The firing pattern of spontaneous action potentials could be divided into regular and irregular, based on the inter...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00314.2003
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Patch-clamp methods were used to study recombinant glutamate receptor (GluR) ion channels expressed in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293) after transfection of the cells with cDNAs encoding kainate (KA)-type GluR subunits. Cells were transiently or stably transfected with the fully edited (R) version of GluR6 o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.1.510
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00