Abstract:
:Isolated nuclei of the unicellular alga Olisthodiscus luteus, the uninucleate dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii and the binucleate dinoflagellate Peridinium balticum were lysed and deposited on grids by the microcentrifugation technique. The ultrastructure of the released chromatin fibers was compared to that of mouse liver nuclei. Chromatin from nuclei of Olisthodiscus luteus and the "eukaryotic" nuclei of Peridinium balticum, appeared as linear arrays of regularly repeating subunits which were identical in size and morphology to mouse nucleosomes. In contrast, the chromatin fibers from Crypthecodinium cohnii nuclei appeared as smoothe threads with a diameter of about 6.5 nm. Nuclear preparations containing mixtures of "dinokaryotic" and "eukaryotic" nuclei of Peridinium balticum also contained smooth fibers which most likely originated from the dinokaryotic nuclei. These and other results demonstrating the presence of nucleosomes in lower eukaryotes suggest that the subunit structure of chromatin arose very early in the evolution of the eukaryotic cell.
journal_name
Chromosomajournal_title
Chromosomaauthors
Rizzo PJ,Burghardt RCdoi
10.1007/BF00292229subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-01-01 00:00:00pages
91-9issue
1eissn
0009-5915issn
1432-0886journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CHROMOSOMA文献大全abstract::At least two types of Robertsonian exchange are now known in the acrocentric chromosomes of man. Both types involve breakage in the arms adjacent to the centromere. Evidence is presented for a third type of exchange, one involving breakage within the centromere itself, in the grasshopper Percassa rugifrons. In this sp...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00326262
更新日期:1975-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) and Aurora A play key roles in centrosome maturation, spindle assembly, and chromosome segregation during cell division. Here we show that the functions of these kinases during early mitosis are coordinated through Bora, a partner of Aurora A first identified in Drosophila. Depletion of human...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-008-0165-5
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Replication times for all important chromosome bands, of both types R and Q (277 structures) are analysed. The R-bands form a group of structures whose DNA replicates during the early S-phase, while the DNA situated in the Q-bands replicates during the late S-phase. There may not exist overlapping between replication ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00293440
更新日期:1976-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::We probed the complex between oriC and DnaA protein using two types of mutants in oriC. Base changes in the DnaA binding sites, DnaA boxes, had little effect on origin function. Mutations which change the distance between DnaA boxes R3 and R4, on the other hand, inactivated oriC unless the mutation deleted or inserted...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02451779
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have characterized two post-translational histone modifications in Caenorhabditis elegans on a genomic scale. Micrococcal nuclease digestion and immunoprecipitation were used to obtain distinct populations of single nucleosome cores, which were analyzed using massively parallel DNA sequencing to obtain positional a...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0235-3
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A system has been developed using a microscope photometer to measure the DNA content of individual chromosomes. After correcting for the systematic and statistical errors the measured values are highly reproducible. Data are presented of measurements of human Y chromosomes from a cytogenetically normal population. Whe...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00371969
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of DNA replication is critical, and loss of control can lead to DNA amplification. Naturally occurring, developmentally regulated DNA amplification occurs in the DNA puffs of the late larval salivary gland giant polytene chromosomes in the fungus fly, Sciara coprophila. The steroid hormone ecdysone induces ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0395-4
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spindle checkpoint restrains anaphase onset and mitotic exit until all chromosomes are stably attached to the mitotic spindle via their kinetochores. The Tao1 protein kinase was recently reported as a novel spindle checkpoint component. When an siRNA was used to repress Tao1, the essential spindle checkpoint compo...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-010-0261-1
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA topology in histone- and protamine-depleted nuclei (nucleoids) from somatic cells, sperm, and spermatogenic cells was studied to determine if the superhelical configuration of DNA looped domains is altered during spermatogenesis. The expansion and contraction of nucleoid DNA was measured with a fluorescence micros...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00288496
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on the construction of the first comparative Zoo-FISH map of a marine mammal. Zoo-FISH with DNA probes from a human chromosome-specific library to metaphase spreads of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) disclosed 31 conserved syntenic segments covering the complete autosomal complement and the X chromosome. Co...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050230
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA reassociation kinetics were studied, by means of the hydroxyapatite chromatography method, for four species of Amphibians with different nuclear DNA content: Xenopus laevis (3 pg DNA per haploid genome) and Bufo bufo (7 pg) of the Anura subclass and Triturus cristatus (23 pg) and Necturus maculosus (52 pg) of the ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00327706
更新日期:1976-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a method of mapping genes or transcripts on polytene chromosomes by transmission electron microscopy. We present several applications which illustrate that, in favorable cases, the method has a resolution of ca. 10 kg, and that high resolution mapping of hybridization sites relative to bands and puffs can ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00293158
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During early meiotic development the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a characteristic nuclear dense body (NDB). It is shown that the NDB can also be induced in vegetatively growing cells through the inhibition of thymidylate synthetase which causes depletion of the dTMP pool and arrests DNA synthesis. The observati...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00285759
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spatial distribution of parental genomes has attracted much interest because intranuclear chromosome distribution can modulate the transcriptome of cells and influence the efficacy of meiotic homologue pairing. Pairing of parental chromosomes is imperative to sexual reproduction as it translates into homologue seg...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-014-0479-4
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Very few of the middle repetitive DNA sequences found in Drosophila melanogaster are present in all of the species of the D. melanogaster subgroup. One member of the subgroup, D. erecta, lacks most of the families of repetitive elements from D. melanogaster (including copia and 412) but possesses many other families n...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00327329
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::High resolution patterns of DNA replications in human lymphocyte chromosomes during early and late S-phases were studied by means of the BrdU-Hoechst-Giemsa technique. The late replicating bands were found to be identical with highly detailed G-bands. Between early replicating bands and R-bands subtile differences wer...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00286114
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand how microtubules interact in forming the mitotic apparatus and orienting and moving chromosomes, the precise arrangement of microtubules in kinetochore fibers in Chinese hamster ovary cells was examined. Individual microtubules were traced, using high voltage electron microscopy of serial 0.25 micron sec...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328277
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) chromosomes consist of large heterochromatic blocks in pericentromeric, centromeric, and intercalary regions comprised of two different highly abundant DNA satellite families. To investigate DNA methylation at single base resolution at heterochromatic regions, we applied a method for strand-...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-011-0325-x
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) has a large Z chromosome and highly condensed W chromosome. We used the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to isolate female-specific sequences ZBM1 and ZBM2. Southern blot hybridization to male and female zebra finch genomic DNA sugg...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-007-0130-8
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent progress in elucidating the function of synaptonemal complex (SC) proteins and of cohesins in meiocytes made possible, in particular, through the analysis of mice deficient in SC or cohesin proteins has significantly enriched our understanding of how meiotic chromosome architecture is determined. Cohesins and t...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-006-0060-x
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrosatellites are large polymorphic tandem arrays. The human subtelomeric macrosatellite D4Z4 has 11-150 repeats, each containing a copy of the intronless DUX4 gene. DUX4 is linked to facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, but its normal function is unknown. The DUX gene family includes DUX4, the intronless Dux mac...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0380-y
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The divergence of lineages leading to extant squamate reptiles (lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians) and birds occurred about 275 million years ago. Birds, unlike squamates, have karyotypes that are typified by the presence of a number of very small chromosomes. Hence, a number of chromosome rearrangements might be ex...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-011-0322-0
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::When A-banded human chromosomes mounted in water are transferred to an organic mounting medium, the chromosomes show uniform bright quinacrine fluorescence. This change is reversible. It is inferred that quinacrine is bound uniformly along the chromosomes, and that Q-banding is a consequence of a non-uniform distribut...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00294941
更新日期:1977-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence is presented that chromosome ends are attached to the nuclear envelope prior to the formation of axial cores during early meiotic prophase in the grasshopper Brachystola magna. The attachment sites of distal and proximal chromosome ends are clustered in a small region of the inner nuclear envelope resulting i...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00292844
更新日期:1976-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Retroviruses have the ability to integrate into the genome of their host, in many cases with little apparent sequence or site specificity. However, relatively few studies have addressed more general features of chromosomal integration. In this study we directly visualized the chromosomal organization of three represen...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00355364
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synaptonemal complexes of surface-spread spermatocytes of mice heterozygous for one of two reciprocal translations (R3 and R5) between the X and chromosome 7 have been examined by light and electron microscopy (EM). The break points of R3 were determined to be at 70% of chromosome 7, as measured from the centromer...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00338486
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two-hybrid system was used to identify proteins that interact with the central conserved domain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA topoisomerase I. Several different C-terminal domain-containing fragments of topoisomerase I, none of which overlapped with the central domain, were identified as specific interacting pol...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050299
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to reproduce is a major trait of living organisms. This ability is carried out by specialized reproductive cells-gametes. In mammals, gametes develop through a unique developmental pathway. Extensive changes in the epigenome of gametes occur during embryonic development. With birth, gametes continue to mat...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-019-00704-w
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among his many contributions to the field of chromosome structure and dynamics, J. Herbert Taylor showed that eukaryotic cells have many more potential replication origins than they use, which they can recruit when replication forks are slowed to complete S-phase in a timely fashion. Thirty years later, his findings r...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-007-0105-9
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four different inversion heterozygotes of maize were examined for the occurrence of synaptic adjustment. Three substages of pachytene were identified in synaptonemal complex (SC) spreads using side-by-side comparisons of chromosome squashes with two-dimensional spreads of SCs. In SC spreads, inversion loop frequency d...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00286917
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00