Abstract：
:Ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis) and gray gulls (Larus modestus) are two species active both by day and night. We have investigated the retinal adaptations that allow the diurnal and nocturnal behaviours of these two species. Electroretinograms and histological analyses show that both species have a duplex retina in which cones outnumber rods, but the number of rods appears sufficient to provide vision at night. Their retinas respond over the same scotopic dynamic range of 3.4logcdm(-2), which encompasses all of the light levels occurring at night in their photic environment. The amplitudes of the scotopic saturated a- and b-wave responses as well as the photopic saturated b-wave response and the photopic sensitivity parameter S are however higher in ring-billed gulls than in gray gulls. Moreover, the process of dark adaptation is about 30min faster in gray gulls than in ring-billed gulls. Our results suggest that both species have acquired in the course of their evolution functional adaptations that can be related to their specific photic environment.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Emond MP,McNeil R,Cabana T,Guerra CG,Lachapelle Pdoi
10.1016/j.visres.2006.02.023subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-09-01 00:00:00pages
2914-25issue
18eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
S0042-6989(06)00140-4journal_volume
46pub_type
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