Abstract:
:A procedure is described for isolating and purifying mesophyll protoplasts and bundle sheath protoplasts of the C(4) plant Panicum miliaceum. Following enzymic digestion of leaf tissue, mesophyll protoplasts and bundle sheath protoplasts are released and purified by density centrifugation. The lower density of mesophyll protoplasts allowed rapid separation of the two protoplast types. Evidence for separation of mesophyll protoplasts and bundle sheath protoplasts (up to 95% purity) is provided from light microscopy (based on size difference in both chloroplasts and protoplasts), levels of marker enzymes in the preparations (i.e. pyruvate, Pi dikinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase for mesophyll and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase for bundle sheath), and differences in substrate-dependent O(2) evolution by chloroplasts isolated from protoplasts.Chloroplasts were isolated from protoplasts by several passages of the protoplasts through a 20-micrometer nylon mesh. Mesophyll chloroplasts were judged approximately 90 to 95% intact and bundle sheath chloroplasts 80 to 90% intact based on retention of chloroplast marker enzymes and the ferricyanide test for intactness. It was necessary to include 10 millimolar MgCl(2) in media for osmotically shocking the chloroplasts in order to obtain maximum and linear rates of ferricyanide-dependent O(2) evolution.Chloroplasts isolated from mesophyll protoplast preparations had low rates of light-dependent O(2) evolution in the presence of 10 millimolar NaHCO(3) (0.13 micromoles per milligram chlorophyll per minute) in comparison to bundle sheath chloroplasts (1 to 2.5 micromoles per milligram chlorophyll per minute). The mesophyll chloroplasts catalyze high rates of 3-phosphoglycerate-dependent O(2) evolution (2 to 4 micromoles per milligram chlorophyll per minute). Orthophosphate but not phosphoenolpyruvate inhibited the 3-phosphoglycerate-dependent O(2) evolution by the mesophyll chloroplasts. Rates of O(2) evolution were much higher with mesophyll than with bundle sheath chloroplasts in the presence of pyruvate plus oxaloacetate. The results are discussed in relation to the proposed function of these chloroplasts during C(4) photosynthesis.
journal_name
Plant Physioljournal_title
Plant physiologyauthors
Edwards GEdoi
10.1104/pp.63.5.821subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-05-01 00:00:00pages
821-7issue
5eissn
0032-0889issn
1532-2548journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY文献大全abstract::The molecular weight and isoelectric point of the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase from red beet storage tissue were determined using N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) and a H(+)-ATPase antibody. When plasma membrane vesicles were incubated with 20 micromolar [(14)C]-DCCD at 0 degrees C, a single 97,000 dalton protein w...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.83.3.569
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rice (Oryza sativa) is the staple food for over half the world's population yet may represent a significant dietary source of inorganic arsenic (As), a nonthreshold, class 1 human carcinogen. Rice grain As is dominated by the inorganic species, and the organic species dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). To investigate how As ...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.109.146126
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study of the distribution of lectins over different vegetative tissues of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants, which were grown under normal crop conditions, indicated that lectin occurs in roots, leaves, and developing ears. Isolation and characterization of both root and leaf lectins led to the conclusions (a) that...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.78.2.384
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of a more detailed study on plant tumorigenesis, the action of gibberellic acid (GA(3)) in wounded potato tuber tissues as a model system has been evaluated. GA(3) stimulates total RNA synthesis in wounded tissues, the optimal concentration being 0.1 micromolar. The responsiveness of the tissue toward the horm...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.64.5.863
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the importance of cell type specificity in plant adaptive responses is widely accepted, only a limited number of studies have addressed this issue at the functional level. We have combined electrophysiological, imaging, and biochemical techniques to reveal the physiological mechanisms conferring higher sensitivi...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.16.01347
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful virus-based short interfering RNA-mediated RNA silencing technique for plant functional genomics. Besides short interfering RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) have also been shown to regulate gene expression by RNA silencing in various organisms. However, plant virus...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.110.155796
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relative elemental growth rate (REGR) profiles describe spatial patterns of growth intensity; they are indispensable for causal growth analyses. Published methods of REGR profile determination from marking experiments fall in two classes: the profile is either described by a series of segmental growth rates, or calcul...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.113.4.1395
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maximizing light capture by light-harvesting pigment optimization represents an attractive but challenging strategy to improve photosynthetic efficiency. Here, we report that loss of a previously uncharacterized gene, HIGH PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY1 (HPE1), optimizes light-harvesting pigments, leading to improved phot...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.16.00698
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipid-linked oligosaccharides were synthesized with the particulate enzyme preparation from mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) seedlings in the presence of GDP-[(14)C] mannose. The oligosaccharides were released from the lipids by mild acid hydrolysis and purified by several passages on Biogel P-4 columns. Five different ol...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.70.1.12
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L., cv Poinsette) plants were sprayed with 20 millimolar 5-aminolevulinic acid and then incubated in the dark for 14 hours. The intact chloroplasts were isolated from the above plants in the dark and were exposed to weak light (250 micromoles per square meter per second). Within 30 minutes, p...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.98.1.7
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Northern blot hybridization analyzes revealed that poly(A(+)) RNAs homologous to eight heat shock (HS)-specific cDNA clones were induced by arsenite (As) or Cd treatments. The mRNAs accumulated slower, and maximum accumulations were consistently lower than HS-induced levels. Prolonged treatment with low concentrations...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.86.4.1048
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the last century, two key hypotheses have been proposed to explain apical dominance in plants: auxin promotes the production of a second messenger that moves up into buds to repress their outgrowth, and auxin saturation in the stem inhibits auxin transport from buds, thereby inhibiting bud outgrowth. The recent...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.108.134783
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Succulent stems of Cissus quadrangularis L. (Vitaceae) contain glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, and glutamate dehydrogenase. The CO(2) and water gas exchanges of detached internodes were typical for Crassulacean acid metabolism plants. During three physiological phases, e.g. in the dark, in the early illumina...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.81.2.356
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydomonas reinhardtii adapts to the stress of CO(2)-limiting conditions through the induction of a set of genes including CAH1, which encodes a periplasmic carbonic anhydrase. CAH1 is up-regulated under low-CO(2) conditions (air containing 0.04% [v/v] CO(2)) in the presence of light, whereas it is down-regulated u...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.121.4.1329
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-throughput genotype screening is rapidly becoming a standard research tool in the post-genomic era. A major bottleneck currently exists, however, that limits the utility of this approach in the plant sciences. The rate-limiting step in current high-throughput pipelines is that tissue samples from living plants mu...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.104.040774
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gross tissue distribution, intracellular fate, and chemical behavior of Ni(2+) in soybean plants (Glycine max cv. Williams) were investigated. Following root absorption, Ni was highly mobile in the plant, with leaves being the major sink in the shoots for Ni during vegetative growth. A senescence >70% of the Ni pr...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.62.4.566
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we investigated the physiological role of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AtNUDX6, the gene encoding ADP-ribose (Rib)/NADH pyrophosphohydrolase, using its overexpressor (Pro35S:AtNUDX6) or disruptant (KO-nudx6). The level of NADH in Pro35S:AtNUDX6 and KO-nudx6 plants was decreased and increased, respectively,...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.110.153569
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The citrate carrier from maize (Zea mays) shoot mitochondria was solubilized with Triton X-100 and purified by sequential chromatography on hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite/celite in the presence of cardiolipin. SDS-gel electrophoresis of the purified fraction showed a single polypeptide band with an apparent molecul...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.120.3.841
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of sterile individuals in the hybrid backcross progeny of wild and cultivated rice limits the use of wild rice alleles for improving cultivated rice, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this sterility remain unclear. Here, we identified the semisterile introgression line YIL42, derived from a cross b...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.18.01374
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphinothricin (PPT) is the active component of a family of environmentally safe, nonselective herbicides. Resistance to PPT in transgenic crops has been reported by nuclear expression of a bar transgene encoding phosphinothricin acetyltransferase, a detoxifying enzyme. We report here expression of a bacterial bar g...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.125.4.1585
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proplastids and prolamellar bodies with tubular membranes were isolated from the dark grown primary leaves of bean seedlings (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The combination of fluorescence microscopy and negative contrast electron microscopy provided the tentative identification of protochlorophyll holochrome as a constituen...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.43.11.1769
更新日期:1968-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The physiological and molecular bases for contrasting [alpha]-amylase phenotypes were examined in germinating seeds of two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, Morex and Steptoe. Morex is a high-quality malting barley that develops high [alpha]-amylase activity soon after germination. Steptoe is a feed barley that d...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.102.1.195
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Greenhouse and field studies examined the effect of flower or seedhead removal on leaf senescence and associated changes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants. At intervals during seed development, selected leaves (leaves 6 through 8 from the top in the greenhouse and leaf 7 from the top in the field) were harves...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.83.4.844
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PAs) composed primarily of epicatechin units accumulate in the seed coats of the model legume Medicago truncatula, reaching maximal levels at around 20 d after pollination. Genes encoding the single Medicago anthocyanidin synthase (ANS; EC 1.14.11.19) and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.107.107326
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last few years, much attention has been given to the role of proteins that accumulate during water deficit. In this work, we analyzed the electrophoretic patterns of basic protein extracts, enriched for a number of cell-wall proteins, from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedlings and 21-d-old plants subjected to ...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.107.4.1119
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of the starchy endosperm protein of rice (Oryza sativa L. Japonica cv Koshihikari) during seed development confirmed that storage protein begins to accumulate about 5 days after flowering. Two polypeptide groups, 22 to 23 and 37 to 39 kilodaltons, the ...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.70.4.1094
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A water-soluble chlorophyll protein (WSCP) in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) was purified and its N-terminal sequence was determined. Forty-six of 48 residues of the sequence completely matched those of the drought-induced 22-kD protein (BnD22) in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). All 40 sequenced residues of WSCP fro...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.115.2.841
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Starch biosynthetic enzymes from maize (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) amyloplasts exist in cell extracts in high molecular weight complexes; however, the nature of those assemblies remains to be defined. This study tested the interdependence of the maize enzymes starch synthase IIa (SSIIa), SSIII, starch bra...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.109.135293
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of drought on Photosystem II (PSII) fluorescence and photosynthetic electron transport activities were analyzed in cotton. Water stress did not modify the amplitude of leaf variable fluorescence at room temperature in the presence of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) nor at 77 K. It is therefo...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.83.2.360
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vascular cambium produces secondary xylem and phloem in plants and is responsible for wood formation in forest trees. In this study we used a microscale mass-spectrometry technique coupled with cryosectioning to visualize the radial concentration gradient of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) across the cambial...
journal_title:Plant physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1104/pp.117.1.113
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00