Abstract:
:This paper examines the neuropathology of oxygen-glucose deprivation uncomplicated by stagnant conditions. Rabbit vagus nerves were pulled into a multi-compartment perfusion chamber, stimulated five times per second and deprived of energy by substituting nitrogen and deoxyglucose for oxygen and glucose in the Locke's perfusate. After incubation the compartments were perfused with gluteraldehyde solution, and the nerves were prepared for electron microscopy. Fixation in the compartments ensured precise cross and longitudinal sections which permitted quantitative comparisons. Although the action potentials ceased in 45 min, 1 h of energy deprivation did not significantly affect the ultrastructure. After 2 h of deprivation the axons were smaller and flattened and microtubules appeared packed together. In the smallest axons the microtubules were gone, the neurofilaments were compacted and the few mitochondria had a dense, homogenous appearance. By 4 h the shrinking was extreme, yet 8% were swollen much larger than any of the controls. Longitudinal views showed these ballooned areas were greatly expanded regions of the smallest axons. Both tiny and huge regions were devoid of microtubules and the swollen axons contained expanded mitochondria. Calcium is indirectly implicated in the pathogenesis by the concurrence of mitochondrial alteration as the microtubules disappear coupled with the known role of mitochondria in calcium regulation and the reported effect of high calcium on microtubual dissociation. It is suggested that axons first shrink as osmotically active molecules are used or washed out. After a time without energy the mitochondria can no longer regulate the intracellular calcium, microtubules dissociate, and calcium-activated phospholipases create osmotically active molecules. Finally, high-amplitude, disruptive swelling occurs.
journal_name
Acta Neuropatholjournal_title
Acta neuropathologicaauthors
Dahl NA,Looney GA,Black WHdoi
10.1007/BF00685378subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-01-01 00:00:00pages
111-20issue
2-3eissn
0001-6322issn
1432-0533journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The spatial patterns of diffuse, primitive, classic (cored) and compact (burnt-out) subtypes of beta/A4 deposits were studied in coronal sections of the frontal lobe and hippocampus, including the adjacent gyri, in nine cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD). If the more mature deposits were derived from the diffuse deposi...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00454896
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyclonal antibodies directed towards synaptophysin were raised against a synthesised peptide corresponding to amino acids 246 to 260 of the human synaptophysin sequence. The antibodies, when applied for immunocytochemical staining, showed a staining pattern identical to that of the commercially available monoclonal ...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00293325
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytic alpha-synuclein-immunoreactive inclusions have recently been noted to develop in sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, the presence of immunoreactive astrocytes is reported in 14 autopsy cases with clinically diagnosed PD and a neuropathological stage of 4 or higher. The labeled astrocytes occur preferen...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-007-0244-3
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study concerns an autopsy case of motor neuron disease with dementia (MND-D) that exhibited unusual clinical and neuropathological findings. The patient was a Japanese man without any relevant family history who was 60 years old at the time of death. His clinical manifestation included character change at the age...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-001-0482-8
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatments. Numerous RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have been shown to be altered in ALS, with mutations in 11 RBPs causing familial forms of the disease, and 6 more RBPs showing abnormal expression/distribution in ALS albeit...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1785-8
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abundant proliferation of cells having the histologic and tinctorial features of microglia, were seen in the brain of 34-year old man who suffered cardiac arrest 10 days before death and whose bone marrow was nearly totally depleted of white-blood-cell precursors. It is suggested, that in adult human brains there are ...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00691588
更新日期:1978-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory chain dysfunction leads to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation with following oxidative stress and cellular damage. A histochemical and immunohistochemical study was performed on muscle biopsies from 17 patients with mitochondrial disease [chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), mitochond...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004010100455
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two young zebra siblings from consecutive pregnancies suffered from neurological disease, characterized by ventral deviation of the neck and tetraparesis which progressed to tetraplegia within a few weeks. On histological examination widespread neuronal degeneration was observed in the ventral horns of the spinal cord...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00684532
更新日期:1977-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::Focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) are increasingly recognized as one of the most common causes of pharmaco-resistant epilepsies. FCDs were recently divided into various clinico-pathological subtypes due to distinct imaging, electrophysiological, and outcome characteristics. In this review, we will overview the internat...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00401-014-1304-0
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence of misfolded wild-type superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) has been detected in spinal cords of sporadic ALS (sALS) patients, suggesting an etiological relationship to SOD1-associated familial ALS (fALS). Given that there are currently a number of promising therapies under development that target SOD1, it is of cri...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-016-1623-4
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An unusual case of cerebellar neurocytoma with rhabdomyomatous differentiation in a 6-year-old boy is reported. Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural features of the tumour were studied. Abortive synapse formation, the presence of clear vesicles and synaptophysin immunoreactivity of the tumour cells indicated its int...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004010050805
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The post-mortem diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases can be confounded by the unavailability of suitable material. Here we report the diagnosis of GM1-gangliosidosis in a cross-bred dog, from which only formalin-fixed brain was available, by a combination of electron microscopy and the detection of elevated levels ...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004010000187
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study was undertaken to determine the pathological significance of previously unrecognized intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions (IEIs) in ependymoma. The study group consisted of 58 ependymomas, all of which were pathologically characterized and graded according to the 1993 WHO classification. Electron microscop...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00007427
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histochemical and electron microscopic studies were performed in an attempt to clarify the muscle pathology in an 18-year-old man with Fabry disease, showing proximal limb muscle atrophy, and his 52-year-old mother, who is a Fabry carrier with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Despite the relatively mild myopathic changes ...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00296520
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 50-year-old carpenter died in Western Pennsylvania of rabies on January 4, 1979. He had been hospitalized in an intensive care unit for 28 days. The diagnosis was made postmortem from light and electron microscopic examination of central nervous system tissue. Immunofluorescence studies confirmed the diagnosis later...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00687393
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Massive GGGGCC repeat expansion in the first intron of the gene C9orf72 is the most common known cause of familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Despite its intronic localization and lack of an ATG start codon, the repeat region is translated in all three reading fra...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-013-1189-3
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, we described a machine learning approach for classification of central nervous system tumors based on the analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation patterns [6]. Here, we report on DNA methylation-based central nervous system (CNS) tumor diagnostics conducted in our institution between the years 2015 and 2018....
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-018-1879-y
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electron microscopy and computerized morphometric techniques were employed to examine pericyte ultrastructure and to assess quantitatively their relationship to endothelial cells in five cases of cerebellar capillary hemangioblastoma. A total of 97 cross-sectioned capillary profiles were studied. Pericyte coverage of ...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00687810
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A description is given of three cases of ganglioneuromas, which originated from ganglia of the sympathetic chain of hamsters. Other reports of such tumors in this species are reviewed and the literature relative to hamster ganglioneuromas presented. In addition, the possible genesis of origin from adult ganglion cells...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00696794
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebellar torpedoes, unique fusiform swellings of Purkinje cell axons within the granular layer, have been known to occur sparsely associated with diffuse cerebellar changes. This report describes, in three human autopsy cases with focal necrotic lesions in the cerebellar white matter, torpedoes which were essentiall...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00311388
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is evidence that apoptotic cell death mechanisms contribute to muscle fibre loss in dystrophinopathies, but little knowledge about the activators of the final degrading caspase cascade in muscle fibre apoptosis. As mitochondria-related activation of this caspase cascade, through e.g. APAF-1, could not be proven ...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-004-0934-z
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skeins or skein-like inclusions, one of the two types of ubiquitinated intraneuronal inclusions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in the neostriatum are not specific to the disease, but it has not yet been determined whether the other, spherical or crescent-shaped inclusions (SCI) are pathognomonic. To clarify t...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004010100398
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inappropriate apoptosis has been implicated in the mechanism of neuronal death in Huntington's disease (HD). In this study, we report the expression of apoptotic markers in HD caudate nucleus (grades 1-4) and compare this with controls without neurological disease. Terminal transferase-mediated biotinylated-UTP nick e...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-004-0957-5
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Axonal degeneration contributes to the transient and permanent neurological deficits seen in multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. To study the immunological mechanisms causing axonal degeneration, we induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in wildtype Lewis rats an...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-006-0047-y
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired axonal transport of the fast or slow component has been reported in patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), animal models for ALS, and familial ALS-linked mutant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) transgenic mice. However, little is known about the impairment of axonal transport in mutant S...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-005-1021-9
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of embryonal tumor with novel inclusion bodies occurring in the cerebellum of a 12-year-old girl. The tumor was histopathologically composed of small undifferentiated cells intermingled with a small number of rhabdoid cells, which had an ultrastructural feature of intermediate filament whorls. Immunoh...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-005-1015-7
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of 50 human primary intracranial tumors were cultivated in vitro in an attempt to establish cell lines with the trypsinization technique. During the in vitro adaptation period, cultures were maintained at high cell density to avoid rapid over-growth by connective tissue. Five lines were established from 5 tum...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00690383
更新日期:1977-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously reported a pathological investigation of peripheral neuropathy in a horse with knuckling. This report describes details of the muscle and peripheral nerve lesions in two additional cases of light horse yearlings with knuckling. The skeletal muscles showed neurogenic atrophy characterized by scattere...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004010050916
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temozolomide (TMZ) increases the overall survival of patients with glioblastoma (GBM), but its role in the clinical management of diffuse low-grade gliomas (LGG) is still being defined. DNA hypermethylation of the O (6) -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter is associated with an improved response to TMZ...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-015-1403-6
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report deals with the expression of stress-response (heat-shock) protein 72 (srp 72) in a series of 95 primary human brain tumors and 21 carcinoma metastases to the central nervous system (CNS). Immunohistochemical procedures were employed; cells of the human cervical cancer line HeLa S3 were used as positive con...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00227818
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00