Chloroquine retinopathy: is there a safe daily dose?

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the activation of NF-kappaB in the carrageenan rat air pouch model of inflammation in a time course experiment, and the effect of dexamethasone on NF-kappaB activation. METHODS:Air pouch tissue treated with carrageenan (inflamed tissue) was obtained from rats killed at days 1, 2, 3, 6, 14, 21,...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Ellis L,Gilston V,Soo CC,Morris CJ,Kidd BL,Winyard PG

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of age on the effectiveness and tolerance of antitumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS:730 patients of the Dutch Rheumatoid Arthritis Monitoring (DREAM) register were categorised into three groups according to their age at initiatio...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Radovits BJ,Kievit W,Fransen J,van de Laar MA,Jansen TL,van Riel PL,Laan RF

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Treatment with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNF-i) plus methotrexate (MTX), but not MTX monotherapy alone, inhibits joint damage progression even at higher levels of disease activity. Such disassociation of disease activity and structural damage has not been shown for biological agents other than TNF-i...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Smolen JS,Avila JC,Aletaha D

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alefacept is a bioengineered fusion protein of soluble lymphocyte function antigen (LFA-3) with Fc fragments of IgG1. It is marketed in many countries for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. This paper reviews the data supporting the use of alefacept in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. ...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Gottlieb AB

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess associations between joint-specific hand symptoms and self-reported and performance-based functional status. METHODS:Participants were from the population-based Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. Symptoms in the distal interphalangeal (DIP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), first carpometacarpa...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Elliott AL,Kraus VB,Fang F,Renner JB,Schwartz TA,Salazar A,Huguenin T,Hochberg MC,Helmick CG,Jordan JM

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a case of systemic sclerosis with sympathetic and parasympathetic neuropathy and detail autonomic testing in six further patients. Of these six patients, three showed early parasympathetic damage. None of the patients had evidence of peripheral neuropathy, and there was no correlation between the presence ...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Sonnex C,Paice E,White AG

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) is a marker of activation of vascular endothelium. OBJECTIVE:To examine serum levels of sE-selectin in a cohort of 85 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) followed up for five years. METHODS:sE-selectin levels were assessed annually using an enzyme linked immunosor...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Kuuliala A,Eberhardt K,Takala A,Kautiainen H,Repo H,Leirisalo-Repo M

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To present and analyse the literature sources regarding the management of Behçet disease (BD) identified during the systematic literature research, which formed the basis for the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) evidence-based recommendations for the management of BD. METHODS:Problem areas and rel...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Hatemi G,Silman A,Bang D,Bodaghi B,Chamberlain AM,Gul A,Houman MH,Kötter I,Olivieri I,Salvarani C,Sfikakis PP,Siva A,Stanford MR,Stübiger N,Yurdakul S,Yazici H

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Interferon (IFN) beta displays anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity and has been considered for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Information about the effects of this molecule on joint cells is scarce, however. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of IFNbeta on the production of inter...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Palmer G,Mezin F,Juge-Aubry CE,Plater-Zyberk C,Gabay C,Guerne PA

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulsed methylprednisolone (PMP) has been shown to produce clinical improvement and reduction in the ESR and acute phase protein concentrations in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and has been advocated for use either as an alternative to slow-acting antirheumatoid drugs (SAARDs) or in conjunction with SAARDs ...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Neumann V,Hopkins R,Dixon J,Watkins A,Bird H,Wright V

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The systemic vasculitides are multisystem disorders with considerable mortality and morbidity and frequent relapses. In the absence of reliable serological markers, accurate clinical tools are required to assess disease activity and damage for treatment decisions, and for the performance of clinical trials. This artic...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Flossmann O,Bacon P,de Groot K,Jayne D,Rasmussen N,Seo P,Westman K,Luqmani R

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell electrophoresis identifies two main subpopulations of blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), which in terms of the speed of their anodic migration are referred to as the fast and slow population. When blood PMNs from normal healthy subjects were incubated in medium containing 20% RA serum there was a decrease in t...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Brown KA,McCarthy D,Perry JD,Dumonde DC

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of grade III or IV osteoarthritis was determined in 210 patients with chronic renal failure, of whom 94 were receiving chronic haemodialysis and 116 had functioning renal transplants. The prevalence of grade III or IV osteoarthritis was three times greater in patients under 65 than in a control populati...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Duncan IJ,Hurst NP,Sebben R,Milazzo SC,Disney A

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a multicentre study patients with rheumatoid arthritis judged by prevailing criteria to be suitable for synovectomy of the knee or metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints were randomly allocated to one of two groups. One group had the operation, the other was observed without operation from a notional corresponding date. ...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors：

更新日期：1975-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess productivity costs incurred by rheumatoid arthritis, comprising paid as well as household productivity costs, from a societal perspective, using different methods. METHODS:A questionnaire on productivity, including items of the Health and Labour Questionnaire, was completed by 576 patients with rhe...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Verstappen SM,Boonen A,Verkleij H,Bijlsma JW,Buskens E,Jacobs JW,Utrecht Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort Study Group.

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Leflunomide is known to be embryotoxic and teratogenic in rodents. However, there is less evidence in humans. We quantified the risk of major congenital malformation (MCM), prematurity, low birth weight (LBW) and spontaneous abortion associated with leflunomide exposure during pregnancy in humans. METHODS:F...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Bérard A,Zhao JP,Shui I,Colilla S

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Of 29 524 hospitalised medical patients monitored in a drug surveillance programme 1835 (6.2%) received the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol. After the exclusion of skin reactions adverse effects were attributed to this drug in 33 (1.8%) patients, the most frequent being haematological abnormalities (11 patients...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： McInnes GT,Lawson DH,Jick H

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)/pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor/visfatin exerts multiple functions and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. To gain insight into its role in arthritis and given that NAMPT is identified as a novel mediator of innate immunity, we ad...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Présumey J,Courties G,Louis-Plence P,Escriou V,Scherman D,Pers YM,Yssel H,Pène J,Kyburz D,Gay S,Jorgensen C,Apparailly F

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thermography before and after joint irrigation at arthroscopy showed no significant improvement of inflammation in 14 patients. Subjectively, those with chondrocalcinosis did best. ...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Bird HA,Ring EF

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Only a minority (7/35, 20%) of synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and none from patients with other arthritides stimulated the oxidative response of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs). Superoxide anion generation was measured by superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c. The...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Dularay B,Badesha JS,Dieppe PA,Elson CJ

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Reduced caveolin-1 levels in lung fibroblasts from patients with scleroderma and the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice promote collagen overexpression and lung fibrosis. This study was undertaken to determine whether caveolin-1 is deficient in leucocytes from bleomycin-treated mice and patients with scleroderm...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Tourkina E,Richard M,Oates J,Hofbauer A,Bonner M,Gööz P,Visconti R,Zhang J,Znoyko S,Hatfield CM,Silver RM,Hoffman S

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review focuses on the contribution of genetic markers to the severity of radiological damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Currently available biomarkers of more severe disease include elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates or C-reactive protein levels and rheumatoid factor (RF) or anticyclic citrullinated prot...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Marinou I,Maxwell JR,Wilson AG

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether mild variation in acetabular depth (AD) and shape is a risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip. METHODS:The unaffected contralateral hip of patients with unilateral hip OA was compared with hips of asymptomatic controls without hip OA, derived from the Nottingham Genetics Osteoart...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： McWilliams DF,Doherty SA,Jenkins WD,Maciewicz RA,Muir KR,Zhang W,Doherty M

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Physical disability is part of the end point measures in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials. The Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ DI) is often used for this purpose but lacks international uniformity owing to variations in the translated and adapted questionnaires and variatio...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Zandbelt MM,Welsing PM,van Gestel AM,van Riel PL

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The severity of joint destruction is highly variable between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The majority of its heritability is still unexplained. Several autoimmune diseases share genetic risk variants that may also influence disease progression. We aimed to identify genetic risk factors for the severi...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： de Rooy DP,Zhernakova A,Tsonaka R,Willemze A,Kurreeman BA,Trynka G,van Toorn L,Toes RE,Huizinga TW,Houwing-Duistermaat JJ,Gregersen PK,van der Helm-van Mil AH

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare familial inflammatory inclusion body myositis (IBM) with hereditary inclusion body myopathies and sporadic IBM. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Clinical, biological, MRI, and histological data were analysed in two siblings with inflammatory IBM and compared with those of patients with sporadic and hereditary...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Ranque-Francois B,Maisonobe T,Dion E,Piette JC,Chauveheid MP,Amoura Z,Papo T

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two patients (one male, one female) with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and IgA nephropathy are described. The female patient is the first reported case to have AS and IgA nephropathy concurrently. Contrary to previously reported cases, her renal manifestation preceded her rheumatic symptoms. It is suggested that women w...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Lai KN,Li PK,Hawkins B,Lai FM

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of an intra-articular presentation of stress (heat shock) proteins (hsp) on joint inflammation. METHODS:Wistar rats were sensitised with a suspension of heat killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in oil in the scruff of the neck and challenged intra-articularly with stress protein or M tube...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Winrow VR,Ragno S,Morris CJ,Colston MJ,Mascagni P,Leoni F,Gromo G,Coates AR,Blake DR

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The case is described of a patient with scleromyxoedema with features typical of systemic sclerosis. The features were so characteristic that the disease was misdiagnosed as systemic sclerosis. A brief review of the association of the two diseases is given. ...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Verma UN,Singh RR,Misra R,Naik S,Agarwal SS

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Low serum vitamin D concentrations have been reported in several autoimmune disorders. OBJECTIVE:To assess whether low serum vitamin D concentrations are related to disease activity of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS:378 patients from several European and Israeli cohorts were pool...

journal_title：Annals of the rheumatic diseases

authors： Amital H,Szekanecz Z,Szücs G,Dankó K,Nagy E,Csépány T,Kiss E,Rovensky J,Tuchynova A,Kozakova D,Doria A,Corocher N,Agmon-Levin N,Barak V,Orbach H,Zandman-Goddard G,Shoenfeld Y

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00