Luminogenic cytochrome P450 assays.

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Raltegravir was the first available integrase inhibitor for treating HIV-positive patients. This review aims to provide an overview of its role in the management of HIV-1 infection, highlighting its key pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. AREAS COVERED:This review covers material searched and ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Calcagno A,D'Avolio A,Bonora S

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Due to their multiple effects, glucocorticoids (GCs) have versatile medical uses. They can regulate many xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily, and thus, influence pharmacotherapy. AREAS COVERED:The aim of this paper is to summarize the molecular effects of GCs on CYP as...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Matoulková P,Pávek P,Malý J,Vlček J

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Pediatric critical illness and associated alterations in organ function can change drug pharmacokinetics (PK). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), a life-saving therapy for severe cardiac and/or respiratory failure, causes additional PK alterations that affect drug disposition. AREAS COVERED:The p...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Himebauch AS,Kilbaugh TJ,Zuppa AF

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:. Membrane transporters are integral to the maintenance of cellular integrity of all tissue and cell types. While transporters play an established role in the systemic pharmacokinetics of therapeutic drugs, tissue specific expression of uptake transporters can serve as an initiating mechanism that governs ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Huang KM,Uddin ME,DiGiacomo D,Lustberg MB,Hu S,Sparreboom A

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease manifesting as recurrent seizures. Despite the availability of numerous antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), one-third of the patients are not responsive to treatment. Such inter-individual variability in the response to AEDs may be partly explained by genetic differences....

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Piana C,Antunes Nde J,Della Pasqua O

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antithrombotic therapy is a crucial component of interventional cardiology and currently involves the administration of both anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents. The implementation of standard dual or triple antiplatelet therapies has allowed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation to become...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Ahrens I,Smith BK,Bode C,Peter K

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Apigenin, a natural flavone, is widely distributed in plants such as celery, parsley and chamomile. It is present principally as glycosylated in nature. Higher intake of apigenin could reduce the risk of chronic diseases. It has gained particular interest in recent years as a beneficial, health-promoting a...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Tang D,Chen K,Huang L,Li J

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:A major challenge in transplantation is improving long-term organ transplant and patient survival. Immunosuppressants protect the transplant organ from alloimmune reactions, but sometimes also exhibit limiting side effects. The key to improving long-term outcome following transplantation is the selection o...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Christians U,Klawitter J,Klawitter J,Brunner N,Schmitz V

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Sumatriptan was developed more than 20 years ago as a 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist, the first drug in a new class of specific anti-migraine drugs, the triptans. A large amount of information and experience has been gained from the clinical trials undertaken as well the various formulations of sumatriptan use...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Tfelt-Hansen P,Hougaard A

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Many different drugs and xenobiotics (chemical compounds foreign to an organism) can injure the bile duct epithelium and cause inflammatory bile duct diseases (cholangiopathies) ranging from transient cholestasis to vanishing bile duct syndrome, sclerosing cholangitis with development of biliary fibrosis a...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Österreicher CH,Trauner M

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extensive growth in the field of molecular biology in recent decades has led to the development of new and powerful experimental and computational tools that enable the analysis of complex biological responses to chemical exposure on both a functional and structural genetic level. The ability to profile global respons...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Harrill AH,Rusyn I

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) is expressed in cells secreting calcium-regulating hormones, in cells involved in calcium transport and in many other tissues, with an as yet not completely defined role. In parathyroid cells, the CaSR stimulation inhibits parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, synthesis and parathyro...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Messa P,Alfieri C,Brezzi B

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperphosphatemia is recognized as a principal mineral disorder in chronic kidney disease (CKD) that leads to the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Recent data indicate that hyperphosphatemia is associated with accelerated cardiac calcification and increased mortality in patients with CKD. Control of serum...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Barton Pai A,Conner TA,McQuade CR

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) plays a central role in the metabolism and metabolic activation of a large number of small, mostly xenobiotic compounds. These qualities distinguish CYP2E1 from traditional enzymes and pose significant challenges to understanding the role and consequences of CYP2E1-mediated metab...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Miller GP

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Anticancer drugs are characterized by a narrow therapeutic window and significant inter-patient variability in therapeutic and toxic effects. Current body surface area (BSA)-based dosing fails to standardize systemic anticancer drug exposure and other alternative dosing strategies also have their limitations...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Gao B,Klumpen HJ,Gurney H

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists such as leuprolide acetate (LA) are the most frequently utilized treatment of advanced prostate cancer as the regimen for achieving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The efficacy of LA is determined by extent of testosterone (T) suppression in prostate cance...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Crawford ED,Moul JW,Sartor O,Shore ND

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Topotecan was initially approved for the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer. In cervical cancer, it has been investigated for its potential as part of systemic therapy for advanced and/or recurrent disease and in combination with cisplatin and radiation as a first-line treatment for advanced disease. As...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Musa F,Blank S,Muggia F

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction: The inclusion of pharmacogenetics alongside clinical information in anticoagulant therapy offers the opportunity for a tailored approach to treatment according to individual patient characteristics. Areas covered: Literature was searched using PubMed database, focusing on pharmacogenetics of oral anticoa...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Kampouraki E,Kamali F

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is wide inter-individual variability in the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and tolerance of anticancer drugs. Recent evidence suggests that there is even greater variability between individuals of different ethnicity. Allelic variants of genes encoding drug metabolising enzymes are expressed with different i...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Phan VH,Moore MM,McLachlan AJ,Piquette-Miller M,Xu H,Clarke SJ

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has increasingly been recognized that few molecules move across the cell membrane without the assistance of transporter proteins. Large superfamilies of transporter proteins have been identified in every living cell, including microorganisms and mitochondria. This report reviews the role of transporters in physiolo...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Lee EJ,Lean CB,Limenta LM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADME-tox) processes of drugs are of importance and require preclinical investigation intestine in addition to the liver. Various models have been developed for prediction of ADME-tox in the intestine. In this review, precision-cut intestinal...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Li M,de Graaf IA,Groothuis GM

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Oral bioavailability is one of the most important properties in drug design and development. A poor oral bioavailability can result in low efficacy and unpredictable response to a drug. Several dosages of melatonin have been used for various investigations to clarify its bioavailability in humans. Aiming to s...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Proietti S,Carlomagno G,Dinicola S,Bizzarri M

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates 10% of all pregnancies and is defined as hyperglycemia first noted during pregnancy. Rates of GDM are rising and untreated GDM results in complications for both mother and fetus. GDM is often managed by diet and exercise but 30-40% of women will require pharm...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Malek R,Davis SN

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the metabolic routes and metabolites of myricitrin, an important active ingredient of traditional herbal medicine, yielded by the isolated human intestinal bacteria, which have not been reported previously. METHODS:Fresh human fecal samples were collected from a healthy female volunteer and ab...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Du LY,Zhao M,Xu J,Qian DW,Jiang S,Shang EX,Guo JM,Liu P,Su SL,Duan JA,Leng XJ

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Recent advances in molecular biology have enabled personalized cancer therapies with molecularly targeted agents (MTAs), which offer a promising future for cancer therapy. Dynamic modeling and simulation (M&S) is a powerful mathematical approach linking drug exposures to pharmacological responses, providin...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Yamazaki S,Spilker ME,Vicini P

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:There have been increasing concerns regarding adverse reactions and toxicity incidents caused by traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), among which the nephrotoxicity is particularly worrying. AREAS COVERED:This review summarizes the ingredients with renal toxicity from some TCMs through searching the rele...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Xu XL,Yang LJ,Jiang JG

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate fixed-dose combination (FTC/TDF FDC) is the co-formulation of a nucleoside and a nucleotide, respectively. After oral administration, both drugs exhibit plasma and intracellular half-lives suitable for once-daily dosing. Within the host cells, active metabolites ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Uglietti A,Zanaboni D,Gnarini M,Maserati R

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:The use of the first generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz (EFV) as a component of first-line antiretroviral therapy has been accepted worldwide. EFV is the only antiretroviral agent currently on the market that has been combined with emtricitabine and tenofovir dis...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Rakhmanina NY,van den Anker JN

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cervical cancer is the second-most common malignancy in women worldwide. Cisplatin was introduced as a radiosensitizer in 1999 to improve chances of survival. Tumor cell hypoxia, however, remains a major limiting factor in the treatment of solid tumors with chemotherapy and radiation. There has since been ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Ghatage P,Sabagh H

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Although naturally occurring peptides have been widely used as drugs, their rapid in vivo degradation by proteolysis and their interactions at multiple receptors are part of the reason for the limitation of their clinical applications. AREAS COVERED:This paper reviews peptide-metabolizing enzymes in the b...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Pernot M,Vanderesse R,Frochot C,Guillemin F,Barberi-Heyob M

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00