Transplantation without immunosuppression.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Bariatric surgery causes durable weight loss. Gut hormones are implicated in obesity pathogenesis, dietary failure, and mediating gastrointestinal bypass (GIBP) surgery weight loss. In mice, we determined the effects of diet-induced obesity (DIO), subsequent dieting, and GIBP surgery on ghrelin, peptide YY (P...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Chandarana K,Gelegen C,Karra E,Choudhury AI,Drew ME,Fauveau V,Viollet B,Andreelli F,Withers DJ,Batterham RL

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the NeuroD/BETA2 gene have been shown to associate with type 2 diabetes. In the present study, we examined mutations in the NeuroD/BETA2 gene for association with either type 1 or 2 diabetes. Three variants were identified in patients with type 2 diabetes: Ala45Thr (allelic frequency 0.36, 95% CI 0.31-0.4...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Hansen L,Jensen JN,Urioste S,Petersen HV,Pociot F,Eiberg H,Kristiansen OP,Hansen T,Serup P,Nerup J,Pedersen O

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to evaluate and cor-relate islet to brown and white adipose tissue (WAT) blood perfusion in one obese rat and one nonobese rat with type 2 diabetes (obese Zucker [OZ] and GK rats, respectively). We measured blood perfusion with a microsphere technique in anesthetized animals and subseq...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Kampf C,Bodin B,Källskog O,Carlsson C,Jansson L

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By closing ATP-sensitive K+ (K+-ATP) channels, glucose promotes depolarization-dependent Ca2+ entry and cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) rise in beta-cells. Ca2+-dependent exocytosis of insulin granules is then potentiated by a K+-ATP channel-independent action of glucose. The underlying mechanisms of thi...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Sato Y,Henquin JC

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human CD5+ B lymphocytes produce autoantibodies that bind to self- and exogenous antigens. Extremely high percentages of CD5+ B lymphocytes are present in the fetal and newborn periods, whereas they constitute only a minority of B lymphocytes in healthy adults. Increased percentages of circulating CD5+ lymphocytes hav...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Schatz DA,Lang F,Cantor AB,Riley WJ,Maclaren NK,Sleasman JW,Barrett DJ

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To clarify the relationship between abnormality of sorbitol and/or myo-inositol metabolism caused by hyperglycemia and diabetic macroangiopathy, we investigated the effects of high glucose concentrations and epalrestat, an aldose reductase inhibitor, on the metabolism of sorbitol and myo-inositol in cultured rabbit ao...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Sakakibara F,Hotta N,Koh N,Sakamoto N

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatogenic diabetes (PD), secondary either to chronic calcific pancreatitis or to pancreatectomy, is characterized by higher frequency of hypoglycemic events during insulin therapy in comparison with type I insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD). Not only glucagon deficiency, but an enhanced peripheral tissue sensitivit...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Nosadini R,del Prato S,Tiengo A,Duner E,Toffolo G,Cobelli C,Faronato PP,Moghetti P,Muggeo M

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes is linked with the increase in consumption of fructose-containing sugars, such as sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup. In mammalian cells, fructose is metabolized predominantly via phosphorylation to fructose-1 phosphate by ketohexokinase (KHK) or by alternative pathways. He...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Marek G,Pannu V,Shanmugham P,Pancione B,Mascia D,Crosson S,Ishimoto T,Sautin YY

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the transgenic mouse, a specific gene can be transduced or deleted to study its function and relation to human diseases. Recently, various lines of transgenic mice that overexpress or lack a specific gene have been established and are available to study the pathophysiology of human diseases, including atheroscleros...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Harada K,Shimano H,Ishibashi S,Yamada N

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Munc13-1 is a diacylglycerol (DAG) receptor that is essential for synaptic vesicle priming. We recently showed that Munc13-1 is expressed in rodent and human islet beta-cells and that its levels are reduced in islets of type 2 diabetic humans and rat models, suggesting that Munc13-1 deficiency contributes to the abnor...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Kwan EP,Xie L,Sheu L,Nolan CJ,Prentki M,Betz A,Brose N,Gaisano HY

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoxemia is common in diabetes, and reflex responses to hypoxia are blunted. These abnormalities could lead to cardiovascular/renal complications. Interval hypoxia (IH) (5-6 short periods of hypoxia each day over 1-3 weeks) was successfully used to improve the adaptation to hypoxia in patients with chronic obstructiv...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Duennwald T,Bernardi L,Gordin D,Sandelin A,Syreeni A,Fogarty C,Kytö JP,Gatterer H,Lehto M,Hörkkö S,Forsblom C,Burtscher M,Groop PH,FinnDiane Study Group.

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been proposed that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) isoforms sensitive to the pyridinylimidazole compounds SB 203580 and SB 202190 may participate in the acute insulin-dependent activation of glucose transporters recruited to the plasma membrane of adipocytes and skeletal muscle. Here, we explore whe...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Turban S,Beardmore VA,Carr JM,Sakamoto K,Hajduch E,Arthur JS,Hundal HS

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An A-to-G transition in the mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene at base pair 3243 has been shown to be associated with the maternally transmitted clinical phenotype of NIDDM and sensorineural hearing loss in white and Japanese pedigrees. We have detected this mutation in 25 of 50 tested members of five white French pedigr...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Velho G,Byrne MM,Clément K,Sturis J,Pueyo ME,Blanché H,Vionnet N,Fiet J,Passa P,Robert JJ,Polonsky KS,Froguel P

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo voltammetry was used to measure the synaptic release of rat striatal dopamine and serotonin after the administration of the amino acid L-tryptophan to streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Dopamine and serotonin release from rat striatum was studied at a short-term or acute (3-day) interval and a long-term or ch...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Broderick PA,Jacoby JH

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperinsulinemia was produced in fetal rhesus monkeys for 21 days in the last third of gestation by subcutaneous pork insulin injected at 19 U a day. Plasma insulin concentrations in treated fetuses (N = 4) were 3525 microU/ml. There was no difference in paired pre- and post-treatment fetal plasma glucose concentratio...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： McCormick KL,Susa JB,Widness JA,Singer DB,Adamsons K,Schwartz R

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic high-fat feeding in rats induces profound whole-body insulin resistance, mainly due to effects in oxidative skeletal muscle. The mechanisms of this reaction remain unclear, but local lipid availability has been implicated. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of three short-term physiological man...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Oakes ND,Bell KS,Furler SM,Camilleri S,Saha AK,Ruderman NB,Chisholm DJ,Kraegen EW

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies of diabetic renovascular complications have measured morphologic changes in relatively few glomerular vessels by electron microscopy. The present study samples 20,000 to 80,000 glomeruli from each of ten nondiabetic and ten diabetic age- and sex-matched subjects. Glomeruli were isolated and fractionat...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Klein L,Butcher DL,Sudilovsky O,Kikkawa R,Miller M

更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 32 pairs of obese fathers or mothers and their obese offsprings, aged 20 yr or younger, from 25 families with established hyperinsulinemic obesity aged 11-20 yr equally showed an insulin hyperresponse to glucose, the offspring 10 yr or younger revealed a rather normal insulin response, despite the presence ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Maruhama Y,Abe R

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial ADP transport may represent a convergence point unifying two prominent working models for the development of insulin resistance, as reactive lipids (specifically palmitoyl-CoA [P-CoA]) can inhibit ADP transport and subsequently increase mitochondrial reactive oxygen species emissions. In the current stud...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ludzki A,Paglialunga S,Smith BK,Herbst EA,Allison MK,Heigenhauser GJ,Neufer PD,Holloway GP

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Chronic pancreatitis, characterized by pancreatic exocrine tissue destruction with initial maintenance of islets, eventually leads to insulin-dependent diabetes in most patients. Mice deficient for the transcription factors E2F1 and E2F2 suffer from a chronic pancreatitis-like syndrome and become diabetic. Su...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Tessem JS,Jensen JN,Pelli H,Dai XM,Zong XH,Stanley ER,Jensen J,DeGregori J

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This is the third in a series of Perspectives on intracellular signaling pathways coupled to proliferation in pancreatic β-cells. We contrast the large knowledge base in rodent β-cells with the more limited human database. With the increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes and the recognition that type 2 diabetes is als...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Stewart AF,Hussain MA,García-Ocaña A,Vasavada RC,Bhushan A,Bernal-Mizrachi E,Kulkarni RN

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past several years have seen an explosive increase in our understanding of the transcriptional basis of adipose cell differentiation. In particular, a key role has been illustrated for PPAR-gamma, a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. PPAR-gamma has also been recently identified as the major functi...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Spiegelman BM

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ATP-sensitive potassium channel, K(ATP) channel, a functional complex of the sulfonylurea receptor 1, SUR1, and an inward rectifier potassium channel subunit, Kir6.2, regulates insulin secretion in the pancreas. Mutations in both the Kir6.2 and SUR1 genes are associated with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemi...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Shyng SL,Ferrigni T,Shepard JB,Nestorowicz A,Glaser B,Permutt MA,Nichols CG

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The IGF system has been associated with development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. We examined whether a simple measurement of the IGF system (serum total IGF-I) correlated with progression of diabetic retinopathy in pregnancy in type 1 diabetes. A prospective observational study was performed in 103 pregnan...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Lauszus FF,Klebe JG,Bek T,Flyvbjerg A

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large glucagon immunoreactive substances, extracted from the fetal bovine pancreas and separated by gel filtration in the presence of 6 M guanidinium-hydrochloride, were submitted to lectin-sepharose affinity column chromatograph. Gel-filtered peak I (approximately 45 K delta) and peak II (approximately 10 K delta) in...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Tung AK,Cockburn E,Siu KP

更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Progranulin is an important molecule in inflammatory response. Chronic inflammation is frequently associated with central obesity and associated disturbances; however, the role of circulating progranulin in human obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia is unknown. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:For the measu...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Youn BS,Bang SI,Klöting N,Park JW,Lee N,Oh JE,Pi KB,Lee TH,Ruschke K,Fasshauer M,Stumvoll M,Blüher M

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pioglitazone is widely used for the treatment of diabetic patients with insulin resistance. The mechanism of pioglitazone to improve insulin sensitivity is not fully understood. Recent studies have shown that the induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) is related to the development of insulin resistanc...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Kanatani Y,Usui I,Ishizuka K,Bukhari A,Fujisaka S,Urakaze M,Haruta T,Kishimoto T,Naka T,Kobayashi M

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Klotho is an antiaging hormone present in the kidney that extends the lifespan, regulates kidney function, and modulates cellular responses to oxidative stress. We investigated whether Klotho levels and signaling modulate inflammation in diabetic kidneys. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Renal Klotho expression w...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Zhao Y,Banerjee S,Dey N,LeJeune WS,Sarkar PS,Brobey R,Rosenblatt KP,Tilton RG,Choudhary S

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On the basis of the positive outcome of animal experiments, several large placebo-controlled trials are underway and aiming for the first time at the prevention of an immune-mediated disease, type 1 diabetes. The first of these trials, The Deutsche Nicotinamide Intervention Study (DENIS), evaluated the clinical effica...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Lampeter EF,Klinghammer A,Scherbaum WA,Heinze E,Haastert B,Giani G,Kolb H

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have indicated that individuals with type 2 diabetes have an increased resting metabolic rate (RMR) but decreased insulin-induced thermogenesis (IIT) compared with those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). When and by which mechanisms these abnormalities occur during the development of diabetes remai...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Weyer C,Bogardus C,Pratley RE

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00