Abstract:
:Blood culture bottles with antimicrobial removal systems are recommended for patients who develop fever while on antibiotics. This study compared the ability of Becton Dickinson (Sparks, MD) BACTEC PLUS bottles and bioMerieux (Durham, NC) BacT/Alert FA bottles to effectively remove vancomycin, cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ampicillin, oxacillin, gentamicin, and a combination of gentamicin/penicillin, thus allowing bacterial pathogens to grow. Each bottle was spiked with 10 ml of human blood, antibiotic, and strains of organisms susceptible to the antibiotic evaluated. The organisms used were type strains and clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin susceptible and resistant), Streptococcus pneumoniae, a viridans streptococcus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Testing was completed in triplicate, using 10 to 100 CFU/ml of organisms with various concentrations of each antibiotic. Two rounds of testing were completed per antibiotic/organism combination. Bottles were mixed and loaded onto their respective instruments as per the manufacturer's instructions. Antimicrobial removal was evaluated on the basis of time to detection of organism growth, for up to 5 days of incubation. Overall, the BacT/Alert FA system recovered 25.1% of strains from test bottles and 96.9% of strains from growth control bottles (no antibiotic added), and the BACTEC PLUS system recovered 95.1% of strains from test bottles and 100% of strains from growth control bottles. Both systems performed well in the detection of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the presence of gentamicin. In the presence of ceftriaxone, neither system was able to recover Streptococcus pneumoniae. The ability to remove vancomycin and cefoxitin was also determined by measuring antibiotic levels remaining in bottles after 1 h of incubation. The results demonstrated remaining levels of 72 to 90% of vancomycin and 71 to 72% of cefoxitin in the BacT/Alert system. For the BACTEC system, remaining levels were 0 to 30% of vancomycin and 0% of cefoxitin. Under these simulated conditions, the BACTEC PLUS system was superior to the BacT/Alert FA system in recovering gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens in the presence of beta-lactam antibiotics, gentamicin/penicillin, and vancomycin.
journal_name
J Clin Microbioljournal_title
Journal of clinical microbiologyauthors
Flayhart D,Borek AP,Wakefield T,Dick J,Carroll KCdoi
10.1128/JCM.02064-06subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-03-01 00:00:00pages
816-21issue
3eissn
0095-1137issn
1098-660Xpii
JCM.02064-06journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The kinetics of delta antigen (HDAg) and anti-delta antibody (anti-HD) was analyzed in 22 acute delta hepatitis infections (11 coinfections and 11 superinfections), with an enzyme immunoassay developed by Organon Teknika and with two commercially available assays: Deltassay, a test for HDAg from Noctech and Abbott ant...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.26.7.1339-1342.1988
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Totals of 102 and 56 Clostridium difficile type 078 strains of human and porcine origins, respectively, from four European countries were investigated by an optimized multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) and for tetracycline susceptibility. Eighty-five percent of all isolates were genetically relat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.01171-10
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Samples of cerebrospinal fluid from 103 patients with aseptic meningitis were tested by PCR for detection of leptospires, and the results were compared with those of the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of immunoglobulin M (ELISA-IgM). Of these samples, 39.80%...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.36.5.1453-1455.1998
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heterogeneity and the increasing clinical importance of the Enterobacter cloacae complex have often been discussed. However, little is known about molecular factors causing pathogenicity within this nomenspecies. Here, we analyzed the genetic differences between an avirulent plant isolate and a pathogenic strain c...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.00885-12
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) variant with an isoelectric point (pI) of 8.6 produced by an ovine-associated Staphylococcus aureus strain was described previously. Analysis of additional strains associated with sheep, goats, cows, and humans by isoelectric focusing with immunoblotting using monoclonal antibodies ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.27.9.1946-1948.1989
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sensitivity of PCR for the amplification of target nucleic acid sequences in clinical diagnostics may often be reduced due to the presence of inhibitory factors. Hemolytic serum contains a number of PCR inhibitors, one of which is hemin. In this study we have found that conventional methods of DNA extraction were ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.35.7.1897-1899.1997
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The appearance and persistence of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies in postnatal rubella infections were studied by employing a solid-phase radioimmunoassay test. Altogether, 222 serial serum specimens from 51 patients with acute rubella infection were tested. Both IgG and IgM antibodies developed rapidly and ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The type strains of six Campylobacter species or subspecies were examined in eight tests used for the identification of such organisms. False-positive results were obtained in certain tests (growth on 1% bile, brilliant green, selenite, trimethylamine-N-oxide, 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, and minimal media) w...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.29.5.923-926.1991
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A microagglutination test for Francisella tularensis, with 0.025-ml amounts of diluted sera and 0.025-ml amounts of safranin-O-stained antigen in U-bottom microtitration plates, was compared with a tube agglutination test by using 137 sera. There was 86.3% agreement (+/- 1 dilution variation) between the microagglutin...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.11.2.146-148.1980
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to complete the immunodiagnosis of human toxocaral disease, an immunoenzymatic assay with excretory-secretory antigens from Toxocara canis larvae was developed for the detection of specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]). The specificity of the assay was evaluated in patient...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.30.9.2269-2274.1992
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 30-micrograms cefprozil disk and the cephalosporin class (30-micrograms cephalothin) disk were compared for their abilities to predict cefprozil susceptibility by agar disk diffusion testing. High error (5.02% major and 14.11% minor) rates were encountered with the cephalothin disk and were most frequently observe...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.29.11.2643-2647.1991
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the dried MicroScan microdilution panel, Synergy Quad plate agar dilution, and high-potency disk diffusion screening methods for the detection of high-level aminoglycoside resistance in 815 enterococcal bloodstream isolates. Agreement between the three methods was 99% when testing for high-level gentamicin...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jcm.41.6.2703-2705.2003
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A methodologic study was performed to compare the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blot hybridization, two commonly used testing strategies for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Three laboratories tested masked aliquots of exfoliated cervical cell specimens obtained from 120 women by c...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.29.3.573-577.1991
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::High incidence rates of isoniazid-, rifampin-, and multiple-drug-resistant tuberculosis have been reported in countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU). Genotypic (unlike phenotypic) drug resistance assays do not require viable cultures but require accurate knowledge of both the target gene and the mutations associat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.42.10.4498-4502.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family, which includes human Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Woodchuck hepatitis virus. It is widely distributed in wild and domestic ducks due to congenital transmission. HBV is a worldwide health problem, with carriers at risk of developing cirrhosis and liver ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jcm.40.7.2584-2590.2002
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A monoclonal antibody specific for group D Salmonella antigen 9 was used in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting the antigen in urine specimens collected from patients with clinical typhoid fever in Jakarta, Indonesia. The ELISA had a sensitivity of 95% in identifying patients in whom Sa...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.30.9.2513-2515.1992
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a cohort of subjects from Italy, anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HCV RNA [HCV(+) subgroup] prevalences were 24.6 and 79.6%, respectively. HCV types 1b and 2a/c accounted for 95% of infections. Adjusted alanine aminotransferase levels were higher in males than in females and in RNA-positive subjects than in RNA-neg...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.37.7.2371-2372.1999
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are recommended for the diagnosis of N. gonorrhoeae infections because of their superior sensitivity. Increasing NAAT use causes a decline in crucial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance data, which rely on culture. We analyzed the suitability of the ESwab system for NAA...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.00369-15
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The attenuated bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine strain is derived from a virulent strain of Mycobacterium bovis. BCG is difficult to differentiate from other strains of M. bovis and other members of the M. tuberculosis complex by conventional methods. Recently, a genomic region designated RD1 was found to be pre...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.35.3.566-569.1997
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An echovirus 3 (Echo3) strain (strain LR31G7) was isolated from a sewage treatment plant in Greece in 2005. Full-genome molecular, phylogenetic, and SimPlot analyses were conducted in order to reveal the evolutionary pathways of the isolate. Nucleotide and phylogenetic analyses of part of the VP1 genomic region reveal...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.00475-09
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium var. Copenhagen isolates from a heifer-raising operation and from 11 dairy herds that had their calves contracted to the heifer-raising operation were examined for their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Results of the study showed that the heifer-raising...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.43.8.4208-4211.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dried blood spot (DBS) specimens were assessed as an alternative to plasma for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) serotyping by V3 loop peptide enzyme immunoassay. Nested PCR capable of distinguishing HIV-1 subtypes B and E was used as the reference standard. Ninety-two percent of DBS samples were typeable as...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.37.3.804-806.1999
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Latex particle agglutination (LPA) testing for antigen to group B streptococcus (GBS) has been useful in the diagnosis of GBS sepsis in newborns. However, recent reports have demonstrated that the sensitivity of LPA assays may be as low as 27 to 54%. The purposes of the present study were to directly compare the abili...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.33.1.193-198.1995
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteroides fragilis is an obligatory anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium found among the normal intestinal flora of humans. Enterotoxigenic strains of B. fragilis (ETBF) have been associated with diarrheal diseases in humans and animals. The enterotoxin of ETBF induces fluid changes in ligated intestinal segments and ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.36.12.3545-3548.1998
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 115-kDa exoantigen produced by Cryptococcus neoformans recognized by the previously described murine monoclonal antibody 7C9 has been purified from culture filtrate by a combination of membrane ultrafiltration, isoelectric focusing, and preparative gel electrophoresis. It is produced in late-log-phase cultures and i...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.31.2.335-339.1993
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eight strains of a new intermediate adenovirus were isolated in the course of an investigation of conjunctivitis in Hiroshima City, Japan. The strain was first isolated in July 1986. All eight strains were isolated from conjunctival swab samples from patients with conjunctivitis, mainly epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.29.7.1286-1289.1991
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Opinions differ on the value of microbiological testing of endoscopes, which varies according to the technique used. We compared the efficacy on bacterial biofilms of sampling solutions used for the surveillance of the contamination of endoscope channels. To compare efficacy, we used an experimental model of a 48-h Ps...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.06221-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::During 2012, we identified sampled dogs with elevated levels of antibodies (≥1:40) against A(H1N1)pdm09 virus by using a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay (seroprevalence, 24.7%) and a microneutralization (MN) assay (seroprevalence, 10.8%). These high seroprevalences of A(H1N1)pdm09 among dogs without clinical si...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.03522-13
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cowdria ruminantium causes severe, often fatal disease in domestic ruminants, whereas wildlife species usually are not affected. Blood and bone marrow samples from healthy, free-ranging Zimbabwean ungulates were taken during translocation from areas harboring Amblyomma ticks and tested for the presence of C. ruminanti...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.33.9.2501-2504.1995
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An investigation was made on the effect of acetone fixation on infectivity and immunofluorescent antigenicity of respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus type 5, lipid- and nonlipid-containing viruses, respectively. Viruses were allowed to replicate in HEp-2 cells, and the cells were then fixed in acetone at 5 C for...
journal_title:Journal of clinical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JCM.1.2.157-160.1975
更新日期:1975-02-01 00:00:00