Abstract:
:In the Aplysia mechanoafferent B21, afferent transmission is in part regulated via the control of active spike propagation. When B21 is peripherally activated at its resting membrane potential, spikes fail to propagate to an output process, and afferent transmission does not occur. In this report, we show that the propagation failure is in part a result of the fact that the somatic region of B21 is relatively inexcitable. We isolate this region and demonstrate that net currents evoked by depolarizing pulses are outward. Furthermore, we show that all-or-none spikes are not triggered when current is injected. Previous reports have, however shown that spiking is triggered when current is somatically injected and cells are intact. We demonstrate that spikes evoked under these circumstances do not originate in the soma. Instead they originate in an adjacent part of the neuron that is excitable (the medial process). In summary, we show that the mechanoafferent B21 consists of excitable input and output processes separated by a relatively inexcitable somatic region. A potential advantage of this arrangement is that somatic depolarization can be used to modify spike propagation from the input to the output processes without altering the encoding of peripherally generated activity.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Evans CG,Ludwar BCh,Cropper ECdoi
10.1152/jn.01341.2006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-04-01 00:00:00pages
3126-30issue
4eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598pii
01341.2006journal_volume
97pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We examined the activation kinetics of the delayed rectifier K+ current of bullfrog sympathetic neurons, primarily using whole cell recording. On depolarization, currents activated with a sigmoid delay but did not show a Cole-Moore shift. The time course of activation differed systematically from an exponential raised...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.79.5.2345
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypocretin/orexins (Hcrt/Orxs) are hypothalamic neuropeptides that regulate stress, addiction, feeding, and arousal behaviors. They depolarize many types of central neurons and can increase [Ca2+]i in some, including those of the dorsal raphe (DR) and laterodorsal tegmental (LDT) nuclei-two structures likely to co...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01388.2007
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent physiological recording studies in monkeys have suggested that the frontal eye fields (FEFs) are involved in visual scene analysis even when eye movement commands are not required. We examined this proposed function of the human frontal eye fields during performance of visual search tasks in which difficulty wa...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01086.2002
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane retrieval following exocytosis in synaptic terminals is fast and compensatory, however, little is known about the factors that regulate or contribute to this special form of endocytosis. We used whole-terminal capacitance measurements to examine the effect of hydrostatic pressure on compensatory endocytosis i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00267.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Serotonergic modulation of a hyperpolarization-activated inward current, Ih, and a calcium-dependent outward current, Io(Ca), was examined in the dorsal gastric (DG) motor neuron, with the use of intracellular recording techniques in an isolated preparation of the crab stomatogastric ganglion (STG). 2. Hyperpolariz...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1992.68.2.496
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We have identified putative histaminergic neurons in the central nervous system of Aplysia californica by light-microscopic autoradiography after uptake of [3H]histamine and by immunohistochemistry with the use of an antibody specific for histamine. 2. In the cerebral ganglion cells previously shown to contain hist...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.64.3.736
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to determine whether retinal activity can support long-term changes in synaptic strength in the developing dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of thalamus. To test for this we made use of a rodent in vitro explant preparation in which retinal afferents and the intrinsic circuit...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90618.2008
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The connectivity of large neurons of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis (NRGc) in the medullary reticular formation potentially allows both for the integration of stimuli, in several modalities, that would demand immediate action, and for coordinated activation of cortical and motoric activity. We have simultan...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01122.2009
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multichannel techniques were used to assess the frequency specificity of activation in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (CIC) produced by electrical stimulation of localized regions within the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN). Data were recorded in response to pure tones from 141 and 193 multiunit clusters...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00629.2007
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A task was used by Posner (1980) to measure shifts of attention that occurred covertly, in the absence of an eye movement or other orienting response. This paradigm was used here to assess the nature of covert attentional orienting in monkeys to develop an animal model for neurophysiological studies. Shifts of atte...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.1.431
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most of what we know about the neural control of gaze comes from experiments in head-fixed animals, but several "head-free" studies have suggested that fixing the head dramatically alters the apparent gaze command. We directly investigated this issue by quantitatively comparing head-fixed and head-free gaze trajectori...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00330.2003
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The torque and electromyographic (EMG) responses to stretch of the first dorsal interosseous muscle (externally imposed joint rotation) were recorded in five normal human subjects. The total measured stiffness was decomposed into three individual stiffness components; passive, intrinsic, and reflex. 2. The passive ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.64.1.105
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural visual scenes are cluttered. In such scenes, many objects in the periphery can be crowded, blocked from identification, simply because of the dense array of clutter. Outside of the fovea, crowding constitutes the fundamental limitation on object recognition and is thought to arise from the limited resolution o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1152/jn.00904.2010
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Without intervention after spinal cord injury (SCI), paralyzed skeletal muscles undergo myofiber atrophy and slow-to-fast myofiber type transformations. We hypothesized that chronic spasticity-associated neuromuscular activity after SCI would promote recovery from such deleterious changes. We examined segmental tail m...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00622.2006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The same set of stimuli and analytic methods that was used to study the dynamics of horizontal cells () was applied to a study of the response dynamics and signal processing in amacrine cells in the retina of the kissing gourami, Helostoma rudolfi. The retina contains two major classes of amacrine cells that could be ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.4.2018
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in primary visual cortex are selective to the orientation and spatial frequency of sinusoidal gratings. In the classic model of cortical organization, a population of neurons responding to the same region of the visual field but tuned to all possible feature combinations provides a detailed representation of t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00150.2018
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate and the total amount of Ca2+ elevation in the presynaptic terminals of bullfrog sympathetic ganglia depend on the firing frequency of the terminals. Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), a mitochondrial uncoupler, was used for testing whether mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is one of the mechanisms that ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.1.186
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The exercise pressor reflex (EPR) is generated by group III and IV muscle afferents during exercise to increase cardiovascular function. Muscle contraction is triggered by ACh, which is metabolized into choline that could serve as a signal of exercise-induced activity. We demonstrate that ACh can induce current in mus...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00035.2014
更新日期:2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::1. Intracellular recording techniques were used to study individual neurons in the cat parasympathetic vesical pelvic ganglion (VPG). 2. Active and passive electrical properties were determined from 140 ganglion cells (35 preparations). 3. Three types of ganglion cells were distinguished. Type I (A and B) cells were n...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1980.43.2.343
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tinnitus and hyperacusis are common, burdensome sources of morbidity with a high rate of co-occurrence. Knudson et al. (J Neurophysiol 112: 3197-3208, 2014) demonstrated that efferent suppression of cochlear activity by the medial olivocochlear system is enhanced in individuals with tinnitus and/or hyperacusis. Their ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00948.2014
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of HCO(3)(-)/CO(2) on membrane properties of isolated hippocampal CA1 neurons was studied with the use of the whole cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. Neurons were acutely dissociated from 21- to 30-day-old mice. In the current-clamp mode, HCO(3)(-)/CO(2) significantly hyperpolarized CA1 neuro...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.5.2477
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poststroke pain syndrome (PSPS) is an often intractable disorder characterized by hemiparesis associated with unrelenting chronic pain. Although traditional analgesics have largely failed, integrative approaches targeting affective-cognitive spheres have started to show promise. Recently, we demonstrated that deep bra...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1152/jn.00830.2017
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The role of sensory information in shaping muscle activation patterns to postural perturbations in humans was investigated by varying velocity, amplitude, or duration of the perturbing stimulus. Ten normal subjects were exposed to 120 backward translations of the support surface under conditions of varying velociti...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1988.59.6.1888
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In the intact pond snail Planorbis corneus, a rapid tilt in any plane evoked a defense reaction consisting of a fast movement of the shell towards the head, shortening of the foot, inhibition of locomotion and of rhythmical feeding movements. This reaction was similar to the first phase of the general defense react...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.71.3.898
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-frequency oscillatory activity (>200 Hz) termed "fast oscillations" (FO) have been recorded in the rodent somatosensory cortex and may reflect very rapid integration of vibrissal information in sensory cortex. Yet, while electrophysiological correlates suggest that FO is generated within intracortical networks, c...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01098.2002
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Intracellular recordings were made from neurons of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) in in vitro slice preparations to determine long-term differences in metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonist-induced membrane responses in control and amygdala-kindled rats. 2. (2S,3S,4S)-alpha-(carboxycyclopropyl)glycine-1 (L...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.4.2808
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-four slowly adapting type 1 (SA1) and 26 rapidly adapting (RA) cutaneous mechanoreceptive afferents in the rhesus monkey were studied with an array of independently controlled, punctate probes that covered an entire fingerpad. Each afferent had a receptive field (RF) on a single fingerpad and was studied at 73 ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.6.2701
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of muscarinic receptors and GABA(B) receptors causes presynaptic inhibition of glutamatergic synaptic potentials at excitatory feedback connections in cortical structures. These effects may regulate dynamics in cortical structures, with presynaptic inhibition allowing extrinsic afferent input to dominate du...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.4.1792
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In this study we have tested the hypothesis that the mechanisms controlling stabilization of the head-neck motor system can vary with both the frequency and spatial orientation of an externally applied perturbation. Angular velocity of the head with respect to the trunk (neck) and myoelectric activity of two neck m...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.73.6.2302
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::During anticipated postural perturbations induced by limb movement, the central nervous system generates anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) in the trunk and hip musculature to minimize disturbances to equilibrium. Age-related changes in functional organization of the nervous system may contribute to changes in A...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00428.2018
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00