Abstract:
:This article discusses the current and potential use of paradoxical interventions in behavioral medicine. Paradoxical interventions are considered to be of two types: intra-individual and interpersonal. Treatment indications differ for the two types of interventions. Intraindividual paradoxical interventions have been successful in the treatment of insomnia, psychogenic urinary retention and constipation. Interpersonal paradoxical interventions have been subjected to less empirical research, but have been useful in the treatment of anorexia nervosa and in family based interventions where medical patients maladaptively cope with their rehabilitation. Paradoxical procedures are also used in the treatment of sexual dysfunction and may be of value in pain management. Further possible applications as well as limitations of paradoxical interventions in behavioral medicine are discussed.
journal_name
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatryjournal_title
Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatryauthors
Jacob RG,Moore DJdoi
10.1016/0005-7916(84)90027-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-09-01 00:00:00pages
205-13issue
3eissn
0005-7916issn
1873-7943pii
0005-7916(84)90027-2journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Perception of trustworthiness in other people is essential for successful social interaction. Facial expressions-as conveyers of feelings and intentions-are an important source of this information. We investigated how social anxiety is related to biases in the judgment of faces towards un/trus...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.04.003
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Overgeneral memory (OGM), difficulty in retrieving specific autobiographical memories, is a robust phenomenon related to the onset and course of depressive and posttraumatic stress disorders. Inhibitory mechanisms are theorized to underlie OGM; however, empirical support for this link is equiv...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2018.06.003
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single inhalations of a 50% carbon dioxide/50% oxygen gas mixture were administered to 16 subjects with spontaneous panic attacks and to 16 social phobics who did not experience such attacks. Half of each diagnostic category was randomly allocated to either a no explanation condition in which minimal instructions on e...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0005-7916(86)90059-5
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Secondary extinction refers to the phenomenon that extinction of one conditioned stimulus (CS) results in the reduction of conditioned responses for other CSs conditioned with the same unconditioned stimulus (US). Previous research with rats has demonstrated that secondary extinction can inter...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2018.09.007
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The underlying mechanisms of symptom change in schema therapy (ST) for chronic major depressive disorder (cMDD) have not been studied. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of two potentially important mechanisms of symptom change, maladaptive schemas (proxied by negative idiosyncrat...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.10.002
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emotional expression is an essential function for daily life that can be severely affected in some psychological disorders. Laboratory-based procedures designed to measure prosodic expression from natural speech have shown early promise for measuring individual differences in emotional expression but have yet to produ...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.11.008
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repetitive, intrusive cognitive phenomena are central both to obsessive-compulsive patients - typically as obsessive thoughts - and to depressed patients - typically as ruminative thoughts. The objective of the present study is to compare obsessive and ruminative thoughts in non-depressed obsessive-compulsive and depr...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.03.002
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The emotion of disgust has been suggested as a factor contributing to a poor response to Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in the treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). However, only limited information is available about the phenomenology of disgust in clinical OCD and the physiolo...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.01.001
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper discusses problems with field-based replications of behavioral interventions. Major issues identified include operational specificity, mislabelling of procedures, relative contributions of components in multi-faceted treatment packages, and impediments to systematic replication. The paper concludes with a c...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7916(85)90024-2
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The psychometric properties of the test entitled Knowledge of Behavioral Principles as Applied to Children and two shortened forms of this test were investigated in two samples of British subjects. The first consisted of 162 psychiatric nurses, psychiatrists, occupational therapists, physiotherapists and clinical psyc...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7916(87)90004-8
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two approaches, (a) patient education and (b) compliance-contingent social reinforcement, were employed to improve compliance with fluid restrictions in a chronically noncompliant hemodialysis patient of borderline intellectual functioning. Results indicated that only social reinforcement led to improved compliance (i...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7916(93)90012-l
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The present study examines the extent to which intrusive thoughts and associated distress explains the association between anxiety sensitivity (AS) and post-traumatic stress (PTS) using the "trauma film paradigm". METHODS:Participants high and low in AS viewed a 10-min film of graphic scenes ...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2018.07.001
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of clinical trainees to learn to distinguish between classically conditioned and cognitively based neurotic fears was examined in two small-scale studies. The first study showed that they readily learned to make the distinction on the basis of transcripts of key excerpts of actual patient sessions, and tha...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7916(85)90002-3
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:These days, a growing number of social interactions occur through video-mediated communication (VMC). However, little is known about how socially anxious individuals use this technology. Here, we examined the visual attention patterns of high and low socially anxious individuals during a live ...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2020.101595
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Swallow induction has been used to shape swallowing behavior in dysphagic children and to accelerate swallowing in nondysphagic children with profound mental retardation who display primitive swallows. Swallow induction may be considered a type of prompt. This project coupled swallow induction with a modified delayed ...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7916(94)00067-v
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the role of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in juvenile delinquency. Forty-two incarcerated male delinquents participated. Thirty of these youths met the criterion for conduct disorder (CD), only while 12 met the criterion for CD and ADHD. The results indicated that the latter group were ar...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7916(91)90042-4
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study evaluated the treatment and generalization effects of implementing a peer social initiation intervention with four severely withdrawn maltreated preschool children. Positive social response and initiation data were collected across the treatment (a playroom) and the natural classroom setting. A rever...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7916(87)90050-4
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Social anxiety is associated with biased processing of threatening faces. Earlier research indicated that socially anxious individuals are biased towards processing low spatial frequency (LSF) information when judging facial expressions. However, it remains unclear whether this bias reflects b...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.06.008
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:It is well known that socially anxious individuals show biased processing towards threatening faces and better performance with low spatial frequencies information (LSF). It is unclear whether this bias is confined to facial processing or can be extended to other types of information. METHODS...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2019.03.002
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS) and the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ) have been suggested as relatively stable vulnerability markers for depression and entrenched psychological disorders, respectively. One-hundred-and-forty-nine clinically depressed (CDs), previously depressed (PDs) and never-depressed subje...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.04.002
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:This treatment study investigated the extent to which asymmetric dimensions of affective responding, specifically the positivity offset and the negativity bias, at pretreatment altered the rate of response to Behavioral Activation treatment for depression. METHOD:Forty-one depressed participa...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.09.011
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous psychotherapy research has examined the therapeutic alliance and therapist adherence as correlates or predictors of symptom change. While some initial evidence suggests the alliance is associated with risk of dropout in cognitive behavioral treatment for depression, evidence of such relations has be...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.06.005
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Persons with delusions tend to display a jumping-to-conclusions (JTC) bias which is considered relevant to delusion formation. However, its contribution in real life social scenarios is unknown. This study investigates whether JTC increases when decisions have to be made in delusion-relevant s...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.09.005
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel form of moderation-oriented cue exposure treatment for alcohol dependence is illustrated in a single case study. Formal clinic-based cue exposure following a priming dose of the client's preferred beverage is succeeded by supervised and then unsupervised in vivo practice at resisting continued drinking in temp...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7916(93)90048-2
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite several decades of empirical research that has supported the utility of cognitive research and therapy, behaviorists continue to battle with cognitivists on epistemological grounds. Therefore, I seek to resolve this battle by reviewing epistemological lessons learned from two other disciplines, Physics and Pra...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0005-7916(95)00036-y
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Recent data indicate that extinguished fear often returns when the testing conditions differ from those of treatment. Several manipulations including extensive extinction training, extinction in multiple contexts, and spacing the extinction trials and sessions reduce the return of fear. Moreov...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.02.005
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Trauma victims, such as war veterans, often remember additional traumatic events over time: the "memory amplification effect". This effect is associated with the re-experiencing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including frequent and intrusive images of the trauma. One explan...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2018.04.003
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persecutory delusions are proposed to be a defence against low self-esteem reaching conscious awareness (Bentall, Corcoran, Howard, Blackwood, & Kinderman, 2001). Key predictions of this proposal are that individuals with persecutory delusions will have lower implicit self-esteem and equivalent levels of explicit self...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.05.003
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Researchers have conceived of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a disorder of memory, and proposed that blocking the impact of stress-related noradrenaline release in the aftermath of trauma may be a way of preventing the 'over-consolidation' of trauma-related memories. Experimental res...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2019.101480
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Intrusive memories of traumatic events constitute a core feature of post-traumatic stress disorder. However, the association of pre-traumatic factors with post-traumatic intrusive memories is still only poorly understood. The current study investigated the extent to which vividness of general ...
journal_title:Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.11.004
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00