The visual input stage of the mammalian circadian pacemaking system: I. Is there a clock in the mammalian eye?

abstract：:Most of the anatomical and molecular substrates of the system that encodes changes in photoperiod in the duration of melatonin secretion, and the receptor molecules that read this signal, have been shown to be conserved in monkeys and humans, and the functions of this system appear to be intact from the level of the r...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Wehr TA

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about the differences in the neural substrates of circadian rhythms that are responsible for the maintenance of differences between diurnal and nocturnal patterns of activity in mammals. In both groups of animals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) functions as the principal circadian pacemaker, and sur...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Nunez AA,Bult A,McElhinny TL,Smale L

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors sought to investigate the role of phytochromes A and B (phyA and phyB) and cryptochromes 1 and 2 (cryl and cry2) in the synchronization of the leaf position rhythm in Arabidopsis thaliana. The seedlings were transferred from white light-dark cycles to free-running conditions with or without exposure to a l...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Yanovsky MJ,Mazzella MA,Whitelam GC,Casal JJ

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An outstanding unresolved issue in chronobiology is how the level of locomotor activity influences length of the free-running, endogenous circadian period (tau). To address this issue, the authors studied a novel model, 4 replicate lines of laboratory house mice (Mus domesticus) that had been selectively bred for high...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Koteja P,Swallow JG,Carter PA,Garland T Jr

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular spike activity from three different types of visual interneurons found in the optic lobe of the giant cockroach Blaberus giganteus was recorded. The spike rate of all three types of neurons fluctuated in a circadian manner in constant darkness (DD). Two types, so-called "on" neurons (ON1 and ON2), respon...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Bult R,Mastebroek HA

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Almost exclusively, photoperiodic insects respond to a given photoperiod in one of two ways: a "long-day" response or a "short-day" response. Intermediate responses occur only at a very restricted range of photoperiods (often less than 30 min) and are generally population phenomena rather than intermediate responses o...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Wassmer GT,Page TL

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vertebrates, reproductive output often increases with age. Unlike older birds, first-year photoperiodic birds lack experience with the reproductively stimulatory effects of long day lengths (photostimulation). We examined whether age-related differences in annual reproductive development could be partially attribut...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Salvante KG,Dawson A,Aldredge RA,Sharp PJ,Sockman KW

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The circadian clock controls 24-h biological rhythms in our body, influencing many time-related activities such as sleep and wake. The simplest circadian clock is found in cyanobacteria, with the proteins KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC generating a self-sustained circadian oscillation of KaiC phosphorylation and dephosphorylati...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Jeong YM,Dias C,Diekman C,Brochon H,Kim P,Kaur M,Kim YS,Jang HI,Kim YI

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most visual system functions, such as opsin gene expression, retinal neural transmission, light perception, and visual sensitivity, display robust day-night rhythms. The rhythms persist in constant lighting conditions, suggesting the involvement of endogenous circadian clocks. While the circadian pacemakers that contr...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Li L

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over 90% of neurons within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) express γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Although GABA is primarily an inhibitory neurotransmitter, in vitro studies suggest that the activation of GABAA receptors (GABAAR) elicits excitation in the adult SCN. The ratio of excitatory to inhibitory responses to GA...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： McNeill JK 4th,Walton JC,Albers HE

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While the rapid development of personal computers and high-throughput recording systems for circadian rhythms allow chronobiologists to produce huge amounts of data, the software to analyze them often lags behind. Here, we announce newly developed chronobiology software that is easy to use, compatible with many differ...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Schmid B,Helfrich-Förster C,Yoshii T

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian endogenous circadian clock, the suprachiasmatic nuclei, receives environmental inputs, namely the light-dark cycle, through photopigments located in the eye and from melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells. The authors investigated the influence of light wavelength and intensity on the synchronizati...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Perret M,Gomez D,Barbosa A,Aujard F,Théry M

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although pineal "synaptic" ribbons (SR) are frequently examined by means of quantitative electron microscopy, their functional significance remains unclear. The same is true for related structures--"synaptic" spherules (SPH). In the course of such studies, it has been noted that SR counts may differ from laboratory to...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Karasek M,Lewinski A,Vollrath L

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circadian clocks drive daily rhythms of physiology and behavior in multiple organisms and synchronize these rhythms to environmental cycles of light and temperature. The basic mechanism of the clock consists of a transcription-translation feedback loop, in which key clock proteins negatively regulate their own transcr...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Shakhmantsir I,Sehgal A

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the advent of techniques to investigate gene expression on a large scale, numerous circadian rhythms in mRNA amount have been reported. These rhythms generally differ in amplitude and phase. The authors investigated how far a parameter not regulated by the circadian clock can influence the phase of a rhythm in R...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Jacobshagen S,Kessler B,Rinehart CA

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Morningness and eveningness preference, an endogenous component of the circadian clock, is characterized by an interindividual difference in circadian phase and requires of humans a specific timing of behavior. The biological rhythms of morning and evening types are consequently phase shifted with fixed socioeconomic ...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Taillard J,Philip P,Chastang JF,Diefenbach K,Bioulac B

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity during pregnancy causes numerous maternal and fetal health complications, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity has previously been linked to disruption of the intrinsic adipose clock gene network that is crucial for normal metabolic function. This adipose clock al...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Crew RC,Mark PJ,Waddell BJ

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The temporal expression pattern of the circadian clock gene period was compared between heads of the linden bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus , kept under diapause-promoting short days (SD) and diapause-preventing long days (LD) using a real-time PCR quantification. Diapause or reproduction was programmed by photoperiod during...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Dolezel D,Sauman I,Kost'ál V,Hodkova M

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A single light episode during the first larval stage can set the phase of adult Drosophila activity rhythms, showing that a light-sensitive circadian clock is functional in larvae and is capable of keeping time throughout development. These behavioral data are supported by the finding that neurons expressing clock pro...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Malpel S,Klarsfeld A,Rouyer F

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Honey bee workers care for ("nurse") the brood around the clock without circadian rhythmicity, but then they forage outside with strong circadian rhythms and a consolidated nightly rest. This chronobiological plasticity is associated with variation in the expression of the canonical "clock genes" that regulate the cir...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Rodriguez-Zas SL,Southey BR,Shemesh Y,Rubin EB,Cohen M,Robinson GE,Bloch G

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activity patterns are the product of interactions between an internal circadian clock and direct responses to photic and nonphotic features of the environment that are said to "mask" the influence of that clock. Evolutionary transitions between nocturnality and diurnality involve changes in mechanisms underlying both ...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Cohen R,Smale L,Kronfeld-Schor N

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Temperature compensation and period determination by casein kinase 1 (CK1) are conserved features of eukaryotic circadian rhythms, whereas the clock gene transcription factors that facilitate daily gene expression rhythms differ between phylogenetic kingdoms. Human red blood cells (RBCs) exhibit temperature-compensate...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Beale AD,Kruchek E,Kitcatt SJ,Henslee EA,Parry JSW,Braun G,Jabr R,von Schantz M,O'Neill JS,Labeed FH

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the central pacemaker organizing circadian rhythms of behavior and physiology. At the cellular level, the mammalian clock consists of autoregulatory feedback loops involving a set of "clock genes," including the Cryptochrome (Cry) genes, Cry1 and Cry2. Experimental evid...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Evans JA,Pan H,Liu AC,Welsh DK

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Access to electric light might have shifted the ancestral timing and duration of human sleep. To test this hypothesis, we studied two communities of the historically hunter-gatherer indigenous Toba/Qom in the Argentinean Chaco. These communities share the same ethnic and sociocultural background, but one has free acce...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： de la Iglesia HO,Fernández-Duque E,Golombek DA,Lanza N,Duffy JF,Czeisler CA,Valeggia CR

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats anticipate a fixed daily feeding time by entrainment of a component of their multioscillatory circadian system. The range of stimuli capable of entraining this component is little studied. Previous studies suggest that restricted water access is not an effective entrainment stimulus, as measured by general locomo...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Mistlberger RE

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The classical power spectrum, computed in the frequency domain, outranks traditionally used periodograms derived in the time domain (such as the chi2 periodogram) regarding the search for biological rhythms. Unfortunately, classical power spectral analysis is not possible with unequally spaced data (e.g., time series ...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Van Dongen HP,Olofsen E,VanHartevelt JH,Kruyt EW

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endogenous circadian rhythms are involved in various photoperiodic responses of birds. Investigations involving the mechanisms of photoperiodic time measurement in birds have been confined mainly to temperate zone species using males exclusively. Due to the paucity of experimental evidence on subtropical birds that ha...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Ravikumar G,Senthilkumaran B,Tewary PD,Goel AK

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammals, molecular circadian rhythms are generated by autoregulatory transcriptional-translational feedback loops with PERIOD/CRYPTOCHROME containing complexes inhibiting the transcription of their own genes. Although the major circadian oscillator components seem to be identified, an increasing number of additiona...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Reischl S,Kramer A

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An understanding of the retinal mechanisms in mammalian photoentrainment will greatly facilitate optimization of the wavelength, intensity, and duration of phototherapeutic treatments designed to phase shift endogenous biological rhythms. A small population of widely dispersed retinal ganglion cells projecting to the ...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Rollag MD,Berson DM,Provencio I

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hematologic system performs a number of essential functions, including oxygen transport, the execution of the immune response against tumor cells and invading pathogens, and hemostasis (blood clotting). These roles are performed by erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and thrombocytes (p...

journal_title：Journal of biological rhythms

authors： Pritchett D,Reddy AB

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00