Abstract:
:This study examines geographic and temporal variation in three mammalian taxa co-occurring in eastern and southern Africa. The selected taxa-the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), the plains zebra (Equus burchellii), and the impala (Aepyceros melampus)--are geographically widespread in modern times and are abundant in eastern and southern African Plio-Pleistocene fossil sites. Craniodental measurements of modern conspecifics from known geographic locations are compared using multivariate statistical methods to discern patterns of modern geographic variation within taxa. Modern and fossil samples are statistically compared to assess the nature and extent of inferred shifts in body size, both between modern samples and through time in each region. These results indicate that modern spotted hyenas and plains zebras exhibit mainly size variation between regions, with southern African samples possessing statistically larger craniodental metrics than eastern African samples. Comparison of fossil and modern samples reveals that the fossil assemblages do not show the same pattern of geographic variation. Significant temporal changes are more numerous between fossil and modern eastern African samples, and these changes are not mirrored by similar changes in the southern African samples. The changes experienced by taxa in eastern Africa appear to have been more extreme and wide-ranging than those in southern Africa, a presumed refugium. This result accords well with genetic studies of several large mammal species and paleoenvironmental studies suggesting that eastern African localized environments were more affected by tectonism and volcanism than were those in southern Africa. This study suggests that different evolutionary scenarios may have existed within Africa during the Plio-Pleistocene, but that both regions played unique and complementary roles in the evolution of African hominins and the broader faunal community.
journal_name
J Hum Evoljournal_title
Journal of human evolutionauthors
Reynolds SCdoi
10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.01.014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-11-01 00:00:00pages
528-48issue
5eissn
0047-2484issn
1095-8606pii
S0047-2484(07)00145-5journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Previous studies have differed in expectations about whether long limbs should increase or decrease the energetic cost of locomotion. It has recently been shown that relatively longer lower limbs (relative to body mass) reduce the energetic cost of human walking. Here we report on whether a relationship exists between...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.04.001
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relative abundances of skeletal elements at Plio-Pleistocene archaeological sites have long been interpreted to represent selective transport of portions of large prey. Models from optimal foraging theory suggest that the degree of carcass transport selectivity reflects transport constraints, particularly transport di...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.12.008
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to resolve long-standing issues surrounding the age of the Skhul early modern humans, new analyses have been conducted, including the dating of four well-provenanced fossils by ESR and U-series. If the Skhul burials took place within a relatively short time span, then the best age estimate lies between 100 an...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.04.006
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complete radii in the fossil record preceding recent humans and Neandertals are very scarce. Here we introduce the radial remains recovered from the Sima de los Huesos (SH) site in the Sierra de Atapuerca between 1976 and 2011 and which have been dated in excess of 430 ky (thousands of years) ago. The sample comprises...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.09.010
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This analysis investigates the ancestry of a single modern human specimen from Australia, WLH-50 (Thorne et al., in preparation; Webb, 1989). Evaluating its ancestry is important to our understanding of modern human origins in Australasia because the prevailing models of human origins make different predictions for th...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jhev.1999.0384
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The shape of the dental arcade and canine size distinguish extant humans from all apes. Humans are characterized by a parabolic arcade with short postcanine tooth rows and small canines, whereas apes have long, U-shaped arcades with large canines. The evolutionary and biomechanical mechanisms underlying arcade shape d...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.02.010
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Castel di Guido near Rome is one of the few open air Middle Pleistocene European sites that has yielded hominid skeletal remains associated with fossil fauna and Acheulean implements. The fossil hominid bones include two femoral shafts, respectively designated Castel di Guido-1 (CdG-1) and CdG-2, an occipital fragment...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jhev.2001.0492
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the closest living sister group of anthropoids, tarsiers (Family Tarsiidae) are an important group in primate evolution. However, their fossil record is poor: only four species have been described, two from the Eocene of China and two from the Miocene of Thailand. All are from outside the range of the living specie...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.06.015
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term male-female bonds and bi-parental investment in offspring are hallmarks of human society. A key question is how these traits evolved from the polygynandrously mating multimale multifemale society that likely characterized the Pan-Homo ancestor. In all three species of savanna baboons, lactating females form ...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.09.003
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although Neandertals are the best-known fossil hominins, the tempo and evolutionary processes in their lineage are strongly debated. This is in part due to the scarcity of the fossil record, in particular before the marine isotopic stage (MIS) 5. In 2010, a partial hominin mandible was discovered at the Middle Paleoli...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102775
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we present the descriptive and comparative study of two immature scapulae recovered from the TD6.2 level of the Gran Dolina cave site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain) and assigned to Homo antecessor. This is the first time that data on the morphology and dimensions of the scapulae of a European late Early Pleistocene...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.102689
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to the "nocturnal visual predation hypothesis" (NVPH), the convergent eyes and orbits of primates result from selection for improved stereoscopic depth perception to facilitate manual capture of prey at night. Within primates, haplorhines share additional derived orbital morphologies, including a postorbital...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.04.010
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vegetation and plant foods for hominins of lowermost Bed II, Olduvai Gorge were modeled by examining vegetation in modern habitats in northern Tanzania (Lake Manyara, Ngorongoro, Serengeti) that are analogous to the paleolandscape in terms of climate, land forms, and soil types, as indicated by previous paleoenvironme...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.03.002
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The whole collection of Suidae from Kanapoi is revised in the context of the systematics and evolution of Nyanzachoerus in the Pliocene of Eastern Africa. It contains only two species, Nyanzachoerus kanamensis and Notochoerus jaegeri. The size and morphology of their premolars overlap, but not those of their m3s. No t...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.05.004
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventional wisdom concerning the extinction of Paranthropus suggests that these species developed highly derived morphologies as a consequence of specializing on a diet consisting of hard and/or low-quality food items. It goes on to suggest that these species were so specialized or stenotopic that they were unable t...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2003.11.004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Middle Palaeolithic site of Payre in southeastern France yields abundant archaeological material associated with fossil hominid remains. With its long sequence of Middle Pleistocene deposits, Payre is a key site to study the Middle Palaeolithic chronology of this region. This study is the first to investigate carb...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.06.013
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bivariate femoral length allometry in recent humans, Pan, and Gorilla is investigated with special reference to the diminutive Liang Bua (LB) 1 specimen (the holotype of Homo floresiensis) and six early Pleistocene femora referred to the genus Homo. Relative to predicted body mass, Pan and Gorilla femora show strong n...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.04.007
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed that Neandertals had about 30% higher gross cost of transport than anatomically modern humans (AMH) and that such difference implies higher daily energy demands and reduced foraging ranges in Neandertals. Thus, reduced walking economy could be among the factors contributing to the Neandertals' los...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.09.011
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 90% of the human population is right-handed. The emergence of this hand preference in humans is thought to be linked to the ability to execute complex tasks and habitual bipedalism. In order to test these hypotheses, the present study explored, for the first time, hand preference in relation to both body...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.02.015
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dental development was reconstructed in several individuals representing four species of catarrhine primates--Symphalangus syndactylus, Hylobates lar, Semnopithecus entellus priam, and Papio hamadryas--using the techniques of dental histology. Bar charts assumed to represent species-typical dental development were con...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.04.007
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten years ago, evidence from genetics gave strong support to the "recent African origin" view of the evolution of modern humans, which posits that Homo sapiens arose as a new species in Africa and subsequently spread, leading to the extinction of other archaic human species. Subsequent data from the nuclear genome not...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.02.006
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::New Neandertal fossils from the Mousterian site of Cova Negra in the Valencia region of Spain are described, and a comprehensive study of the entire human fossil sample is provided. The new specimens significantly augment the sample of human remains from this site and make Cova Negra one of the richest human paleontol...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.07.011
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothesis that functional adaptation of joint surfaces to mechanical loading occurs primarily through change in mass, density, and structure of subarticular trabeculae (the "articular constraint" model) is investigated through an analysis of directional asymmetry among three separate bone compartments in the huma...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.12.001
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study presents the discovery of a right cercopithecine calcaneus from the site of 'Ubeidiya, Israel, dated to ca. 1.6 Ma. The fossil is described and statistically compared to bones of modern and fossil cercopithecids. The specimen can be attributed to a large-bodied cercopithecine and represents a new primate ta...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.08.004
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study is to describe the environments where the cercopithecid Mesopithecus was found during latest Miocene in Europe. For this purpose, we investigate the paleoecology of the herbivorous ungulate mesofauna of three very rich late Miocene fossil localities from southwestern Bulgaria: Hadjidimovo, Kalima...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.04.007
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The origin and diversification of modern humans have been characterized by major evolutionary transitions and demographic changes. Patterns of genetic variation within modern populations can help with reconstructing this ∼200 thousand year-long population history. However, by combining this information with genomic da...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.06.015
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have revealed interesting differences in upper first molar morphology across the hominin fossil record, particularly significant between H. sapiens and H. neanderthalensis. Usually these analyses have been performed by means of classic morphometric methods, including the measurement of relative cusp are...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.02.002
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Atapuerca Site (Burgos, N. Spain) is an extensive archaeological site which has yielded numerous human fossil remains. The Gran Dolina section, one of the open-air excavations and subject of this study, consists of a sedimentary infilling of 18 m thickness in a gallery originated by karstification of the host Cret...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jhev.1999.0331
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent success in the amplification of ancient DNA (aDNA) from fossil humans has led to calls for further tests to be carried out on similar material. However, there has been little systematic research on the survival of DNA in the fossil record, even though the environment of the fossil is known to be of paramount im...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0047-2484(03)00106-4
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Feeding systems and behaviors must evolve to satisfy the metabolic needs of organisms. This includes modifications to feeding systems as body size and metabolic needs change. Using our own data and data from the literature, we examine how size-related changes in metabolic needs are met by size-related changes in daily...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.02.007
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00