Abstract:
:We describe a gas-chromatographic method for measuring chlorpromazine and its metabolites chlorpromazine sulfoxide, mono-N-desmethylchlorpromazine, and di-N-desmethylchlorpromazine at therapeutic concentrations in human serum, with use of a nitrogen detector. The compounds are extracted from serum at pH 10.5 into hexane/isoamyl alcohol, re-extracted into dilute HCl, and then extracted into hexane after alkalinization of the HCl. The N-desmethylated metabolites are measured as their respective N-trifuloracetyl derivatives; the parent drug and its sulfoxide are measured as the unchanged bases. Promazine is the internal standard. As little as 5 micrograms of chlorpromazine, 20 micrograms of chlorpromazine sulfoxide, 20 micrograms of mono-N-desmethylchlorpromazine, and 10 micrograms of di-N-desmethylchlorpromazine per liter can be measured in 2-mL samples of serum. The within-run coefficients of variation for assays of these drugs at 100 micrograms/L are 2.7%, 5.6%, 5.1%, and 5.3%, respectively. The procedure was applied to patients receiving therapeutic doses of chlorpromazine and to patients who had ingested an overdose of chlorpromazine.
journal_name
Clin Chemjournal_title
Clinical chemistryauthors
Bailey DN,Guba JJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-07-01 00:00:00pages
1211-5issue
7eissn
0009-9147issn
1530-8561journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract::I describe the automation/mechanization of several areas of sample processing at SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories. By analyzing and implementing new systems for conveyance and sorting of incoming specimens, specimen processing, within-laboratory specimen delivery, specimen storage and retrieval, and client res...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report results of a quality-control survey of radioimmunoassay (RIA) of eight analytes, participated in by 249 laboratories of various types throughout Japan. For the purpose of the external control survey, lyophilized specimens containing two different concentrations of each analyte were sent to the participating ...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Uremic syndrome is the consequence of the retention of solutes usually cleared by the healthy kidneys. p-Cresol can be considered a prototypic protein-bound uremic toxin. It is conceivable, analogous with drugs, that the non-protein-bound fraction of p-cresol exerts toxicity. This aspect had never been evalu...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1373/49.3.470
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Epidemiologists have observed that blood donation is associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. METHODS:We investigated the relationship between iron stores and insulin sensitivity, after controlling for known confounding factors, and compared insulin sensitivity between b...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1373/clinchem.2004.046847
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor material represents a valuable resource for the analysis of RNA-based biomarkers, both in research laboratories and in routine clinical testing. A robust and automated RNA-extraction method with a high sample throughput is required. METHODS:We evaluated extracti...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1373/clinchem.2008.122572
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Demonstrable quality of laboratory services entails two parts. First, one needs a quality policy statement, identification of user needs, choice of measurement procedures, reference measurement system to provide traceability, control materials, and proficiency testing with materials having reference-measurement-assign...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) are thought to play an important role in the development of diabetic complications. Oxidative reactions are essential for the formation of some AGEs, termed glycoxidation products. Increased concentrations of pentosidine, one of such products, are found in tissue and serum in...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This relatively simple, rapid method for quantification of homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) involves solvent extraction and capillary gas chromatography. With use of this extraction method, the overall analytical recovery from an aqueous solution is 92.5% for HVA and 79.2% for VMA. 3,4-Dihydroxy...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a rapid, precise, and sensitive radiometric assay for human lactoferrin. In this typical "sandwich"-type assay, anti-human lactoferrin is adsorbed onto a polystyrene sphere and bound lactoferrin is detected by the subsequent binding of 125I-labeled anti-human lactoferrin. The assay is accurate for lactofer...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the HemoCue beta-Glucose Photometer system for use in our neonatal intensive care unit by assaying 178 heparinized whole-blood samples obtained by heel stick. The required sample size is 5 microL. Plasma glucose was analysed by a glucose oxidase/oxygen electrode methodology. Across the glucose range of 1....
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noninvasive monitoring of blood/tissue glucose concentrations has been successfully accomplished in individual diabetic subjects by using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy coupled with chemometric methods. Three different spectrometer configurations were tested: a) a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer with an indi...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured thyroid hormones and thyroxin-binding proteins in serum from 62 normal lactating and 52 nonlactating women at three months postpartum, and compared these values with those for 42 nonpregnant control women of similar age. Mean thyroxin concentrations in the lactating and nonlactating women were significantl...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circulating prostate cells can be detected in cancer patients by using reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) assay for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSM) mRNA. A quality-control study involving a conventional RT-PCR assay was performed and, surprisingly, detected both transcripts...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a fluorometric method for determining delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) in urine of lead workers. A high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) equipped with a fluorescence HPLC monitor is used. The detection limit for aqueous ALA is 20 micrograms/L (15 pmol of ALA in the 100-microL sample). The working li...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) latently infects a majority of adults. In about 1% of the population HHV-6 exists in a chromosomally integrated form (ciHHV-6) that resides in every somatic and germ cell and can be transmitted through the germ line. Patients with ciHHV-6 have been misdiagnosed and unnecessarily t...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1373/clinchem.2013.217240
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development of a new, sensitive immunoassay for measuring transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) is described and compared with four commercially available TGF-beta1 immunoassays. Preanalytical conditions were evaluated. The nonlinearity found in serum or plasma is due to masking of TGF-beta1 by binding protein...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We evaluated assays to measure both total tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and the three principle forms of tPA in plasma: active tPA, tPA complexed with plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), and tPA complexed with C1-inhibitor. METHODS:Active tPA was measured by use of an indirect amidolytic as...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a two-site time-resolved immunofluorometric assay for guinea pig vascular permeability factor (VPF) for quantifying VPF in different biological fluids. Antibody against the carboxy terminus (C-IgG) is immobilized on microtiter wells, and antibody against the amino terminus (N-IgG) is labeled with Eu(3+)-ch...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a simple method for subclass typing of IgG paraproteins, with which we have demonstrated a large number of paraproteins that were undetected by conventional immunofixation techniques. The types and distribution of IgG subclass paraproteins were analyzed in 92 human sera in which IgG paraproteins had been de...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients with Paget's disease of bone were subjected to plasmapheresis. Alkaline phosphatase activities of serum declined sharply, but returned to preplasmapheresis values within eight to 10 days. The biological half-life of circulating skeletal alkaline phosphatase, as calculated from these experiments, is betwee...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A micro version of a nuclear binding assay to assess the biological activity of receptors for steroid hormones was developed for application to small (needle) biopsies of human tumors for the purpose of predicting responses to steroid therapy. This easier assay requires 10-fold less tissue than the original nuclear bi...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicological determinations are crucial to coroners' or medical examiners' judgments that drugs are significantly involved in a death. However, differences in laboratory procedures, thoroughness of screening, and limits of detection may result in artifactual differences in the toxicological results and the subsequent...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular mortality is markedly higher in Russia than in Western Europe and the US. Little is known about indicators of atherosclerotic risk in the Russian population. To our knowledge, this is the first study of apolipoprotein (apo) AI and B in Russia based on the WHO-IFCC standard. METHODS:We measure...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1373/clinchem.2003.023853
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) could be a candidate gene for coronary artery disease (CAD). This study investigated the relationship of the eNOS Glu(298)-->Asp and T(786)-->C polymorphisms with the presence and severity of CAD in the Italian population. METHODS:We enrolled 415 unrelated individual...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1373/49.3.389
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum free thyroxin (FT4) was determined in 40 patients with various nonthyroidal illnesses. We studied seven methods: (1) a free thyroxin index calculated from total T4 and triiodothyronine resin uptake; (2) a free T4 index determined by enzyme inhibitor assays (Abbott's "Tetrazyme" and "Thyrozyme"); (3) a free T4 in...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of immunological techniques--radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), electroimmunoassay, radial immunodiffusion, and a variety of immunoprecipitin assays--have been used to quantify apolipoproteins in plasma. This paper outlines their technical details and discusses their major advantages...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An abnormal IgLkappa:IgLlambda ratio has long been used as a clinical criterion for non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas. As a first step toward a quantitative real-time PCR-based multimarker diagnostic analysis of lymphomas, we have developed a method for determination of IgLkappa:IgLlambda ratio in clinical sample...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1373/49.1.51
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To address the continuing need for the standardization of clinical human cardiac troponin I (cTnI) assays, NIST, with the assistance of the AACC/IFCC Cardiac Troponin I Standardization Committee, has developed a new certified reference material, Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2921: Human Cardiac Troponin ...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1373/clinchem.2005.051359
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We evaluated the completeness of reporting of diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) systematic reviews using the recently developed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA)-DTA guidelines. METHODS:MEDLINE® was searched for DTA systematic reviews published October 2017 to January 2...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1373/clinchem.2018.292987
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::By using bivariate probability estimation for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) we show how to overcome the difficulties encountered for patients whose clinical presentation is atypical and those encountered when multiple isoenzyme determinations are treated by univariate methods. We use the values fo...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00