Abstract：
:We describe a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantitative determination of gentamicin in serum. The antibiotic was separated from serum by passage through a silicic acid column, derivatized with o-phthalaldehyde, and eluted with ethanol. The derivatized gentamicin was then separated into all three of its major components by reversed-phase chromatography and quantified by fluorometry. Concentrations in serum as low as 0.5 mg of gentamicin per liter could be accurately determined. A standard curve showed a linear response for serum containing gentamicin at concentrations ranging from 0 to 20 mg/liter. Tobramycin, amikacin, ampicillin, penicillin G, methicillin, carbenicillin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and cephalothin did not interfere with the gentamicin assay. Comparison with an accepted microbiological assay yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.99. This chemical assay is rapid (less than 30 min), sensitive, accurate, specific, and appears to be applicable to other aminoglycosides.
journal_name
Clin Chemjournal_title
Clinical chemistryauthors
Maitra SK,Yoshikawa TT,Hansen JL,Nilsson-Ehle I,Palin WJ,Schotz MC,Guze LBsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-12-01 00:00:00pages
2275-8issue
12eissn
0009-9147issn
1530-8561journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies have suggested that glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) serum concentrations distinguish between intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and ischemic stroke (IS) shortly after symptom onset. In this prospective multicenter trial we validated GFAP in an independent patient cohort and assessed the qua...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2016.263335
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To validate azotemic markers as an index for intradialytic changes in solute concentration, we compared eight solutes (pseudouridine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, peak 4, peak 5, p-hydroxyhippuric acid, indoxyl sulfate, and hippuric acid) with five classical azotemic markers (urea, creatinine, uric acid, phosphate, and pot...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this rapid, cost-effective, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) eluted from dried blood spotted on filter paper, second antibody is coated onto the microwell plate and horseradish peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) is the label enzyme. Antiserum to 17-OHP was prepared by using 4-(2-car...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared the ionic activity of sodium, as measured with glass electrodes, with sodium concentration in 23 healthy persons, 15 persons with acute renal failure, and before and after dialysis in 46 patients with chronic renal failure. In healthy persons the mean (+/- SEM) sodium concentration was 139.1 +/- 0.6 mmol/L...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alanine aminotransferase activity in serum increases significantly when serum is incubated with pyridoxal phosphate. The increase depends on the L-alanine concentration in the final assay mixture, being greatest at 800 mmol/liter. Preincubation of 22 normal sera, in a 10:1 ratio with an 8.09 mmol/liter pyridoxal phosp...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The contribution of the exocrine pancreas to hyperamylasemia in diabetic ketoacidosis was investigated by measuring total amylase, salivary and pancreatic isoamylases, cathodic trypsin-like immunoreactivity, and pancreatic lipase in 12 consecutive patients recovering from diabetic ketoacidosis. Hyperamylasemia was pre...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a liquid-chromatographic assay for AZT in human plasma and urine. This assay involves the use of two internal standards, allowing reference of AZT peaks to the appropriate internal standard, the choice depending on the range of concentrations encountered. This method is isocratic, specific, sensitive enoug...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synovial fluid samples were collected from 45 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, spondylarthropathy, or osteoarthritis, to study their content of elastase (EC 3.4.21.37) and of cysteine proteinases (EC 3.4.22.1, 3.4.22.15). We measured both elastase complexed with alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and elastase activity to...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the domain of monitoring therapeutic drugs rapidly expands from experimental investigations to everyday patient care, all clinical laboratory scientists, but especially clinical chemists, must learn to deal with their involvement in this expansion. First, the theoretical concepts underlying clinical pharmacology mu...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At the clinical level, we have seen the emergence of a subspecialty of affective disorders within psychiatry. Mood clinics, depression units, and affective disorders centers are appearing in many academic and clinical settings, where clinical skill and knowledge can be concentrated and new research furthered. By using...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Molecular analysis of plasma DNA during human pregnancy has led to the discovery that maternal plasma contains both fetal and maternal DNA. This valuable source of fetal DNA opens up new possibilities for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. APPROACH:Published data from the last 3 years demonstrating the feasibi...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vascular age is an emerging health indicator and predictor of end-organ damage to the heart, brain, and kidney. Although there have been many review publications concerning risk factors for vascular aging, most include cross-sectional epidemiological studies, limiting inferences about temporality. There is a...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2018.287623
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This communication describes and evaluates an improved routine methodology for quantitating clinical proteinuria. Based on investigations of Piscator and of Savory et al., a modified Tsuchiya's reagent (ethanolic HCI-phosphotungstic acid) is used to precipitate proteins at 56 degrees C, followed by biuret spectrophoto...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The analytical performance of laboratories participating in the dialysis fluids and water aluminum program of the Guildford External Quality Assessment Scheme over the period 1986-1993 has been reviewed. For aluminum concentrations > 3.33 mumol/L in dialysis fluids, the between-laboratory CV has fallen from approximat...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Iron may promote coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD) by increasing lipid peroxidation. Studies on biochemical or genetic markers of body iron stores as risk factors for CAD have yielded conflicting results. METHODS:We studied 849 individuals with a clear-cut definition of the CAD phenotype, i.e., with (C...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a survey on urine drug testing within a total of 269 laboratories of the European Union. Clinical laboratories predominated over forensic laboratories (59.5% vs 28.5%). Screening without identification/quantification was the common approach used by clinical laboratories, whereas screening with identification...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A precolumn derivatization method was optimized for rapid and specific analysis of total urinary hydroxyproline by HPLC. After an overnight hydrolysis, urine samples dried and reconstituted with the internal standard cysteic acid (in sodium hydrogen carbonate, pH 9.3) were derivatized with N,N-diethyl-2,4-dinitro-5-fl...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Since its beginnings, newborn screening for cystic fibrosis (CF) using an assay for immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) has been plagued by a high rate of false-positive results (screen positive, diagnosis negative), despite attempts to reduce this rate by use of altered cutoffs and second-tier DNA testing. IRT...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2009.132480
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP and N-terminal pro-BNP) are secreted by the heart and, in the case of BNP, serve to maintain circulatory homeostasis through renal and vascular actions and oppose many effects of the renin-angiotensin system. Recent evidence suggests that in patients with severe heart fai...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2013.210435
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide is a soluble gas continuously synthesized by the endothelium. This substance has a wide range of biological properties that maintain vascular homeostasis, including modulation of vascular dilator tone, regulation of local cell growth, and protection of the vessel from injurious consequences of platelets a...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of monogenic disorders using maternal plasma and targeted massively parallel sequencing is being investigated actively. We previously demonstrated that comprehensive genetic diagnosis of a Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patient is feasible using a single targeted sequencing ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2014.236380
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review the following labels used as substitutes for radioisotopes in immunoassay systems: bacteriophages, chemiluminescence precursors, fluorochromes, fluorogens, fluorescence quenchers, enzymes, coenzymes, inhibitors, substrates, various particulates, metal atoms, and stable free radicals. New methods for performi...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Tamoxifen is a standard endocrine therapy for the prevention and treatment of steroid hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. CONTENT:Tamoxifen requires enzymatic activation by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes for the formation of active metabolites 4-hydroxytamoxifen and endoxifen. As compared with the paren...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2008.121756
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum specimens from patients on primidone therapy were assayed by two currently available procedures: a commercially available enzyme immunoassay (EMIT) and a published gas-chromatographic procedure. Both procedures were done with commercially available materials and equipment. Results by the two procedures agreed we...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared the performance of an automated assay of creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) mass (Stratus) with that of a CK-MB enzymatic assay routinely used at our institutions. Both of these assays use the same CK-MB-specific monoclonal antibody to immunocapture CK-MB, thus providing a direct means of comparing a mas...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a fixed-time, enzymatic, reaction-rate procedure for determining plasma ammonia with a centrifugal analyzer (Rotochem IIA/36; American Instrument Co., silver Spring, MD 20910), with NADPH as cofactor. The reaction is based on that of da Fonseca-Wollheim's modification [J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 11, 421...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Variability among assays used to measure intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) is of particular concern because of the routine use of iPTH assay results to guide management of osteodystrophy and calcium metabolism in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The aim of this study was to determine the extent ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2006.071589
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Published estimates of the imprecision characteristics of immunoassays are often based on quantities of data that seem to be inadequate. The increasing use of imprecision profiles has not necessarily improved the situation. We describe and illustrate a method of computing 95% confidence intervals for profiles estimate...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The commonly used methods of assessing the precision of the automated leukocyte differential have certain drawbacks that affect the validity and comparability of results. In the present report, we introduce a procedure based on building precision profiles from a large number of within-run imprecision experiments. The ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light that penetrates scattering media shows nonlinearities that mask the broad and shallow perturbations made by trace analytes on the background illuminant spectrum. Narrow-band spectroscopic decomposition and deconvolution of such weak bands is a formidable analytical task that pushes the fundamentally linear spect...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
