Abstract:
:Exposure to chronic constant or intermittent hypoxia (CCH or CIH) may have different effects on growth and development in early life. In this work, we exposed postnatal day 2 (P2) CD1 mice to CCH or CIH (11% O2) for 4 weeks and examined the effect of hypoxia on body and organ growth until P30. Regression analysis showed that weight increased in control, CCH and CIH cohorts with age with r2 values of 0.99, 0.97, and 0.94, respectively. Between days 2 and 30, slopes were 0.93+/-0.057, 0.76+/-0.108, and 0.63+/-0.061 (g/day, means+/-SEM) for control, CIH, and CCH, respectively and significantly different from each other (P<0.001). The slopes between P2 and P16 were 0.78+/-0.012, 0.46+/-0.002, and 0.47+/-0.019 for control, CCH and CIH, respectively. From P16 to 30, slopes were 1.12+/-0.033, 1.09+/-0.143, and 0.82+/-0.08 for control, CIH, and CCH, respectively with no significant difference from each other, suggesting a catch-up growth in the latter part of the hypoxic period. Slower weight gain resulted in a 12% and 23% lower body weight in CIH and CCH mice (P<0.001) by P30. Lung/body ratios were 0.010, 0.015, 0.015 for control, CIH, and CCH at P30, respectively. The decrease in liver, kidney, and brain weight were greater in CCH than CIH. Smaller liver weight was shown to be due to a reduction in cell size and cell number. Liver in CIH and CCH mice showed a 5% and 10% reduction in cell size (P<0.05) and a reduction of 28% in cell number (P<0.001) at P30. In contrast, CCH and CIH heart weight was 13% and 33% greater than control at P30 (P<0.05), respectively. This increase in the heart weight was due to an increase in the size of cardiomyocytes which showed an increase of 12% and 14% (P<0.001) for CIH and CCH, respectively as compared to control. Brain weight was 0.48 and 0.46 g for CIH and CCH, respectively (95% and 92% of normal). We concluded that (a) CIH and CCH follow different body and organ growth patterns; (b) mostly with CCH, the liver and kidneys are reduced in size in a proportionate way to body size but heart, lung, and brain are either spared or increased in size compared to body weight; and (c) the decrease in liver is secondary mostly to a decrease in cell number.
journal_name
Pediatr Pulmonoljournal_title
Pediatric pulmonologyauthors
Farahani R,Kanaan A,Gavrialov O,Brunnert S,Douglas RM,Morcillo P,Haddad GGdoi
10.1002/ppul.20729subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-01 00:00:00pages
20-8issue
1eissn
8755-6863issn
1099-0496journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The assessment of apnea and asynchronous breathing requires the application of a facemask connected to a pneumotachograph and inductive transducer bands placed around the chest wall. These contact devices may alter the breathing pattern and are difficult to implement, especially in infants and children. This study val...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.21570
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There are few published data on the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids in preterm infants with very severe forms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), requiring respiratory support after 3 months of age. The aim of this study was to report the use of pulses of methylprednisolone in this population and its...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.25109
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is a recently described children's interstitial lung disease (chILD) disorder of unknown etiology. It manifests clinically with tachypnea, retractions, hypoxemia, and crackles. The characteristic radiographic appearance consists of pulmonary hyperexpansion an...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.21219
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:How pediatricians manage bronchiolitis and the derived total costs (direct and indirect) in the emergency department (ED) have not been fully characterized. The aim of the present study is to calculate those costs in a European country. METHODS:A prospective and observational study, including 10 EDs of tert...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1002/ppul.22906
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two hundred twenty-six healthy school children, with a mean age of 8.8 years; 62 girls mean age 8.8, 48 boys mean age 12.6 and 51 girls mean age 12.6 years at the start, were enrolled in a longitudinal study of lung function and tested annually for 5 years. All were free of respiratory symptoms, and none smoked more t...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.1950080308
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The optimal duration of therapy for acute exacerbations of cystic fibrosis (CF) has not been defined, and the utility of serial pulmonary function testing in predicting the duration of therapy has yet to be established. In a review of 90 pulmonary exacerbations of 39 patients with CF requiring hospitalization, we foun...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.1950160404
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood. Although asthma admissions to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are increasing, there are no evidence-based guidelines on preferred escalation of therapies for patients with status asthmaticus who fail to respond to inhaled bronchodilators and sys...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.24821
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the relative contribution of ribcage and abdomen during augmented breaths were assessed in two groups of infants (less than 2 weeks and 4-12 weeks old). In both groups ribcage and abdominal movements increased during augmented breaths in quiet sleep. In the older infants the relative increase was greater fo...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.1950040303
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:High incidence of genetic alterations at the microsatellite (MS) DNA level has been reported in asthmatic adults. WORKING HYPOTHESIS:The aim of this study was to investigate whether microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) were detectable phenomena in children with asthma. METHODOL...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.21097
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop and validate a questionnaire to assess asthma control in children (CAN). DESIGN:Two versions of the CAN (for carers and children) were developed. Both versions were validated in an observational, prospective, multicenter study performed in 38 hospital outpatient clinics throughout Spain. Four hund...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.20929
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the effect of position on the strength of the Hering-Breuer reflex in prematurely born infants and determine whether any differences seen were related to differences in lung or tidal volume between positions. WORKING HYPOTHESIS:Position related differences in the strength of the Hering-Breuer...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.20855
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary surfactant, a unique developmentally regulated, phospholipid-rich lipoprotein, is synthesized by the type II epithelial cells (AECII) of the pulmonary alveolus, where it is stored in organelles termed lamellar bodies. The synthesis of pulmonary surfactant is under multifactorial control and is regulated by a...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.22975
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific airway resistance (SRaw) is conventionally determined by multiplying the plethysmographically measured values of airway resistance and functional residual capacity (FRC). An alternative single-step method, which avoids the need for airway occlusion during determination of FRC, has been described by Dab and Al...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.1950060212
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated safety and efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) for improving growth, lean body mass (LBM), pulmonary function, and exercise tolerance in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and growth restriction. STUDY DESIGN:Multicenter, open-label, controlled clinical trial comparing outcomes ...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/ppul.21546
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Alveolar concentration (C(A)NO) and bronchial flux (J(aw)NO) of nitric oxide (NO) characterize the contributions of peripheral and proximal airways to exhaled NO. Both parameters can be estimated using a two-compartment model if the fraction of NO in orally exhaled air (FE(NO)) is measured at multiple constan...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.22550
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the performance of selected ultrasonic and jet nebulizers when aerosolizing several antibiotic formulations to determine optimum combinations for delivery of a respirable antibiotic aerosol. Three ultrasonic devices were tested: the UltraNeb 99/100, the UltraAIR and the Aerosonic. The reusable jet nebulize...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0496(199704)23:4<249::aid-ppul2
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the benefits of recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (dornase alfa) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are established, its optimal timing in relation to physiotherapy is unknown. As its enzymatic effect lasts for 6-11 hr, dornase alfa may be more efficacious if the time interval between inhalatio...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/ppul.20704
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:While pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is rare in infants and children, it results in substantial morbidity and mortality. In recent years, prognosis has improved, coinciding with the introduction of new PAH-targeted therapies, although much of their use in children is off-label. Evidence to guide the tr...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ppul.24442
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wheezing is the most widely reported adventitious lung sound in the English language. It is recognized by health professionals as well as by lay people, although often with a different meaning. Wheezing is an indicator of airway obstruction and therefore of interest particularly for the assessment of young children an...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ppul.23930
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To validate the bronchiolitis score of Sant Joan de Déu (BROSJOD) and to examine the previously defined scoring cutoff. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Prospective, observational study. BROSJOD scoring was done by two independent physicians (at admission, 24 and 48 hr). Internal consistency of the score was assessed us...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.23546
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Airway pressure and air flow were measured at the endotracheal tube in 13 children on a variety of ventilators. These signals were stored for analysis on a computer. Further data sets were obtained after 24 hours or following major interventions. Air flow rate was integrated to give volume. Pulmonary resistance and el...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.1950110315
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The mammalian lung possesses the highest level of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) amongst all the organs. ACE is known to generate angiotensin (AT)-II from AT-I and to regulate serum bradykinin level, thereby controlling blood pressure. Recent data, however, indicate a role for ACE derived AT-II in ang...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.22911
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of childhood death. There are few published reports of radiographic findings among children with severe CAP. OBJECTIVE:To describe chest X-ray (CXR) findings and assess association between these radiographic findings and pneumococcal isolation in childre...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1002/ppul.21287
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In children, pulmonary sequelae contribute to early and late morbidity after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Between 1975-1999, we performed 152 BMTs in 138 pediatric patients with malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Allogenic bone marrow was used from 99 HLA identical siblings and from 23 other related or unrelat...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1099-0496(200011)30:5<393::aid-ppul5>3.0.c
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four patients with severe cystic fibrosis lung disease, anorexia and weight loss, received Megestrol Acetate (MA), as an appetite stimulant. The initial dose was 400-800 mg daily and was continued for 6-15 months. Appetite was improved, with significant weight gain in all patients and an increase in their weight for a...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0496(199911)28:5<380::aid-ppul1
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The term "atypical" pneumonia has been used to differentiate infections caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella, and other related organisms from pneumonia caused by classic bacteria, the prototype being Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, recent studies demonstrated that the clinical presenta...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ppul.10326
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the independent association of asthma and obesity and of their co-existence with functional exercise capacity among urban adolescents. METHODS:One hundred eighteen Hispanic- and African-American adolescents including 33 obese asthmatics, 18 normal-weight asthmatics, 38 obese non-asthmatics, and 29 n...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.22547
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of current methods of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) on pulmonary function in children have not been extensively studied. We reviewed serial pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in 25 children (median age, 9 yr; range, 4-15) who received allogeneic (n = 14) or autologous (n = 11) BMT for neoplastic diseases ...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.1950180604
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Respiratory viral and atypical bacterial infections are associated with pulmonary exacerbations and hospitalisations in cystic fibrosis patients. We wanted to study the impact of such infections on children attending the outpatient clinic. METHODS:Seventy-five children were followed for 12 months at regular...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.20517
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of within-breath changes in compliance (C) upon the accuracy of measurements of compliance and resistance (R) by linear regression analysis and by Mead and Wittenberger's method. These effects were illustrated by a computer model and by lung models with linear and nonlinear pressure/volume rela...
journal_title:Pediatric pulmonology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ppul.1950120304
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00