Abstract：
:Dicer, an RNase III type endonuclease, is the key enzyme involved in RNA interference (RNAi) and microRNA (miRNA) pathways. It is required for biogenesis of miRNAs and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and also plays an important role in an effector step of RNA silencing, the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) assembly. In this article we describe different functions of Dicer in posttranscriptional regulation. We review the current knowledge about Dicers in different organisms and the functions of individual domains of the enzyme. We also discuss information about Dicer-associated proteins and their role in the biogenesis of small RNAs and assembly of RISC.
journal_name
Curr Top Microbiol Immunoljournal_title
Current topics in microbiology and immunologyauthors
Jaskiewicz L,Filipowicz Wdoi
10.1007/978-3-540-75157-1_4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-01 00:00:00pages
77-97eissn
0070-217Xissn
2196-9965journal_volume
320pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Rho GTPases are molecular switches controlling a broad range of cellular processes including lymphocyte activation. Not surprisingly, Rho GTPases are now recognized as pivotal regulators of antigen-specific T cell activation by APCs and immunological synapse formation. This review summarizes recent advances in our und...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-27511-8_5
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) actively repress the expression of their primary response genes through the recruitment of transcriptional corepressor complexes to regulated promoters. N-CoR and the highly related SMRT were originally isolated and characterized by their ability to interact exclusivelywith the un...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-55747-7_9
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Axonal transport ensures long-range delivery of essential components and signals between proximal and distal areas of the neuron, and it is crucial for neuronal homeostasis and survival. Several pathogens and virulence factors use this route to gain access to the central nervous system, exploiting the complex and stil...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-33570-9_5
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The catalytic polypeptides of certain bacterial and plant protein toxins reach their substrates in the cytosol of mammalian cells by retro-translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Emerging evidence indicates that these proteins subvert the ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathway that normally remove...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-28007-3_7
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is an experimental model that closely resembles human autoimmune gastritis, the underlying pathology of pernicious anemia. Pathogenic CD4+ T cells are reactive to the parietal cell autoantigen, H/K ATPase, and are controlled by CD4+CD25+ T cells in an immunosuppressive cytokine-independent m...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-27702-1_8
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunoglobulins and Fc receptors are critical glycoprotein components of the immune system. Fc receptors bind the Fc (effector) region of antibody molecules and communicate information within the innate and adaptive immune systems. Glycosylation of antibodies, particularly in the Fc region of IgG, has been extensively...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-07911-0_8
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review will focus on the principal clinical and pathophysiological features of the anaemia of falciparum malaria, including the problems of treating malarial anaemia, and also will suggest how recent advances in genomics may help our understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this syndrome. ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-29088-5_6
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA replication is an important step in the life cycle of every cell that ensures the continuous flow of genetic information from one generation to the next. In all organisms, chromosome replication must be coordinated with overall cell growth. Helicobacter pylori growth strongly depends on its interaction with the ho...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-50520-6_4
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding how cell growth is regulated in response to environmental signals remains a challenging biological problem. Recent studies indicate the TOR (target of rapamycin) kinase acts within an intracellular regulatory network used by eukaryotic cells to regulate their growth according to nutrient availability. Th...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-18930-2_3
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Picornaviridae encompass many positive-strand RNA viruses, all of which share a generally similar genome design and capsid structure, but which induce quite diverse diseases in humans and other animals. Picornavirus strains of the same serotype have been shown to express different virulence (or pathogenic) phenoty...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-26397-7_7
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the last two decades, researchers have developed robust systems for recombinant subunit vaccine production in plants. Stably and transiently transformed plants have particular advantages that enable immunization of humans and animals via mucosal delivery. The initial goal to immunize orally by ingestion of plan...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2011_158
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Promoting remyelination following injury to the central nervous system (CNS) promises to be an effective neuroprotective strategy to limit the loss of surviving axons and prevent disability. Studies confirm that multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury lesions contain myelinating cells and their progenitors. Rec...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-73677-6_9
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Production of type I IFN is the key response to viral infection. Since the discovery of type I IFNs in 1957, long double-stranded RNA formed during replication of many viruses was thought to be responsible for type I IFN induction, and for decades double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) was thought to be th...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-71329-6_11
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most eukaryotic messenger RNAs are transcribed as precursors that necessitate specific and exact processing of intron boundaries. Furthermore, the choice of these boundaries appears to be fluid and adaptive to the rate of transcription and the developmental and physiological state of the cell. A central regulator of s...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-76776-3_7
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After infection of a cell, the positive-strand RNA genome of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) directly serves as the template for translation in the cytosol. By the use of an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element in the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the viral RNA, the HCV RNA bypasses the need for nuclear processing...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-27340-7_6
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform diverse regulatory functions in transcription, translation' chromatin modification, and cellular organization. Misregulation of lncRNAs is found linked to various human diseases. Compared to protein-coding RNAs' lncRNAs are more specific to organs, tissues, cell types, development...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2015_464
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wild aquatic bird populations have long been considered the natural reservoir for influenza A viruses with virus transmission from these birds seeding other avian and mammalian hosts. While most evidence still supports this dogma, recent studies in bats have suggested other reservoir species may also exist. Extensive ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2014_396
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An account is given of the experiences and events which led to a search being undertaken for a causative virus in the recently described Burkitt's lymphoma and of the steps which ultimately culminated in the discovery of the new human herpesvirus which came to be known as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-22822-8_1
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial to mounting an effective immune response. They have a significant role in cancer immunosurveillance and function as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. However, until recently, surprisingly little was known about the molecular basis of NK cell development as compared to...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2014_376
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xenotransplantation is a public health concern because it has the potential to infect human recipients with zoonotic and other infectious agents that are not endemic in human populations, thereby potentially introducing new infections to the human community. From this perspective, xenotransplantation clinical trials c...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-55541-1_2
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human stomach is a harsh and fluctuating environment for bacteria with hazards such as gastric acid and flow through of gastric contents into the intestine. H. pylori gains admission to a stable niche with nutrient access from exudates when attached to the epithelial cells under the mucus layer, whereof adherence ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-15138-6_8
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ubiquitous, opportunistic pathogen human cytomegalovirus (CMV) encodes several proteins homologous to those of the host organism. Four different CMV genes encode chemokine receptor-like peptides. These genes, UL33, UL78, US27, and US28, are expressed at various stages of infection in vitro. Their functions remain ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-59421-2_13
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our knowledge of the organization and regulation of the murine hematopoietic stem cell hierarchy has, in large measure, been the result of the development of in vivo reconstitution assays for cells of various levels of differentiation. For example, many basic stem cell concepts were established using CFU-S as a paradi...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-74974-2_26
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Torque teno (TT) viruses have been more frequently reported in malignant biopsies when compared to normal control tissue. The possible contribution of TT virus infection to human carcinogenesis or the potential oncolytic functions of these virus infections are being discussed based on available experimental evidence. ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-70972-5_7
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Innate pattern recognition receptors are implicated in first-line defense against pathogens but also participate in maintenance of tissue homeostasis and response to injury. This chapter reviews the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in neuronal and glial responses that are associated with neurodegeneration. Accompany...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-00549-7_6
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Remarkable progress has been made in reducing measles incidence and mortality as a consequence of implementing the measles mortality reduction strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). The revised global measles mortality reduction goal set forth in the WHO-UNICEF Glo...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-70617-5_9
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rotaviruses, members of the family Reoviridae, are icosahedral triple-layered viruses with genomes consisting of 11 segments of double-stranded (ds)RNA. A characteristic feature of rotavirus-infected cells is the formation of large cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, termed viroplasms. These dynamic and highly organized...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-30773-7_6
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An evolution in modern malaria research occurred with the completion of the Plasmodium falciparum genome project and the onset and application of novel post-genomic technologies. Corresponding with these technological achievements are improvements in accessing and purifying parasite material from 'hard-to-reach' stage...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-29088-5_16
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The field of autophagy research has advanced rapidly in recent years, with important discoveries made in relation to both molecular mechanisms and physiological functions. Initially, autophagy was thought to be primarily a response to starvation. Although this might be true in lower eukaryotes, this catabolic process ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_3
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Host cell attachment by influenza A viruses is mediated by the hemagglutinin glycoprotein (HA), and the recognition of specific types of sialic acid -containing glycan receptors constitutes one of the major determinants of viral host range and transmission properties. Structural studies have elucidated some of the vir...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2014_423
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
