Abstract:
:We have previously reported that neurotensin (NT) is released from the small intestine and elevated in the hepatic-portal circulation in response to the perfusion of the small intestine with a micellar solution of oleic acid. In order to determine the minimum acyl chain length and whether the presence of a carboxylic acid is necessary for the stimulation of NT release, the small intestine of anesthetized rats was perfused with test solutions of fatty acids of 2-, 4-, 8-, or 18-carbons or fatty alcohols of 2-, 4-, or 8-carbons at a concentration of 1 mM prepared in 2.4 mM taurodeoxycholate in 0.9% NaCl. Blood samples, collected from the superior mesenteric vein immediately before the start of the test perfusion and at 15-min intervals thereafter, were extracted immediately and radioimmunoassayed for NT-like immunoreactivity (NTLI) with a C-terminal-directed antiserum. Perfusions of fatty acids with 4 or more carbons and alcohols of 2 or more carbons resulted in a significant elevation (P less than 0.05) in plasma levels of NTLI above the values obtained before the onset of perfusion. Perfusions with ethanol resulted in a value of 4.3 +/- 0.03 mg/dl (SEM) in blood from the superior mesenteric vein while there was no increase in ethanol levels in the peripheral circulation. Perfusion with taurodeoxycholate and 0.9% NaCl alone had no significant effect on plasma levels of the NTLI. In order to characterize the chemical nature of the elevated NTLI, plasma samples from animals perfused with test solution were collected, extracted, pooled, and subjected to HPLC. NT and its N-terminal metabolite, NT(1-8), were quantitated. NT was defined as material having the same retention time as synthetic NT standard and having comparable measurements using N- and C-terminal-directed antisera. Perfusions of fatty acids of four or more carbons and alcohols of two or more carbons resulted in a 2- to 4-fold increase of both NT and NT(1-8) levels in plasma. It is particularly interesting that perfusion with ethanol (2-carbons) causes an elevation in plasma NT, because perfusion with acetic acid (2-carbons) does not increase NTLI. The fact that perfusion of ethanol is effective in releasing intestinal NT suggests that NT may mediate some of the biological effects observed after the consumption of alcohol.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Ferris CF,Armstrong MJ,George JK,Stevens CA,Carraway RE,Leeman SEdoi
10.1210/endo-116-3-1133subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-03-01 00:00:00pages
1133-8issue
3eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170journal_volume
116pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::Orexins/hypocretins heavily innervate the posterior division of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (pPVT), which expresses both orexin receptor types. The pPVT is important for adaptations to repeated stress, particularly the ability to facilitate to novel stress after repeated stress exposure. Here, we exami...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1652
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine whether bisphenol A (BPA) has adverse effects on cardiovascular functions in CD-1 mice and define sex-specific modes of BPA action in the heart. Dams and analyzed progeny were maintained on a defined diet containing BPA (0.03, 0.3, 3, 30, or 300 ppm) that resulted in BPA exposure...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2014-1847
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::IGF-I has been shown to play a role in the progression of atherosclerosis in experimental animal models. IGF-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) binds to IGF-I and prevents its association with receptors. Overexpression of a protease-resistant form of IGFBP-4 has been shown to inhibit the ability of IGF-I to stimulate normal ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2007-0571
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated, in five cell strains per experiment, whether several cytokines known or believed to have effects on bone resorption were produced by nearly homogeneous strains of cultured normal human osteoblast-like (hOB) cells that display virtually the complete phenotype of the mature osteoblast. In unstimulated h...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.130.5.1572280
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate GH's role in diabetic end organ damage, experimental diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ) in bovine GH (bGH) or bGH antagonist transgenic mice and in their nontransgenic (NTG) litter mates. Body growth, blood glucose, serum insulin-like growth factor-I levels, liver GH receptor (GHR) binding, ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.136.2.7835300
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the hypothalamus are direct targets of the adipostatic hormone leptin and contribute to energy homeostasis by integrating peripheral and central information. The melanocortin and beta-endorphin neuropeptides are processed from POMC and putatively coreleased at axon terminals. Mela...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2002-221096
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of K+ depletion and ouabain (0.1, 0.5, and 1 mM) on glucagon and insulin release from the in vitro perfused rat pancreas were studied in the absence or presence of arginine (10 mM). In the absence of arginine, K+ depletion resulted in an inhibition of glucagon release, both at a low (2.8 mM) and a higher (...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-113-1-178
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a member of the steroid-thyroid hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors with diverse functions including the biological actions of aldosterone. Identification of the various transcriptional coregulators of MR is essential for understanding the compl...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2017-00095
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activins stimulate FSH synthesis and secretion by pituitary gonadotrope cells. Activin A induction of porcine and murine FSHβ (Fshb) gene transcription in immortalized gonadotropes is dependent on homolog of Drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) proteins as well as the forkhead transcription factor L2 (FOX...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2010-0605
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the murine Ob 17 preadipocyte cell line, the thyroid hormone T3 is an adipogenic factor necessary at an early stage for differentiation into adipocyte. We demonstrate here that this T3 dependence may involve a transient expression (at both the messenger RNA and the protein levels) of c-ErbA beta-type receptors (T3R...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.140.7.6860
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin II is a potent octapeptide vasoconstrictor and regulator of cardiovascular and electrolyte homeostasis. Angiotensinogen, the protein precursor of angiotensin II, is synthesized by the liver and many other organs of the adult rat. To determine whether angiotensin may be present in early fetal development we...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-121-4-1335
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Equine CG (eCG) both radioiodinated and unlabeled, was injected iv into male rats, and the disappearance of the hormone from the circulation was studied. The uptake and inactivation of the hormone by various tissues was also examined. The disappearance curve of eCG consisted of two exponential components with apparent...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-109-4-1242
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments tested whether serotonergic neurons participate in the acute feedback effects of estradiol on LH and PRL secretion. In the first study, ovariectomized female rats received oil vehicle or estradiol benzoate and were killed 3 h later. The turnover of serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] in microdissect...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-113-6-1935
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kisspeptin, neurokinin B (NKB) and dynorphin A are coexpressed in a population of neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), termed KNDy neurons, which were recently recognized as important elements for the generation of GnRH pulses. However, the topographic distribution of these peptides and their regulated expression by ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2014-1200
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::LPXRFamide (LPXRFa) peptides have been characterized for their ability to inhibit gonadotropin (GTH) release in birds and stimulate growth hormone (GH) release in frogs. However, their involvement in regulating the reproductive hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in mammals and fish is inconclusive. To study the role o...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2013-2047
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine further the relationship between developmental changes in LH release and the onset of puberty, effects of posterior hypothalamic lesions were tested in ovariectomized (OVX), sexually immature female monkeys. In OVX females (n = 3) with sham hypothalamic lesions basal LH levels were suppressed during the pre...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-123-1-445
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoradiographs of thyroid glands of aging mice demonstrate the gradual appearance of "cold" follicles which fail to iodinate the intraluminar iodoproteins even after intense exogeneous or endogeneous TSH stimulation. "Cold" follicles first appear at the age of 5 months. They may account for 80% of all thyroid follicl...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-102-5-1576
更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test the hypothesis that leptin secreted from adipose tissue is a mediator linking obesity and pancreatic islet hypertrophy, we examined the effects of leptin on proliferative and apoptotic responses in rat islet cells. Rat pancreatic islets were isolated and incubated with 0, 1, 5, or 75 nM leptin for 24 h under s...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.11.8494
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms whereby ovarian hormones, and particularly estrogens, modulate fat cell metabolism, we investigated the effects of estradiol administration on c-fos and c-jun expressions in fat cells from ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Estradiol treatment resulted in a rapid increase in c-fo...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.141.8.7610
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of synthetic ovine CRF on ACTH secretion of dispersed, domestic fowl pituitary cells was investigated. Cells preincubated for 2 h, 16 h, or after 48-h culture were incubated briefly with CRF (up to 4 h). ACTH was bioassayed using isolated rat adrenocortical cells; ACTH-(1-24) served as the standard for expr...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-118-1-143
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have recently found that, in the frog adrenal gland, endozepines are present in chromaffin cells and we have shown that the triakontatetraneuropeptide TTN is a potent stimulator of corticosteroid secretion in vitro. In the present study, we have investigated the transduction mechanisms mediating the corticotropic e...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.141.1.7228
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::T3 stimulates in vitro GH secretion, whereas somatomedins have been shown to suppress GH. We, therefore, tested the effects of a recombinant human insulin-like growth factor analog (IGF-I; Thr 59) on T3-induced GH secretion. Pituitary monolayer cultures were derived from 4- to 7-week surgically thyroidectomized male r...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-118-4-1483
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most studies of lipoprotein requirements for steroid secretion by the adrenal have examined the mixed cell population of the whole gland; none have examined lipoprotein requirements of guinea pig adrenocortical cells. In this study the effect of exogenous lipoprotein on the ability of cells from each of the different ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-120-2-640
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of periodontal tissues, is characterized by excessive alveolar bone resorption. An increase in the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) to osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio is thought to reflect the severity of periodontitis. Here, we examined alveolar bone loss in OP...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1928
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the rat a GH-binding protein (GHBP) exists that is derived from the GH receptor gene by an alternative messenger RNA splicing mechanism such that the transmembrane and intracellular domains of the GH receptor are replaced by a hydrophilic carboxy terminus. Previous immunohistochemical studies detailing the localiza...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.130.5.1374020
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rat melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a homolog of the peptide first isolated from salmon pituitary glands which produces melanosome aggregation within melanophores of teleost fish as well as interacting with the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. We have previously characterized the rat and human MCH counterparts as i...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.131.4.1327720
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leydig cells from mature rat testes contain high levels of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11HSD), an enzyme that oxidatively inactivates glucocorticoids. We have proposed that the 11HSD of Leydig cells protects the testis from the effects of high levels of glucocorticoids, as may occur in stress and Cushing's d...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.134.3.8119160
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::IL-18 was identified due to its ability to induce interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) production by T cells. It is a pleiotropic factor that shares structural features with IL-1 and functional activities with IL-12. IL-18 has a role in T cell development, where it has been demonstrated to act cooperatively with IL-12 to regul...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2002-220936
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The PTH activates both adenylate cyclase and a mechanism that increases membrane-associated protein kinase-C (PKC) activity. To define the hormone's PKC activation domain we have used a panel of PTH fragments and ROS 17/2 rat osteosarcoma cells as the target cells. PTH equally and maximally increased PKC activity in R...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.130.1.1727720
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have demonstrated previously that both rat and human liver microsomes contain a highly specific binding protein for the anabolic steroids stanozolol (ST) and danazol (DA). In this study we solubilized the male rat liver ST-binding protein (STBP) and investigated the following parameters: 1) pharmacological properti...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.141.9.7667
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00