Parasites alter the topology of a stream food web across seasons.

abstract：:Behavioral traits and diet were traditionally thought to be highly plastic within individuals. This view was espoused in the widespread use of optimality models, which broadly predict that individuals can modify behavioral traits and diet across ecological contexts to maximize fitness. Yet, research conducted over the...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Toscano BJ,Gownaris NJ,Heerhartz SM,Monaco CJ

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The validity of nutrient use efficiency as a central concept in ecosystem ecology has recently been subject to challenge based upon arguments over autocorrelation of data, interpretation of graphical approaches, and appropriate statistical analyses. Much of the confusion on the measurement and interpretation of nutrie...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pastor J,Bridgham SD

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CO2 exchange characteristics and the activity of the carboxylating enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEP-C, E.C. 4.1.1.31) and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBP-C, E.C. 4.1.1.39) during one year in the greenhouse and at two levels of light and temperature in growth chambers were determined in the C3-C...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Fladung M,Hesselbach J

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herbivore damage often deters pollinator visitation and many invasive plants in North America are pollinator-dependent. This has important implications for the biological control of invasive plants because it means that agents that deter pollinators may have a larger than expected impact on the plant. Yet interactions...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Swope SM

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After a period of food deprivation, animals often respond with a period of faster than normal growth. Such responses have been suggested to result in decreased chromosomal maintenance, which in turn may affect the future fitness of an individual. Here, we present a field experiment in which a food deprivation period o...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Näslund J,Pauliny A,Blomqvist D,Johnsson JI

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Models of the evolution of seed dormancy reveal that dormancy is favoured either when opportunities for establishment vary over time and when there is wide variation in the probability of success, or when the probability of success is limited by frequency dependence. Empirical evidence supporting the temporal heteroge...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Zammit C,Zedler PH

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decomposition of standing dead trees that were killed by fire was examined for 10 species in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The decrease in wood density as fire age increased was used to estimate decomposition rates. Quercus prinus had the fastest decay rate (11% yr-1) while Pinus virginiana had the slowest ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Harmon ME

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The diurnal changes in proline and water contents of Zygophyllum quatarense and Francoeuria crispa were investigated under desert conditions. In both plants, the proline content was low before sunrise amounting to 10.42 μmoles/g fresh weight in Zygophyllum and 6.3 μmoles/g fresh weight in Francoeuria. By the progress ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Batanouny KH,Ebeid MM

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short-term responses of producers highlight that key nutrients (e.g., N, P)-or combinations of these nutrients-limit primary production in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. These discoveries continue to provide highly valuable insights, but it remains important to ask whether nutrients always predominantly limit pro...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Darcy-Hall TL,Hall SR

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seasonal measurements of microclimatic conditions were compared to seasonal indices of leaf structural components and plant water relations in Prosopis glandulosa var. torryana. P. glandulosa had two short periods of leaf production which resulted in two distinct even aged cohorts of leaves. The two leaf cohorts (summ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Nilsen ET,Sharifi MR,Rundel PW,Virginia RA

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of habitat fragmentation on species diversity and herbivore-parasitoid interactions were analyzed using the insect community of seed feeders and their parasitoids in the pods of the bush vetch (Vicia sepium L.). Field studies were carried out on 18 old meadows differing in area and isolation. The area of these...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Kruess A,Tscharntke T

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasion of non-native annuals across the Intermountain West is causing a widespread transition from perennial sagebrush communities to fire-prone annual herbaceous communities and grasslands. To determine how this invasion affects ecosystem function, carbon and water fluxes were quantified in three, paired sagebrush ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Prater MR,Obrist D,Arnone JA 3rd,DeLucia EH

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A factorial design of clipping and compaction was used to study the responses of Schizachyrium scoparium and its mycorrhizal symbionts to these stresses. All treatment combinations significantly reduced the growth and biomass of plants relative to controls. Compaction significantly reduced tillering and crown expansio...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wallace LL

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Southern grasshopper mice (Onychomys torridus) were allowed to junt buried mealworms in a laboratory arena. The prey were arranged in two patterns, one aggregated and one relatively dispersed. Mice captured more prey from the dispersed treatment in the 2 h experiment, a result that can be attributed to both the greate...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Taylor RJ

更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed dispersal is an important ecosystem function, but it is contentious how structural and functional diversity of plant and bird communities are associated with seed-dispersal functions. We used structural equation models to test how structural (i.e., abundance, species richness) and functional diversity (i.e., func...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Quitián M,Santillán V,Espinosa CI,Homeier J,Böhning-Gaese K,Schleuning M,Neuschulz EL

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We document activity field temperatures, daily activity patterns, and extent of thermoregulation in four species of Liolaemus lizards inhabiting at high altitude (above 3500 m) in the Andes of northern Chile. These four species have similar activity field temperature (Tb near 29°C) despite their being distributed at d...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Marquet PA,Ortíz JC,Bozinovié F,Jaksié FM

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The size of forest fragments, the use of land bordering fragments, and the distance of nests from an edge all affect the frequency of predation upon bird nests in Maine (USA), an area where the forest has been fragmented by roads, but not significantly reduced in area. We placed artificial nests containing quail eggs ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Small MF,Hunter ML

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The predator Amoeba proteus induced behavioural and morphological changes in ciliates of the genus Euplotes. The frequency of avoidance behaviour in E. octocarinatus increased from 16±5% to 84±5% (SD) after 14 h of coexistence with the predator. The ciliate's width increased from 59±3 μm to 77±4 μm (SDM) within 48 h. ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Kusch J

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tadpoles of two anuran species, Rana sylvatica and Xenopus laevis, were fed various concentrations of two algae, Anabaena sphaerica (large filaments) and Chlorella pyrenoidosa (small unicells). Filtering rates were measured indirectly with a Coulter Counter system; buccal pumping rates were observed directly.Exper...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Seale DB,Wassersug RJ

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies with Nasutitermes and Rhynchotermes (Isoptera, Nasutitermitinae) in a Costa Rican rainforest suggest that nitrogen fixation by gut symbionts may play a significant role in termite nutrition. Leaf-litter feeders ingest more and fix less nitrogen than do wood-litter feeders; both species feed preferentially on N...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Prestwich GD,Bentley BL,Carpenter EJ

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Germination characteristics and frost tolerance of seedlings are crucial parameters for establishment and invasion success of plants. The characterization of differences between populations in native and invasive ranges may improve our understanding of range expansion and adaptation. Here, we investigated germination ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Leiblein-Wild MC,Kaviani R,Tackenberg O

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After herbivore attack, plants launch a suite of direct and indirect defense responses that must be coordinated if plants are to realize a fitness benefit from these responses. Here we characterize the volatile emissions in the native tobacco plant, Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex Wats., that are elicited by tobacco horn...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Halitschke R,Keßler A,Kahl J,Lorenz A,Baldwin IT

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seasonal excavations of ramet systems in overlapping natural populations of Typha latifolia and T. angustifolia revealed intrapopulation variation in ramet size and reproduction. Reproductive "states" were recognized based on whether or not a ramet had flowered and the number of offspring ramets it possessed. As the g...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Grace JB,Wetzel RG

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Global atmospheric CO2 is increasing at a rate of 1.5-2 ppm per year and is predicted to double by the end of the next century. Understanding how terrestrial ecosystems will respond in this changing environment is an important goal of current research. Here we present results from a field study of elevated CO2 in a Ca...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Jackson RB,Sala OE,Field CB,Mooney HA

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated seasonality of gender differences in the patterns of flea infestation in nine rodent species to test if sex-biased parasitism in terms of mean abundance, species richness, prevalence and the level of aggregation (a) varies among hosts and between seasons, and (b) is linked to sexual size dimorphism. Se...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Krasnov BR,Morand S,Hawlena H,Khokhlova IS,Shenbrot GI

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study presents novel evidence that 15N natural abundance can be used as a robust indicator to detect pollutant nitrogen in natural plant communities. Vegetation from the heavily polluted industrial area of Cubatão in São Paulo State, SE Brazil, was strongly 15N depleted compared to plants at remote sites. Histori...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Stewart GR,Aidar MP,Joly CA,Schmidt S

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper gives the first reports on aphid effects on rhizosphere organisms as influenced by soil nutrient status and plant development. Barley plants grown in pots fertilized with N but without P (N), with N and P (NP), or not fertilized (0) were sampled in the early growth phase (day 25), 1 week before and 1 week a...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Vestergård M,Bjørnlund L,Christensen S

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple studies have examined the effects of clouds on shoot and canopy-level microclimate and physiological processes; none have yet done so on the scale of individual plant crowns. We compared incident photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), leaf temperatures, chlorophyll fluorescence, and photosynthetic gas exc...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hernandez-Moreno JM,Bayeur NM,Coley HD 4th,Hughes NM

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Principal and reduced major axes, and Bulmer's (1975) tests have been suggested as methods for detecting the presence of density dependence in a series of population censuses that are unsuitable for analysis by alternative means e.g. by k-factor analysis. These alternative methods are tested using census data, some of...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Gaston KJ,Lawton JH

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined the extreme longevity displayed by trees in relation to a theory mainly developed in animals, namely, the controversial rate of living (ROL) theory of aging which proposes that longevity is negatively correlated to metabolic rate. Plant metabolism implies respiration and photosynthesis; both are susce...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Issartel J,Coiffard C

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00