Quantitative studies of mitoses in fetal rat brain: orientations of the spindles.

abstract：:Huntington׳s Disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by expanded polyglutamine repeats in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene. While the gene was identified over two decades ago, it remains poorly understood why mutant HTT (mtHTT) is initially toxic to striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs). Models of HD using n...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Mattis VB,Svendsen CN

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamate is a major neurotransmitter in the CNS. Its release activates NMDA and non-NMDA receptors on the postsynaptic membrane. NMDA receptor activation is shown to be important in physiological and pathological events. The modulatory sites on the NMDA receptor-channel ionophore complex are important in the regulati...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Saybasili H

更新日期：1998-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously used organotypic cultures to study mechanisms regulating phenotypic expression of neurotransmitter characters in the brain. Our previous work indicated that nerve growth factor (NGF) specifically increased the activity of choline acetyltransferase (CAT) in striatal cholinergic interneurons. In the p...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Martínez HJ,Dreyfus CF,Jonakait GM,Black IB

更新日期：1987-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the living rat brain to longitudinally analyze the ontogenesis of an ibotenic acid lesion targeted at the piriform cortex. The MRI data were systematically compared with data obtained from a battery of histopathological techniques, including Nissl stain, hematoxylin sta...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ben-Horin N,Hazvi S,Bendel P,Schul R

更新日期：1996-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantitative autoradiographic analysis was used to identify regions in the brain of the male primate where androgen binding sites may be involved in the actions of testosterone. Three days after castration, adult male rhesus monkeys received a subcutaneous injection of either dihydrotestosterone propionate (DHTP, 20 m...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Michael RP,Rees HD,Bonsall RW

更新日期：1989-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a hypothalamic peptide that affects anterior pituitary cell function. This study examined the effects of PACAP on prolactin (PRL) release in vivo and on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons in vivo and in vitro. In o...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Arbogast LA,Voogt JL

更新日期：1994-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Ginseng is one of most extensively used traditional oriental medicines worldwide with beneficial efficacy on cognitive function disorders. Pharmacological researches on its active ingredient--ginsenoside Rg1 revealed that it can improve learning and memory potentially via modulating neurotransmission in the central ne...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Liu ZJ,Zhao M,Zhang Y,Xue JF,Chen NH

更新日期：2010-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous electrophysiological experiments have shown that brain noradrenaline neurons in the locus ceruleus are activated by thermal cutaneous stimuli. In the present study a putative involvement of excitatory amino acids (EAA) in cutaneous LC activation was analyzed. Intraventricular administration of kynurenic acid ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Hajós M,Engberg G

更新日期：1990-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoradiographic techniques were used to test if positive modulators of AMPA-type glutamate receptors have regionally differentiated effects on ligand binding. Cyclothiazide, a drug with ten fold greater effects on 'flip' than 'flop' splice variants of the receptors, had unequal effects across the subdivisions of hipp...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kessler M,Mutneja MS,Rogers G,Lynch G

更新日期：1998-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Pretreatment with scopolamine, 3 mg/kg, prevented the acquisition of a passive avoidance task in rats. These amnesic effects of scopolamine could largely be overcome by treatment with 100 mg/kg of the nootropic drug piracetam. In order to identify the brain structures involved, the effects of these drugs on regional e...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Piercey MF,Vogelsang GD,Franklin SR,Tang AH

更新日期：1987-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The newly identified neuropeptide nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC) was measured in different rat brain areas related to the descending anti-nociceptive pathways and compared to two opioid peptides, dynorphin B (DYN B) and Met-enkephalinArgPhe (MEAP). Two experimental models of chronic nociception, one neurogenic and one i...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Rosén A,Lundeberg T,Bytner B,Nylander I

更新日期：2000-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligodendrocytes (OLs), the predominant cell type found in cerebral white matter, are essential for structural integrity and proper neural signaling. Very little is known concerning stroke-induced OL dysfunction. Our laboratory has shown that infusion of human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) cells protects striatal white ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Rowe DD,Leonardo CC,Hall AA,Shahaduzzaman MD,Collier LA,Willing AE,Pennypacker KR

更新日期：2010-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:c-Fos protein is a nuclear protein coded by c-fos proto-oncogene subsequent to synaptic activation of the neurons. We used immunohistochemical methods to visualize the expression of c-Fos protein in myenteric neurons of the guinea pig distal colon and examined the effects of the extrinsic autonomic inputs on the enter...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yuyama N,Mizuno J,Tsuzuki H,Wada-Takahashi S,Takahashi O,Tamura K

更新日期：2002-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The spatial and temporal pattern of expression of the protein products of immediate early genes (IEGs) c-fos, fos B, and egr-1 were mapped in medial preoptic area (MPOA) and ventral bed nucleus of stria terminalis (VBST) during maternal behavior in rats. Immunocytochemical analysis indicated significant increases in t...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Numan M,Numan MJ,Marzella SR,Palumbo A

更新日期：1998-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:In pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, responses of single neurons in ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) to noxious visceral (colorectal distension, CRD) and cutaneous stimulation were recorded. Of 71 neurons identified on the basis of spontaneous activity, 44 responded to CRD. CRD caused inhibition of neuronal activity ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Follett KA,Dirks B

更新日期：1995-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinins, a special class of polypeptides, are represented by bradykinin (BK), kallidin (Lys-BK), as well as their metabolites. The biological actions of these polypeptides binding on their receptors (B1 and B2) have been related to inflammation process, cytokines action, glutamate release and prostaglandins production....

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Argañaraz GA,Silva JA Jr,Perosa SR,Pessoa LG,Carvalho FF,Bascands JL,Bader M,da Silva Trindade E,Amado D,Cavalheiro EA,Pesquero JB,da Graça Naffah-Mazzacoratti M

更新日期：2004-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Although dendritic release was first proposed in the 1970s, the mechanism of release is still subject to debate. We have used in vivo microdialysis to study the acute effects of botulinum toxin A, B and tetanus toxin injected in the substantia nigra or striatum of freely moving rats. Spontaneous and evoked dopamine re...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Bergquist F,Niazi HS,Nissbrandt H

更新日期：2002-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies we performed on the mdx mouse demonstrated marked central nervous system alterations in this model of human Duchenne muscular dystrophy, such as reduction in number and pathological changes of cortico-spinal neurons. Prompted by these findings we extended the survey of the mdx brain to the major brain...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Carretta D,Santarelli M,Vanni D,Carrai R,Sbriccoli A,Pinto F,Minciacchi D

更新日期：2001-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of chronic ethanol administration on the density of basket cells in the dentate gyrus of mice selectively bred for their sensitivity to acute ethanol exposure (long-sleep, LS and short-sleep, SS) was assessed in two experiments. In addition, the effect of chronic ethanol on the density of dentate granule ce...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Scheetz AJ,Markham JA,Fifková E

更新日期：1988-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Diphtheria toxin (DTX) kills cells by inactivating ribosomal translocation and when used to retrogradely intoxicate cat intercostal motoneurones produces marked morphological alterations in Nissl bodies, including those specifically sited postsynaptic to C-type axon terminals. Here, qualitative examinations of 'intoxi...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Pullen AH

更新日期：1990-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain edema is a serious consequence of hemispheric stroke and traumatic brain injury and contributes significantly to patient mortality. In the present study, we measured water contents in hippocampal slices as an in vitro model of edema formation. Excitotoxic conditions induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA, 300 mic...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kumar V,Naik RS,Hillert M,Klein J

更新日期：2006-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Our recent researches have identified increased expression of miR-21-5p in rats brain following traumatic brain injury (TBI), which protected against blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. To further study the mechanism underlying the role of miR-21-5p on alleviating BBB damage after TBI, we performed the scratch injury mo...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ge X,Huang S,Gao H,Han Z,Chen F,Zhang S,Wang Z,Kang C,Jiang R,Yue S,Lei P,Zhang J

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It was previously proposed that norepinephrine (NE)-containing nerve terminals in visual cortex are important for the maintenance of cortical plasticity. Observations at that time indicated that local microperfusion of exogenous NE for 1 week directly into kitten visual cortex, with no alteration of the visual environ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kuppermann BD,Kasamatsu T

更新日期：1984-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurogenesis might influence oligodendrogenesis and selectively instruct myelination in the mammalian brain. Running exercise could induce neurogenesis and protect the myelin sheaths in the dentate gyrus of AD mice. It is unclear whether running exercise can protect myelin sheaths in the absence of neurogenesis in the...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Chao FL,Zhang L,Zhang Y,Zhou CN,Jiang L,Xiao Q,Luo YM,Lv FL,He Q,Tang Y

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human subjects were asked to perform sinusoidal tracking movements (0.5--3.0 Hz) with their forearms while external torque disturbances were applied at the elbow. The changes in angular position, velocity, and acceleration produced by these disturbances were found to be represented in the reflex changes in EMG activit...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Dufresne JR,Soechting JF,Terzuolo CA

更新日期：1980-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The present report summarizes the results obtained in previous experiments in which the responses to lateral tilt of both reticulocerebellar neurons located in the lateral reticular nucleus (NRL) and ascending spinoreticular tract axons, located in the lateral funiculi of the cervical segments C2-C3, had been recorded...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Pompeiano O

更新日期：1975-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The release of octopamine and proctolin from the oviduct visceral muscles of the locust, Locusta migratoria, has been investigated. Salines containing elevated potassium concentrations (100 mM) were capable of releasing both octopamine and proctolin, although the proportion of the total store of octopamine released (1...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Orchard I,Lange AB

更新日期：1987-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Parvalbumin (PV)-immunoreactive neurons in rat neostriatum were studied under light and electron microscopes. A small number of neurons in the striatum were immunoreactive for PV (a Ca-binding protein). Most of them were also strongly immunoreactive for glutamate decarboxylase but were negative for NADPH-diaphorase ac...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kita H,Kosaka T,Heizmann CW

更新日期：1990-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Brainstem noradrenergic neurons located in the A5, A6, and A7 catecholamine cell groups provide the entire noradrenergic innervation of the spinal cord. We have previously demonstrated that noradrenergic neurons in the A6 and A7 cell groups innervate the ventral and dorsal horns, respectively. Since the specific spina...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Clark FM,Proudfit HK

更新日期：1993-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of cerebellar [3H]flunitrazepam binding sites was studied autoradiographically in Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd/pcd), weaver (wv/wv), staggerer (sg/sg) and reeler (rl/rl) mutant mice. In the normal 78-day-old C57BL/6J mouse cerebellum, the highest concentration of [3H]flunitrazepam binding sites was...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Rotter A,Frostholm A

更新日期：1988-03-15 00:00:00