Abstract：
:In this investigation, we characterize the embryonic and adult actins and describe the embryonic expression of a muscle actin in the ascidian Styela. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that embryos, tadpole larvae, and adult organs contain three major and two minor isoforms of actin. Two of the major isoforms, which are present in the mantle, branchial sac, alimentary tract, and gonads of adults and in eggs, embryos, and heads and tails of tadpoles, are likely to be cytoplasmic actins. The third major isoform, which was enriched in the mantle and branchial sac of adults and localized primarily in the tails of tadpoles, is a muscle actin. The muscle actin isoform was not detected in eggs and early embryos. Radioactivity incorporation studies showed that the cytoplasmic actins were synthesized throughout early development, but muscle actin synthesis was first detected between the 16- and 64-cell stages, 2-3 hr after fertilization. Two lines of evidence indicate that embryonic muscle actin synthesis is directed in part by maternal mRNA. First, poly(A)+ RNA isolated from unfertilized eggs directed the synthesis of muscle actin in an mRNA-dependent reticulocyte lysate. Second, muscle actin was synthesized in anucleate egg fragments. Arguments are also presented that muscle actin synthesis is not directed exclusively by maternal mRNA. It is concluded that embryonic and adult Styela exhibit actin heterogeneity, that one of the actin isoforms is a muscle actin, and that the muscle actin is synthesized during embryogenesis under the direction of maternal and zygotic mRNA.
journal_name
Dev Bioljournal_title
Developmental biologyauthors
Tomlinson CR,Bates WR,Jeffery WRdoi
10.1016/0012-1606(87)90404-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-10-01 00:00:00pages
470-82issue
2eissn
0012-1606issn
1095-564Xpii
0012-1606(87)90404-0journal_volume
123pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:NK-2-class homeobox genes have been identified in a variety of metazoans, from sponges to arthropods and vertebrates, and have been shown to play roles in a variety of cell and tissue specifications. Here we describe the characterization of the NK-2 homolog CnNK-2 from Hydra vulgaris, a freshwater cnidarian. CnNK-2 ex...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1996.0321
更新日期：1996-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We cloned Xenopus Strabismus (Xstbm), a homologue of the Drosophila planar cell or tissue polarity gene. Xstbm encodes four transmembrane domains in its N-terminal half and a PDZ-binding motif in its C-terminal region, a structure similar to Drosophila and mouse homologues. Xstbm is expressed strongly in the deep cell...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.2002.0673
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have analyzed several aspects of the development of flies carrying mutations at the Glued locus. Optic lobe abnormalities in individuals heterozygous for the original Glued allele were previously shown to result from an action of this mutation in the retinula cells. We have estimated when the functioning of this ge...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(83)90256-7
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genetic and developmental bases for trait expression and variation in adults are largely unknown. One system in which genes and cell behaviors underlying adult traits can be elucidated is the larval-to-adult transformation of zebrafish, Danio rerio. Metamorphosis in this and many other teleost fishes resembles amp...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0012-1606(03)00015-0
更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Mouse embryo limb cells carrying either the brachypodism (bpH/bpH) mutation or its wild-type (+/+) allele were tested for their ability to accumulate cyclic AMP in response to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) between Embryonic Days E12 and E14. Mutant cells exhibited a precocious increase in cyclic AMP. In the absence of PGE2 ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(90)90372-p
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using optical imaging assays, we investigated the dynamics of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at laminin-associated clusters on cultured myotubes in the absence or presence of the nerve-derived clustering factor, agrin. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) on fluorescent bungarotoxin-labeled recepto...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.09.041
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell proliferation, growth and survival are three different basic processes which converge at determining a fundamental property -the size of an organism. Scalloped (Sd) is the first characterised transcriptional partner to Yorkie (Yki), the downstream effector of the Hippo pathway which is a highly potential and evol...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.10.016
更新日期：2017-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In Drosophila, wing hairs are aligned in a distally oriented, parallel array. The frizzled pathway determines proximal-distal cell polarity in the wing; however, in frizzled pathway mutants, wing hairs remain parallel. How wing hairs align has not been determined. We have demonstrated a novel role for the septate junc...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.07.040
更新日期：2004-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are of major importance during development to direct correct differentiation and morphogenesis of embryonic tissues. One subset of lateral mesoderm-derived mesenchymal cells will form the smooth muscle (SM) layer of the primary epithelial lining of hollow internal organs. It has bee...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1994.1207
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fertilized eggs of the leech Helobdella triserialis undergo a cytoplasmic reorganization which generates domains of nonyolky cytoplasm, called teloplasm, at the animal and vegetal poles. The segregation of teloplasm to one cell of the eight-cell embryo is responsible for a unique developmental fate of that cell, i.e.,...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(89)90181-4
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pluripotent stem cells, termed embryonic germ (EG) cells, have been generated from both human and mouse primordial germ cells (PGCs). Like embryonic stem (ES) cells, EG cells have the potential to differentiate into all germ layer derivatives and may also be important for any future clinical applications. The developm...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.11.007
更新日期：2008-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a natural curiosity about how organisms give rise to offspring like themselves through a series of reproducible developmental events and how, once mature, these offspring mate and continue the process giving rise the next generation. In the mid-1800s investigators started using gametes and embryos to explore ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.06.021
更新日期：2011-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic interactions regulating intermediate stages of tubulogenesis in the developing kidney have been difficult to define. A systems biology strategy using microarray was combined with in vitro/ex vivo and genetic approaches to identify pathways regulating specific stages of tubulogenesis. Analysis of the progressio...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.01.014
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Drosophila boule gene is expressed exclusively in the male germline and encodes an RNA binding protein closely related to the mammalian fertility factors encoded by the DAZ (Deleted in Azoospermia) and DAZL (DAZ-like) genes. Mutation of boule blocks both meiotic divisions. Differentiation nonetheless continues, re...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1998.9098
更新日期：1998-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:I report on the synthesis of fibronectin in the developing chick Müllerian duct mesenchymal cells. Before the differentiation of female chick Müllerian duct, the amount of fibronectin in the cells of the right duct is 44% lower than in the left duct. While after differentiation, the amount of fibronectin in the right ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(90)90047-m
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transition from maternal to zygotic gene expression in the mouse occurs in the 2-cell embryo. Previous studies in which DNA was injected into 2-cell embryos revealed that transcription promoters and origins of DNA replication are strongly repressed in cleavage stage embryos unless linked to an embryo-responsive en...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1995.1160
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Hydra long-range interactions between head, bud, and foot formation take place in addition to short-range interactions which are recognized as induction phenomena, occurring when transplants are placed into an environment of disparate positional value. Here the long-range promotion of foot formation is analyzed. Th...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1995.1015
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidermal growth factor (EGF) expression and branching morphogenesis were inhibited using a 5' 15-mer antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) directed against EGF precursor mRNA in embryonic mouse lung in culture under chemically defined, serumless conditions. Antisense EGF ODN resulted in > 90% inhibition of EGF immunor...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1993.1213
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies in sea urchin embryos have demonstrated that nuclearization of beta-catenin is essential for initial steps in the specification of endoderm and mesenchyme, which are derived from vegetal blastomeres. This process begins at the 4th and extends through the 9th cleavage stage, an interval in which the Sp...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0012-1606(03)00331-2
更新日期：2003-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:FbxA is a novel member of a family of proteins that contain an F-box and WD40 repeats and that target specific proteins for degradation via proteasomes. In fruiting bodies formed from cells where the fbxA gene is disrupted (fbxA(-) cells), the spore mass fails to fully ascend the stalk. In addition, fbxA(-) slugs cont...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.2000.9793
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diaphragm is a mammalian skeletal muscle essential for respiration and for separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Development of the diaphragm requires the coordinated development of muscle, muscle connective tissue, tendon, nerves, and vasculature that derive from different embryonic sources. However, de...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.04.010
更新日期：2018-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The vertebrate pituitary gland is a key endocrine control organ that contains six distinct hormone secreting cell types. In this study, we analyzed the role of direct cell-to-cell Delta-Notch signaling in zebrafish anterior pituitary cell type specification. We demonstrate that initial formation of the anterior pituit...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.04.019
更新日期：2008-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Embryonic organizers are signaling centers that coordinate developmental events within an embryo. Localized to either an individual cell or group of cells, embryonic organizing activity induces the specification of other cells in the embryo and can influence formation of body axes. In the spiralian Capitella teleta, p...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.01.004
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This work has identified the enzymes involved in the activation and conjugation of the ubiquitin-like protein NED-8 in Caenorhabditis elegans. A C. elegans conjugating enzyme, UBC-12, is highly specific in its ability to utilize NED-8 as a substrate. Immunostaining shows that NED-8 is conjugated in vivo to a major tar...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.2000.9847
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How natural variation in embryo size affects patterning of the Drosophila embryo dorsal-ventral (DV) axis is not known. Here we examined quantitatively the relationship between nuclear distribution of the Dorsal transcription factor, boundary positions for several target genes, and DV axis length. Data were obtained f...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.06.020
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The colonial tunicate Botrylloides leachi can regenerate functional adults from minute vasculature fragments, in a poorly understood phenomenon termed Whole Body Regeneration (WBR). Using Piwi expression (Bl-Piwi), blood cell labeling and electron microscopy, we show that WBR develops through activation, mobilization ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.05.500
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This first study of the onset of spermatogenesis in the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, was undertaken using individuals reared in the laboratory. Spermatogenesis commences about 11-12 months after metamorphosis in these animals. Bindin message accumulates in late spermatocytes and early spermatids which li...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(90)90149-d
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current picture of embryonic development in nematodes is essentially shaped by Caenorhabditis elegans and its close relatives. As their pattern of embryogenesis is rather similar, it is often considered to be representative for the taxon Nematoda as a whole. Here we give for the first time a comprehensive descript...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.06.009
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HP1 proteins are essential components of heterochromatin and contribute to the transcriptional repression of euchromatic genes. Although most species contain more than one HP1 family member which differ in their chromosomal distribution, it is not known to what extent the activity of these different family members is ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.06.039
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and depolarization, two environmental signals that influence noradrenergic and cholinergic function, on neuropeptide expression by cultured sympathetic neurons. Sciatic nerve extract, a rich source of CNTF, increased levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(92)90242-9
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
