Abstract:
:What is the meaning of these findings to the practicing chest physician? First, leukotrienes are potent airway constrictors; they are capable of reproducing the type of airway constriction observed in asthma. The role of leukotrienes in this regard has yet to be established, but experiments to test the importance of these agents in this setting are likely to be performed soon. Specifically, several leukotriene receptor antagonists or synthesis inhibitors have been identified and may provide the tools needed to test this crucial hypothesis. Second, the leukotrienes are unique bronchoactive agents in that the degree of hyperresponsiveness between normal and asthmatic subjects varies markedly with the bronchoconstrictor index used to assess response. When one compares normal subjects to asthmatic subjects, there is substantial overlap in leukotriene sensitivity among groups when V30-P is used as the bronchoconstrictor index. However, when the FEV1 is used as the bronchoconstrictor index, there is little overlap in sensitivity between normal and asthmatic subjects, and the separation between the two groups is even more clearly made than it is with histamine or methacholine challenge. Thus, LTD4 inhalation challenge may replace the histamine and methacholine challenges in the diagnosis of cryptic shortness of breath. Third, the differential sensitivity of various bronchoconstrictor indices in both normal and asthmatic subjects when leukotrienes are used may provide clues as to the locus of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma. Thus, leukotrienes hold the promise of new ways to treat and diagnose asthma, as well as providing new insights into the pathobiology of the disease itself.
journal_name
Chestjournal_title
Chestauthors
Drazen JMdoi
10.1378/chest.89.3.414subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-03-01 00:00:00pages
414-9issue
3eissn
0012-3692issn
1931-3543pii
S0012-3692(16)61893-7journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
CHEST文献大全abstract::Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity (SACE) and lysozyme activity were measured in a group of 40 underground coal miners and two control groups, 20 subjects with sarcoidosis and 15 normal non-dust-exposed volunteers. The miners were grouped first according to whether they had recent exposure (still actively mi...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.100.4.1042
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urticaria with systemic effects occurred in a patient being treated with propranolol and was reproducible upon rechallenge with the drug; Successful beta-adrenergic blocking therapy was achieved using a new agent, tolamolol, with no evidence of any adverse effects. ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.67.4.496
更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine whether standard clinical and transthoracic echocardiographic criteria considered to be suggestive of the presence of endocarditis-associated paravalvular abscess are predictive of which patients would benefit from reliable but invasive transesophageal echocardiographic investigations for a...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.107.4.898
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the administration of ouabain on the peak negative left ventriculat (LV) dP/dt were studied in 14 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Prior to administration of ouabain, negative LV dP/at was lower than previously reported for patients without coronary arterial disease. One hour after administrat...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.70.2.259
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The literature on preoperative smoking cessation indicates that smoking patients are more likely to have postoperative complications. However, the economic implications of such complications are unclear. In particular, the balance between the cost of a preoperative intervention for smoking cessation (PISC) a...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-0897
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simple biopsy resection through the rigid bronchoscope has been described in the past. We successfully performed such resection through a flexible bronchoscope in six patients with symptomatic and relatively less vascular lesions without complications. In selected patients simple biopsy resection of endobronchial lesi...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.91.5.774
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:IV fluid represents a basic therapeutic intervention for septic shock. Unfortunately, the optimal administration of IV fluid to maximize patient outcomes and prevent complications is largely unknown. METHODS:Patients with septic shock admitted to the medical ICUs of Barnes-Jewish Hospital (January to Decemb...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1378/chest.15-1525
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Patients presenting with acute pulmonary embolism associated with hemodynamic compromise exhibit right ventricular enlargement and dysfunction on transthoracic echocardiogram. However, the degree of echocardiographic abnormalities among hemodynamically stable patients without preexisting cardiopul...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.113.3.665
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In pulmonary sarcoidosis, the optimal means of quantifying change is uncertain. The comparative usefulness of simple lung function trends and chest radiography remains unclear. We aimed to explore and contrast the disease-monitoring strategies of serial pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and chest radiography c...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.12-2479
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to determine if the hemosiderin content of BAL macrophages allows us to draw any differential diagnostic conclusions in a variety of lung diseases. PATIENTS AND STUDY DESIGN:One hundred one patients who underwent BAL for different diagnostic reasons were studied prospectively. MAIN R...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.102.6.1794
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty-eight children with known asthma (ranging in age from 2 to 16 years) were studied during an acute attack. Each received either terbutaline or epinephrine subcutaneously in a random double-blind fashion. Measurement of heart rate, respiratory rate, and systemic arterial systolic and diastolic blood pressures and ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1378/chest.72.5.614
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have observed five patients for whom the presence of fibers of elastin in potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparations of sputum represented the first evidence of necrotizing pulmonary disease. In four cases, the discovery of elastin fibers in sputum provided additional evidence supporting initiation or modification of a...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.83.6.885
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Portable monitoring is a convenient means for diagnosing sleep apnea. However, data on whether one night of monitoring is sufficiently precise for the diagnosis of sleep apnea are limited. RESEARCH QUESTION:The current study sought to determine the variability and misclassification in disease severity over ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chest.2020.01.039
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To determine the usefulness of radioaerosol ventilation scans for the detection and localization of air leaks from the lungs or bronchial tree. DESIGN:Selected patients with suspected air leaks underwent ventilation scans. Retrospective analysis of data was carried out. SETTING AND PATIENTS:Twenty-ei...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.111.2.286
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During noninvasive ventilation, nonintentional leaks have a detrimental effect on the efficacy of ventilation. A wide range of industrial masks are available, with intentional leaks of different importance. The potential impact of this variability in intentional leaks on performances of bilevel ventilators h...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-1340
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Cognitive impairment increases with age, as do many serious illnesses requiring intensive care. Little is known, however, about physician recognition of preexisting cognitive impairment in the ICU and which patient factors may play a role in physician recognition. DESIGN:Cross-sectional comparative study. ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.124.6.2267
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:Black smokers have been reported to have higher serum cotinine levels than do white smokers, and have higher rates of most smoking-related diseases, despite smoking fewer cigarettes per day. Another striking racial difference is the preference for mentholated cigarettes among black smokers. The contrib...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.110.5.1194
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of standard medical therapy (ST) and noninvasive mechanical ventilation additional to standard medical therapy in hypercapnic acute respiratory failure (HARF). DESIGN:Single center, prospective, randomized, controlled study. SETTING:Pulmonary medicine directed critical care uni...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1378/chest.114.6.1636
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the Ca2+ movements in smooth muscle cells at rest and during activation and relaxation as deduced from transplasmalemmal Ca2+ fluxes and contractile respnses. The general picture which emerges is: the resting cell has a [Ca2+]cyt below 10(-7) M and large gradients are poised across both the cell membrane a...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.78.1_supplement.157
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and usually fatal disease, based on a multifaceted and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Some of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of vascular remodeling have been experimentally explored, and it is obvious that alterations of microvessels are invo...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.11-1962
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An unusual case of arteriovenous communication between the left inferior epigastric artery, a branch of the femoral artery, and the superior vena cava is presented. The communication caused a continuous murmur at the lower parasternal area and was responsible for a significant left-to-right shunt. Surgical treatment, ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.74.2.226
更新日期:1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac toxicity is a major complication which limits the use of adriamycin as a chemotherapeutic agent. Cardiomyopathy is frequent when the total dose exceeds 600 mg/m2 and occurs within one to six months after cessation of therapy. A patient is reported who developed progressive cardiomyopathy two and one-half years...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.78.6.880
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To gain more knowledge of changes in main pulmonary artery flow and right ventricular mass and volumes in patients with pulmonary hypertension during epoprostenol therapy. METHODS:Eleven patients (9 women) were evaluated before the start of therapy and every 4 months thereafter. Right and left ventricular v...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.125.2.572
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) is being evaluated in the treatment of emphysema. The proposed mechanisms of improvement are increased elastic recoil of the lung and improved mechanical efficiency of the muscles of respiration. We report a unique patient with emphysema who developed a giant bulla 3 years subseque...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.116.6.1809
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, the systemic and coronary hemodynamic changes associated with the administration of diltiazem, a recent calcium antagonist, were evaluated in three different situations as follows: following a 200 microgram/kg intravenous bolus of the drug in 12 open-chest anesthetized dogs; following two successive int...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.78.1_supplement.224
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart rate and the variability of the heart rate, indices of autonomic control, were studied during sleep in an infant with prolonged Q-T interval (Romano-Ward syndrome) and were compared to the heart rate and variability of heart rate in 18 normal infants studied at monthly intervals during the first four months of l...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.84.2.191
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of deep lung insufflations on maximum insufflation capacities (MICs) and peak cough flows (PCFs) for patients with neuromuscular disease. METHOD:Forty-three patients with neuromuscular disease were trained in stacking delivered volumes of air to deep lung insufflation and were presc...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.118.1.61
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the value of pleural fluid neuron-specific enolase as a possible diagnostic marker for pleurisy of small cell lung cancer by using enzyme immunoassay. Pleural fluid NSE levels in 12 patients with carcinomatous pleurisy due to small cell lung cancer were compared with those in 37 patients with carcinomatous ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.95.3.602
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum levels of a high molecular weight circulating antigen KL-6, detected by means of a sandwich assay using a monoclonal antibody KL-6 against a sialylated carbohydrate antigen, were evaluated for usefulness in monitoring the activity of interstitial pneumonitis. Abnormally high levels of KL-6 antigen were observed ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.96.1.68
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary sequestration is a congenital anomaly resulting in nonfunctioning lung tissue in either the "extralobar" or "intralobar" position. Both forms derive their blood supply from the systemic circulation. Large pulmonary sequestrations can present in the newborn with potentially fatal respiratory distress. Surgica...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.97.1.244
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00