Abstract:
:We compared the efficacy of orally administered ampicillin, 2 g/d, with that of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 320 mg/d-1600 mg/d, given for 2 or 6 weeks for outpatient management of acute uncomplicated renal infection in women. Of 98 women participating in the trial, 60 had renal infections with susceptible strains, complied with drug therapy, and completed 6 weeks of follow-up. Before treatment, 39 women had symptoms and signs of acute pyelonephritis; 21 had symptoms of cystitis but positive tests for antibody-coated bacteria. All 60 women had alleviation of symptoms and resolution of bacteriuria after 7 days of therapy. Subsequent recurrences occurred in 12 of 27 women given ampicillin, compared with 4 of 33 given trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (p = 0.008). Serotyping showed that most recurrences were reinfections with ampicillin-resistant strains. With each drug, a 2-week regimen of therapy proved as efficacious as a 6-week regimen, but the longer regimen was less well tolerated. We conclude that a 2-week treatment regimen is sufficient to manage acute pyelonephritis in outpatients and that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is preferable to ampicillin therapy.
journal_name
Ann Intern Medjournal_title
Annals of internal medicineauthors
Stamm WE,McKevitt M,Counts GWdoi
10.7326/0003-4819-106-3-341subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-03-01 00:00:00pages
341-5issue
3eissn
0003-4819issn
1539-3704journal_volume
106pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:BACKGROUND:The standard diagnostic approach in patients suspected of having pulmonary embolism starts with perfusion-ventilation lung scanning. If the resulting scan is not diagnostic, pulmonary angiography should be done. The use of tests for deep venous thrombosis has been advocated as an adjunct to establishing the ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-126-10-199705150-00005
更新日期:1997-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) affords novel insights into the mechanisms that regulate lymphocyte homeostasis and underlie the development of autoimmunity. This syndrome arises early in childhood in persons who inherit mutations in genes that mediate apoptosis, or programmed cell death. The timely...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 共识发展会议,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-130-7-199904060-00020
更新日期:1999-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::In deciding whether to undertake a dietary program to reduce serum cholesterol levels, a person must consider how much benefit to expect. We developed a model that assumes cholesterol reduction is effective and safe in reducing the risk for death from ischemic heart disease. In the model, we considered asymptomatic ad...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-106-4-605
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer is the major cancer killer of women in the United States. Recent advances in therapy promise more effective control of this illness. The development of hormone receptor analysis permits us to better understand the mechanisms of action of steroid and peptide hormones and increases the likelihood of using ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-86-6-784
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are associated with procedure-related complications, yet little is known about variation in complication rates among institutions that may suggest disparities in care quality. Objective:To assess institutional variation in risk-standardized complication ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M18-2810
更新日期:2019-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between oral contraceptives and death from thromboembolism shown by studies of vital statistics, and the contribution of cigarette smoking to these deaths are reviewed. In 1968 a British study showed that a slight increase in deaths from thromboembolism had occurred in young women, proportional to th...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1970-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Initial findings from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Sodium Trial demonstrated that reduction of sodium intake in two different diets decreased blood pressure in participants with and without hypertension. OBJECTIVE:To determine effects on blood pressure of reduced sodium intake and the ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-135-12-200112180-00005
更新日期:2001-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::We studied renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate during graded blood pressure reduction induced with sodium nitroprusside infusion in 16 hypertensive patients with atherosclerotic renovascular disease. Eight patients with unilateral disease tolerated pressure reduction from 205 +/- 9 (SE)/103 +/- 2 mm Hg to...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-3-308
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We isolated a high molecular weight antigen of the Legionnaires' disease (LD) bacterium by column chromatography. The antigen was composed of 35% carbohydrate, 2.6% protein, 1.8% phospholipid, and 1% 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate and was important in the host's antibody response because it inhibited the indirect immunofluore...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-90-4-638
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an era of increasing competition in medical care, critical pathway guidelines have emerged as one of the most popular new initiatives intended to reduce costs while maintaining or even improving the quality of care. Developed primarily for high-volume hospital diagnoses, critical pathways display goals for patients...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-123-12-199512150-00008
更新日期:1995-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Active-control noninferiority trials are being performed with increasing frequency when standard placebo-controlled trials are considered unethical. Three attributes are optimally required to establish noninferiority: 1) The treatment under consideration exhibits therapeutic noninferiority to the active control; 2) th...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-145-1-200607040-00011
更新日期:2006-07-04 00:00:00
abstract::Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis is prototypic of the immunologic glomerulonephritides. It most commonly follows streptococcal infection of the pharynx or skin. The diagnosis is usually not difficult when a nephritic clinical presentation (with such manifestations as hematuria, edema, and hypertension) is as...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-91-1-76
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plasma levels of leptin, the recently discovered satiety hormone, are associated with adiposity in humans. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether genetic factors or body fat distribution affect the association between leptin levels and obesity. PARTICIPANTS:23 healthy identical twin pairs (9 male pairs and 14 fema...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-126-1-199701010-00004
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The term "medical necessity" is used ubiquitously in health care, but its meaning and implementation vary substantially among providers, payers, and patients. This ambiguity has led some to suggest that cost-effectiveness be used as a basis for decision rules. This paper presents an analytical framework that is famili...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-126-2-199701150-00011
更新日期:1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Valid measurement of physician performance requires accurate identification of patients for whom a physician is responsible. Among all patients seen by a physician, some will be more strongly connected to their physician than others, but the effect of connectedness on measures of physician performance is not...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-5-200903030-00008
更新日期:2009-03-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Primary prevention of Alzheimer disease and other types of dementia (all-cause dementia) is an important public health goal. Evidence to date is insufficient to recommend any lifestyle change to prevent or delay the onset of dementia. OBJECTIVE:To assess the association between objectively measured midlife ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-158-3-201302050-00005
更新日期:2013-02-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Department of Health and Human Services recently called for public comment on human subjects research protections. OBJECTIVE:To assess variability in reviews across institutional review boards (IRBs) for a multisite, minimal-risk trial of financial incentives for evidence-based hypertension care and to ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-156-10-201205150-00011
更新日期:2012-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Meningitis caused by enteric gram-negative bacilli is relatively uncommon but is very difficult to treat despite susceptibility in vitro to many antimicrobics. A major problem appears to be poor entry of many drugs into the central nervous system. Moxalactam is an investigational cephalosporin that attains concentrati...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-95-3-302
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although some studies suggest that access to cardiac procedures may differ by sex, others have found no evidence of gender bias in cardiac care. OBJECTIVE:To study rates of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in men and women after cardiac catheterization....
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-10-200205210-00007
更新日期:2002-05-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Telaprevir (TVR) plus peginterferon-α2a (PEG-IFN-α2a) and ribavirin substantially increases treatment efficacy for genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection versus PEG-IFN-α2a-ribavirin alone. Its safety and efficacy in patients with HCV and HIV-1 are unknown. OBJECTIVE:To assess the safety and e...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-159-2-201307160-00654
更新日期:2013-07-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although clinicians avoid giving meropenem to patients with penicillin allergy because of potential cross-reactivity, the rate of cross-reactivity between penicillins and meropenem has not been prospectively determined. OBJECTIVE:To assess the tolerability of meropenem in patients with documented penicillin...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-146-4-200702200-00005
更新日期:2007-02-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Because psychological approaches are likely to produce sustained benefits without the risk for tolerance or adverse effects associated with pharmacologic approaches, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-i) is now commonly recommended as first-line treatment for chronic insomnia. PURPOSE:To determi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.7326/M14-2841
更新日期:2015-08-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oral sildenafil and intravenous epoprostenol have independently been shown to be effective in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of adding oral sildenafil to long-term intravenous epoprostenol in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. DESIGN:A 16-week...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-149-8-200810210-00004
更新日期:2008-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alleviating the problems faced by dying persons and their families has drawn substantial public attention, but little is known about the experience of dying. OBJECTIVE:To characterize the experience of dying from the perspective of surrogate decision makers, usually close family members (89%). DESIGN:Prosp...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-126-2-199701150-00001
更新日期:1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exercise stress testing in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms may cause enlargement or rupture of aneurysms. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the safety of treadmill exercise stress testing in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. DESIGN:Retrospective descriptive study. SETTING:Tertiary care center. PATIE...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00008
更新日期:1998-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A daily injection of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is often prescribed to women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), although evidence suggesting a benefit is questionable. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether LMWH increases ongoing pregnancy and live-birth rates in women with unexplained RPL. ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/M14-2062
更新日期:2015-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::Our review focuses on low density lipoprotein (LD lipoprotein) and very low density lipoprotein (VLD lipoprotein) in their roles as transporters of cholesterol and triglyceride and as factors contributing to premature arteriovascular disease. We describe the clinical manifestations of the common, primary hyperlipoprot...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-85-4-497
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the relations among esophageal dysfunction, gastroesophageal reflux, and lung involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis. DESIGN:Retrospective review of esophageal motility, esophageal pH, and pulmonary function data. SETTING:University hospital outpatient clinic and community. PATIENTS:3...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-121-1-199407010-00002
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) remain a leading cause of injury-related deaths in the United States. Primary seat belt laws allow vehicle occupants to be ticketed solely for not wearing seat belts, and secondary laws allow ticketing only for failure to wear seat belts in the setting of other violations. OBJEC...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M14-2368
更新日期:2015-08-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is an indolent but ultimately fatal disease. Because the natural history of CML varies and quality of life with CML may be excellent until shortly before death, deciding whether and when to pursue unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation is often difficult. OBJECTIVE:To...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-127-12-199712150-00005
更新日期:1997-12-15 00:00:00