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Nitric oxide stimulates embryonic somatotroph differentiation and growth hormone mRNA and protein expression through a cyclic guanosine monophosphate-independent mechanism.

Abstract：

:In the pituitary gland, NO is locally synthesized by gonadotroph and folliculo-stellate cells. Many reports have shown that NO can modulate the growth hormone (GH) secretion. However, its role on mice embryo GH regulation remains unclear. In addition, it is unknown whether the regulation is associated with the proliferation of pituitary cells. In this study, we have investigated the regulatory effects of NO on somatotroph differentiation, proliferation and GH mRNA and protein expression using primary cell cultures of mice fetal pituitaries (embryonic days 16.5, ED 16.5). Our results show that incubation of pituitary cells in the presence of sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 1mM), a NO donor, for 4.5h resulted in a significant increase in GH mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05) and the stimulation of SNP can be inhibited by hemoglobin, a NO scavenger. But the addition of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP; 3.0mM), the second messenger of multiple NO actions cannot influence GH mRNA and protein expression. The cyclic nucleotide cellular efflux pumps existed in the pituitary cells can transport the majority of de novo-produced cGMP and effectively block cGMP accumulation. For maintaining intracellular concentration of cGMP, probenecid (0.5mM), a blocker of cGMP efflux pump, combined with cGMP (3.0mM) was used to treat the pituitary cells. This also cannot influence GH mRNA and protein expression. In addition, the ratio of GH-positive cells is increased significantly after the stimulation of SNP (P<0.05). However, SNP cannot modulate the pituitary cell proliferation. From these results we conclude that NO can increase GH mRNA and protein expression in fetal pituitary cells and cGMP is not involved in this hormonal regulation. Stimulation of NO on the somatotroph differentiation does not occur due to pituitary cell proliferation.

journal_name

Tissue Cell

journal_title

Tissue & cell

authors

Chen HP,Zhang L,Xu BH,Kang LM,Yang SL,Zeng HH,Shi XY

doi

10.1016/j.tice.2008.09.002

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-04-01 00:00:00

pages

133-40

issue

eissn

0040-8166

issn

1532-3072

pii

S0040-8166(08)00083-9

journal_volume

pub_type

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Nitric oxide stimulates embryonic somatotroph differentiation and growth hormone mRNA and protein expression through a cyclic guanosine monophosphate-independent mechanism.