Is there evidence for synergy among air pollutants in causing health effects?

abstract：:A population of approximately 650 beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) inhabits a short segment of the St. Lawrence estuary (SLE). Over 17 years (1983-1999), we have examined 129 (or 49%) of 263 SLE beluga carcasses reported stranded. The major primary causes of death were respiratory and gastrointestinal infections with me...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Martineau D,Lemberger K,Dallaire A,Labelle P,Lipscomb TP,Michel P,Mikaelian I

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews the epidemiologic studies of the association of ischemic heart disease risk and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure from a spouse who smokes. Seventeen studies (nine cohort, eight case-control) comprising more than 485,000 lifelong nonsmokers and 7,345 coronary heart disease (CHD) events we...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Thun M,Henley J,Apicella L

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The mechanisms governing the correlation between exposure to ultrafine particles and the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease remain unknown. Ultrafine particles appear to cross the pulmonary epithelial barrier into the bloodstream, raising the possibility of direct contact with the vascular endothe...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Gojova A,Guo B,Kota RS,Rutledge JC,Kennedy IM,Barakat AI

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1998, the Helicobacter pylori [(13)C]urea breath test was offered to all school beginners (birth cohort 1991/1992) in the city of Leipzig and in Leipzig County, Germany, to determine the colonization prevalence and potential transmission pathways of the bacterium. A total of 3,347 school beginners participated in t...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Herbarth O,Krumbiegel P,Fritz GJ,Richter M,Schlink U,Müller DM,Richter T

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper concerns the testing for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and the estimation of gene frequency in the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) system. An extensive simulation study for both testing and estimation is given for investigating the performance of the projection method by Eguchi and Matsuura, which has a closed ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Matsuura M,Eguchi S

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over 250 adults and children were exposed to chlordane when the wooden building surfaces and soil around an apartment complex were sprayed in 1987. Two hundred-sixteen adults had neurobehavioral functions measured and completed questionnaires for symptom frequency, mood status, confounding factors, and medical, rheuma...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Kilburn KH,Thornton JC

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major goal of studying farmworkers is to better understand how their work environment, including exposure to pesticides, affects their health. Although a number of health conditions have been associated with pesticide exposure, clear linkages have yet to be made between exposure and health effects except in cases of...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： McCauley LA,Anger WK,Keifer M,Langley R,Robson MG,Rohlman D

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper examines recent risk assessments for benzene and observes a number of inconsistencies within the study and consistencies between studies that should effect the quantitative determination of the risk from benzene exposure. Comparisons across studies show that only acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is found to be ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Lamm SH,Walters AS,Wilson R,Byrd DM,Grunwald H

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Policy decisions regarding climate change mitigation are increasingly incorporating the beneficial and adverse health impacts of greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies. Studies of such co-benefits and co-harms involve modeling approaches requiring a range of analytic decisions that affect the model out...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Remais JV,Hess JJ,Ebi KL,Markandya A,Balbus JM,Wilkinson P,Haines A,Chalabi Z

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An association between human illness and exposure to Pfiesteria was first observed among laboratory personnel working with the microorganism. In 1997, in the setting of Pfiesteria activity on the Pocomoke River in Maryland, difficulties with learning and memory were epidemiologically associated with high-level exposur...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Morris JG Jr

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental pollution with the nephrotoxic metal cadmium is considered a potential health risk for the general population. In 1976 it was reported that the cadmium concentration in human kidney cortex in Sweden had increased in parallel with increasing levels in soil and grain during the twentieth century. Since the...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Friis L,Petersson L,Edling C

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Asians, Pacific Islanders, and Native Americans are a potentially high-risk group for dietary exposure to methylmercury through fish consumption. However, blood mercury levels in this group have not been identified in recent reports of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the y...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Hightower JM,O'Hare A,Hernandez GT

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organochlorines are persistent lipophilic compounds that accumulate in Inuit people living in circumpolar countries. Organochlorines accumulate as a result of the Inuits' large consumption of sea mammal fat; however, available data are limited to blood lipids, milk fat, and adipose tissue. We report results of organoc...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Dewailly E,Mulvad G,Pedersen HS,Ayotte P,Demers A,Weber JP,Hansen JC

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) conducts a variety of surveys designed to provide cross-sectional estimates of the prevalence of various factors measuring the health of Americans. When these cross-sectional estimates are put together and plotted over time, they provide a picture of the trends in the h...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Feinleib M,Wilson RW

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proto-oncogenes are cellular genes that are expressed during normal growth and developmental processes. Altered versions of normal proto-oncogenes have been implicated in the development of human neoplasia. In this report, we show the detection of activated proto-oncogenes in various spontaneous and chemically induced...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Stowers SJ,Maronpot RR,Reynolds SH,Anderson MW

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metallothionein from livers of mice was isolated by gel chromatography and isoelectric focusing. One of two forms thus obtained contained 32 percent cysteine. This form, labeled in vitro with 109Cd, was injected intravenously in mice, and the distribution of 109Cd was studied. Animals killed after 4 hrs had over 80 pe...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Nordberg M,Nordberg GF

更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a case of a diamond polisher who developed occupational asthma as a result of prolonged exposure to various potent and well-recognized asthma-inducing agents, including cobalt dust. Although the patient was seen by various medical professionals during the initial course of his illness and given an early dia...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wilk-Rivard E,Szeinuk J

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although chemical exposure has been associated with reduced reproduction in certain North American fish, reptiles, and mammals, definitive cause-and-effect data are lacking in many instances. Because the increasing use and global transport of industrial chemicals pose significant risk to successful reproduction, metho...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Hose JE,Guillette LJ

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Adapting to extreme heat is becoming more critical as our climate changes. Previous research reveals that very few communities in the United States have programs to sufficiently prevent health problems during hot weather. OBJECTIVE:Our goal was to examine county-level local heat preparedness and response in...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： White-Newsome JL,Ekwurzel B,Baer-Schultz M,Ebi KL,O'Neill MS,Anderson GB

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The last decade has marked a radical change in the business of sustainability, say environmental activists and industrialists alike. On the wane are "greenwashing" campaigns in which corporations promote dubious environmental accomplishments to draw attention away from environmentally damaging practices. On the rise a...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Fields S

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reports on the prevalence of lead poisoning in children between 1 and 5 years of age living in a marginal area to the north of Mexico City and also includes an evaluation of sources of exposure to this metal in the same area. The results show that 67.5% of the children studied have blood lead (PbB) levels >...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： López-Carrillo L,Torres-Sánchez L,Garrido F,Papaqui-Hernández J,Palazuelos-Rendón E,López-Cervantes M

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following our first report on elevated polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations in California women, we expanded our investigation to include diverse groups of local women. We analyzed additional adipose and serum samples collected in the late 1990s from San Francisco Bay Area women participating in a breas...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Petreas M,She J,Brown FR,Winkler J,Windham G,Rogers E,Zhao G,Bhatia R,Charles MJ

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metallothionein (MT) promoter was methylated in rat hepatoma and in mouse lymphosarcoma cells by methylation of cytosine within the CpG dinucleotide region. After demethylation of MT-I promoter in mouse lymphosarcoma cells or in the transplanted rat hepatoma with 5-azacytidine, a potent inhibitor of DNA methyltransfer...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Jacob ST,Majumder S,Ghoshal K

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian cells in culture have been used to study the genetic effects of physical and chemical agents. We have used Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, clone K1-BH4, to quantify mutations at the X-linked, large (35 kb) hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) locus (the CHO/HPRT assay) induced by environm...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Hsie AW,Xu Z,Yu Y,An J,Meltz ML,Schwartz JL,Hrelia P

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nationwide, 45 states issue health advisories for sport fish consumers. Chemical contaminants in some Great Lakes (GL) sport fish include compounds suspected of causing adverse reproductive and developmental effects. Although advisories to reduce consumption of contaminated fish, especially by women, have been issued ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Tilden J,Hanrahan LP,Anderson H,Palit C,Olson J,Kenzie WM

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Millions of people worldwide are living in areas where ozone (O3) concentrations exceed health standards (an hourly average of 235 micrograms/m3/0.12 ppm, not to be exceeded more than once per year). Ozone induces acute nasal inflammatory responses and significant epithelial lesions in experimental animals and humans....

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Calderon-Garcidueñas L,Rodriguez-Alcaraz A,Garcia R,Sanchez G,Barragan G,Camacho R,Ramirez L

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemicals may induce cell proliferation directly as mitogens or indirectly via cell death with subsequent proliferation to replace lost cells. Chemically induced proliferation has been demonstrated to play a role in the carcinogenic process. A wide range of procedures and techniques are currently being used to define ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Goldsworthy TL,Butterworth BE,Maronpot RR

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal studies suggest that early-life lead exposure influences gene expression and production of proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVES:We attempted to assess the relationship between early-life lead exposure and potential biomarkers for AD among young men and women. We also attempte...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Mazumdar M,Xia W,Hofmann O,Gregas M,Ho Sui S,Hide W,Yang T,Needleman HL,Bellinger DC

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are important environmental contaminants, and their toxicity to wildlife and humans are of major concern. PCBs form persistent and abundant metabolites, PCB methyl sulfones, that accumulate in biota. We now report that certain hydroxylated PCB metabolites show a strong and selective ac...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Bergman A,Klasson-Wehler E,Kuroki H

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical and experimental studies on respiratory involvement and alterations in immune status were carried out. Respiratory distress occurring in these patients has improved gradually for 14 years but still remains. Copious expectoration at an early stage of the disease may be related to the fact that a number of disc...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Nakanishi Y,Shigematsu N,Kurita Y,Matsuba K,Kanegae H,Ishimaru S,Kawazoe Y

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00